diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/AbstractBaseConfigMigration.php b/app/Models/Extensions/AbstractBaseConfigMigration.php
index f7a7c7529fe..e5cf50c6329 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/AbstractBaseConfigMigration.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/AbstractBaseConfigMigration.php
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
 
 use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
 
+/**
+ * @codeCoverageIgnore still used and tested... but not in tests
+ */
 abstract class AbstractBaseConfigMigration extends Migration
 {
 	public const BOOL = '0|1';
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/BaseConfigMigration.php b/app/Models/Extensions/BaseConfigMigration.php
index cb04f780ad9..8835f4f93fa 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/BaseConfigMigration.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/BaseConfigMigration.php
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ final public function up(): void
 
 	/**
 	 * Reverse the migrations.
+	 *
+	 * @codeCoverageIgnore Tested but after CI run...
 	 */
 	final public function down(): void
 	{
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/BaseConfigMigrationReversed.php b/app/Models/Extensions/BaseConfigMigrationReversed.php
index 980826cd927..9fea1fb3433 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/BaseConfigMigrationReversed.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/BaseConfigMigrationReversed.php
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ final public function up(): void
 
 	/**
 	 * Reverse the migrations.
+	 *
+	 * @codeCoverageIgnore Tested but after CI run...
 	 */
 	final public function down(): void
 	{
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/ConfigsHas.php b/app/Models/Extensions/ConfigsHas.php
index 0b54bbc0ae0..9809d2b128f 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/ConfigsHas.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/ConfigsHas.php
@@ -44,22 +44,28 @@ public static function hasExiftool(): bool
 			if (Helpers::isExecAvailable()) {
 				try {
 					$cmd_output = exec('command -v exiftool');
+					// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 				} catch (\Exception $e) {
 					$cmd_output = false;
 					Handler::reportSafely(new ExternalComponentMissingException('could not find exiftool; `has_exiftool` will be set to 0', $e));
 				}
+				// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 				$path = $cmd_output === false ? '' : $cmd_output;
 				$has_exiftool = $path === '' ? 0 : 1;
 			} else {
+				// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 				$has_exiftool = 0;
+				// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 			}
 
 			try {
 				self::set('has_exiftool', $has_exiftool);
+				// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			} catch (InvalidConfigOption|QueryBuilderException $e) {
 				// If we could not save the detected setting, still proceed
 				Handler::reportSafely($e);
 			}
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		return $has_exiftool === 1;
@@ -82,22 +88,28 @@ public static function hasFFmpeg(): bool
 			if (Helpers::isExecAvailable()) {
 				try {
 					$cmd_output = exec('command -v ffmpeg');
+					// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 				} catch (\Exception $e) {
 					$cmd_output = false;
 					Handler::reportSafely(new ExternalComponentMissingException('could not find ffmpeg; `has_ffmpeg` will be set to 0', $e));
 				}
+				// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 				$path = $cmd_output === false ? '' : $cmd_output;
 				$has_ffmpeg = $path === '' ? 0 : 1;
 			} else {
+				// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 				$has_ffmpeg = 0;
+				// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 			}
 
 			try {
 				self::set('has_ffmpeg', $has_ffmpeg);
+				// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			} catch (InvalidConfigOption|QueryBuilderException $e) {
 				// If we could not save the detected setting, still proceed
 				Handler::reportSafely($e);
 			}
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		return $has_ffmpeg === 1;
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/HasAttributesPatch.php b/app/Models/Extensions/HasAttributesPatch.php
index 5df5cd12944..98941f3bff1 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/HasAttributesPatch.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/HasAttributesPatch.php
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Models\Extensions;
 
+use App\Exceptions\Internal\LycheeLogicException;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Support\Arrayable;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\InvalidCastException;
 
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ trait HasAttributesPatch
 	 */
 	protected function mutateAttributeForArray($key, $value)
 	{
+		throw new LycheeLogicException('Unexpected array cast');
 		if ($this->hasGetMutator($key)) {
 			$value = $this->mutateAttribute($key, $value);
 		}
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/HasRandomIDAndLegacyTimeBasedID.php b/app/Models/Extensions/HasRandomIDAndLegacyTimeBasedID.php
index 3da6dfc0559..aa7a965c384 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/HasRandomIDAndLegacyTimeBasedID.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/HasRandomIDAndLegacyTimeBasedID.php
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ public function getIncrementing(): bool
 	 * @param bool $value
 	 *
 	 * @throws NotImplementedException
+	 *
+	 * @codeCoverageIgnore setter is should not be used
 	 */
 	public function setIncrementing($value)
 	{
@@ -90,7 +92,9 @@ public function setAttribute($key, $value): mixed
 	protected function performInsert(Builder $query): bool
 	{
 		if ($this->fireModelEvent('creating') === false) {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			return false;
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		// First we'll need to create a fresh query instance and touch the creation and
@@ -111,6 +115,7 @@ protected function performInsert(Builder $query): bool
 				$this->generateKey();
 				$attributes = $this->getAttributesForInsert();
 				$result = $query->insert($attributes);
+				// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			} catch (QueryException $e) {
 				$lastException = $e;
 				$errorCode = $e->getCode();
@@ -123,11 +128,14 @@ protected function performInsert(Builder $query): bool
 				} else {
 					throw $e;
 				}
+				// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 			}
 		} while ($retry && $retryCounter > 0);
 
 		if ($retryCounter === 0) {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			throw new TimeBasedIdException('unable to persist model to DB after 5 unsuccessful attempts', $lastException);
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		// We will go ahead and set the exists property to true, so that it is set when
@@ -164,10 +172,11 @@ private function generateKey(): void
 			if ($id[23] === '-') {
 				$id[23] = '0';
 			}
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 		} catch (\Exception $e) {
 			throw new InsufficientEntropyException($e);
 		}
-
+		// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		if (
 			PHP_INT_MAX === 2147483647 ||
 			Configs::getValueAsBool('force_32bit_ids')
@@ -176,7 +185,9 @@ private function generateKey(): void
 			// full seconds in id.  The calling code needs to be able to
 			// handle duplicate ids.  Note that this also exposes us to
 			// the year 2038 problem.
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			$legacyID = sprintf('%010d', microtime(true));
+		// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		} else {
 			// Ensure 4 digits after the decimal point, 15 characters
 			// total (including the decimal point), 0-padded on the
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/SizeVariants.php b/app/Models/Extensions/SizeVariants.php
index e6d99dc393f..5b40ea9e7f9 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/SizeVariants.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/SizeVariants.php
@@ -77,13 +77,17 @@ public function __construct(Photo $photo, ?Collection $sizeVariants = null)
 	public function add(SizeVariant $sizeVariant): void
 	{
 		if ($sizeVariant->photo_id !== $this->photo->id) {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			throw new LycheeInvalidArgumentException('ID of owning photo does not match');
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 		$sizeVariant->setRelation('photo', $this->photo);
 		$candidate = $this->getSizeVariant($sizeVariant->type);
 
 		if ($candidate !== null && $candidate->id !== $sizeVariant->id) {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			throw new LycheeInvalidArgumentException('Another size variant of the same type has already been added');
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		match ($sizeVariant->type) {
@@ -105,6 +109,7 @@ public function add(SizeVariant $sizeVariant): void
 	 */
 	public function toArray(): array
 	{
+		// AM I really used?
 		return [
 			SizeVariantType::ORIGINAL->name() => $this->original?->toArray(),
 			SizeVariantType::MEDIUM2X->name() => $this->medium2x?->toArray(),
@@ -232,7 +237,9 @@ public function getPlaceholder(): ?SizeVariant
 	public function create(SizeVariantType $sizeVariantType, string $shortPath, ImageDimension $dim, int $filesize): SizeVariant
 	{
 		if (!$this->photo->exists) {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			throw new IllegalOrderOfOperationException('Cannot create a size variant for a photo whose id is not yet persisted to DB');
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 		try {
 			$result = SizeVariant::create([
@@ -245,14 +252,17 @@ public function create(SizeVariantType $sizeVariantType, string $shortPath, Imag
 				'filesize' => $filesize,
 				'ratio' => $dim->getRatio(),
 			]);
+			/** @disregard P1006 */
 			$this->add($result);
 
 			return $result;
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 		} catch (LycheeInvalidArgumentException $e) {
 			// thrown by ::add(), if  $result->photo_id !==  $this->photo->id,
 			// but we know that we assert that
 			throw LycheeAssertionError::createFromUnexpectedException($e);
 		}
+		// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -332,15 +342,4 @@ public function hasMedium(): bool
 	{
 		return $this->medium !== null || $this->medium2x !== null;
 	}
-
-	/**
-	 * We don't need to check if small2x or medium2x exists.
-	 * small2x implies small, and same for medium2x, but the opposite is not true!
-	 *
-	 * @return bool
-	 */
-	public function hasMediumOrSmall(): bool
-	{
-		return $this->small !== null || $this->medium !== null;
-	}
 }
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/SortingDecorator.php b/app/Models/Extensions/SortingDecorator.php
index 217e02a1d1a..34050f63d89 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/SortingDecorator.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/SortingDecorator.php
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ public function get(array $columns = ['*']): Collection
 			for ($i = $this->pivotIdx + 1; $i < sizeof($this->orderBy); $i++) {
 				$this->baseBuilder->orderBy($this->orderBy[$i]['column'], $this->orderBy[$i]['direction']);
 			}
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 		} catch (\InvalidArgumentException) {
 			// Sic! In theory, `\InvalidArgumentException` should be thrown
 			// if the *type* of argument differs from the expected type
@@ -164,6 +165,7 @@ public function get(array $columns = ['*']): Collection
 			// direction does neither equal "asc" nor "desc".
 			throw new InvalidOrderDirectionException();
 		}
+		// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 
 		/** @var Collection<int,TModelClass> $result */
 		$result = $this->baseBuilder->get($columns);
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/ThrowsConsistentExceptions.php b/app/Models/Extensions/ThrowsConsistentExceptions.php
index d399ef73be3..f21aee99a70 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/ThrowsConsistentExceptions.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/ThrowsConsistentExceptions.php
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Models\Extensions;
 
+use App\Exceptions\Internal\LycheeLogicException;
 use App\Exceptions\ModelDBException;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\JsonEncodingException;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
@@ -138,6 +139,8 @@ public function jsonSerialize(): array
 	 */
 	public function toJson($options = 0): string
 	{
+		// See if we can delete this.
+		throw new LycheeLogicException('Error encoding model [' . get_class($this) . '] to JSON');
 		try {
 			// Note, we must not use the option `JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR` here,
 			// because this does not clear `json_last_error()` from any
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/Thumb.php b/app/Models/Extensions/Thumb.php
index fbb4617a556..17fdb35f8f0 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/Thumb.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/Thumb.php
@@ -88,9 +88,11 @@ public static function createFromQueryable(Relation|Builder $photoQueryable, Sor
 				->first();
 
 			return self::createFromPhoto($cover);
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 		} catch (\InvalidArgumentException $e) {
 			throw new InvalidPropertyException('Sorting order invalid', $e);
 		}
+		// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -109,6 +111,9 @@ public static function createFromQueryable(Relation|Builder $photoQueryable, Sor
 	 *
 	 * @throws InvalidPropertyException thrown, if $sortingOrder neither
 	 *                                  equals `desc` nor `asc`
+	 *
+	 * @codeCoverageIgnore We don't need to test that one.
+	 * Note that the inRandomOrder maybe slower than fetching length + random int.
 	 */
 	public static function createFromRandomQueryable(Relation|Builder $photoQueryable): ?Thumb
 	{
@@ -128,8 +133,6 @@ public static function createFromRandomQueryable(Relation|Builder $photoQueryabl
 
 	/**
 	 * Creates a thumbnail from the given photo.
-	 * On Livewire it will use by default small and small2x if available, thumb and thumb2x if not.
-	 * On Legacy it will use thumb and thumb2x.
 	 *
 	 * @param Photo|null $photo the photo
 	 *
@@ -138,12 +141,16 @@ public static function createFromRandomQueryable(Relation|Builder $photoQueryabl
 	public static function createFromPhoto(?Photo $photo): ?Thumb
 	{
 		if ($photo === null) {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			return null;
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		$thumb = $photo->size_variants->getSmall() ?? $photo->size_variants->getThumb();
 		if ($thumb === null) {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			return null;
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		$thumb2x = $photo->size_variants->getSmall() !== null
@@ -152,7 +159,9 @@ public static function createFromPhoto(?Photo $photo): ?Thumb
 
 		$placeholder = (Configs::getValueAsBool('low_quality_image_placeholder'))
 			? $photo->size_variants->getPlaceholder()
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			: null;
+		// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 
 		return new self(
 			$photo->id,
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/ToArrayThrowsNotImplemented.php b/app/Models/Extensions/ToArrayThrowsNotImplemented.php
index 8bca5a40ee9..2f7d8f9e6a6 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/ToArrayThrowsNotImplemented.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/ToArrayThrowsNotImplemented.php
@@ -16,9 +16,6 @@
  *
  * Now that we use Resources toArray should no longer be used.
  * Throw an exception if we encounter this function in the code.
- *
- * Because Livewire uses toArray to serialize models when passing them to sub components,
- * we still need to allow those cases. Those can be detected by the Route::is() call
  */
 trait ToArrayThrowsNotImplemented
 {
@@ -26,6 +23,8 @@ trait ToArrayThrowsNotImplemented
 	 * @return array<string,mixed>
 	 *
 	 * @throws NotImplementedException
+	 *
+	 * @codeCoverageIgnore We should never reach this code
 	 */
 	final public function toArray(): array
 	{
diff --git a/app/Models/Extensions/UTCBasedTimes.php b/app/Models/Extensions/UTCBasedTimes.php
index 6920ae49128..1ddb98e5b53 100644
--- a/app/Models/Extensions/UTCBasedTimes.php
+++ b/app/Models/Extensions/UTCBasedTimes.php
@@ -141,7 +141,9 @@ public function fromDateTime($value): ?string
 	public function asDateTime($value): Carbon
 	{
 		if ($value === null || $value === '') {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			throw new LycheeLogicException('asDateTime called on null or empty string');
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		// If this value is already a Carbon instance, we shall just return it as is.
@@ -155,10 +157,12 @@ public function asDateTime($value): Carbon
 		// these checks since they will be a waste of time, and hinder performance
 		// when checking the field. We will just return the DateTime right away.
 		if ($value instanceof \DateTimeInterface) {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			return Date::parse(
 				$value->format('Y-m-d H:i:s.u'),
 				$value->getTimezone()
 			);
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		// If this value is an integer, we will assume it is a UNIX timestamp's value
@@ -166,10 +170,12 @@ public function asDateTime($value): Carbon
 		// when defining your date fields as they might be UNIX timestamps here.
 		// Applied patch: Set bare UTC timestamp to the application's default timezone
 		if (is_numeric($value)) {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			$result = Date::createFromTimestamp($value);
 			$result->setTimezone(date_default_timezone_get());
 
 			return $result;
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		// If the value is in simply year, month, day format, we will instantiate the
@@ -179,12 +185,14 @@ public function asDateTime($value): Carbon
 		// is interpreted relative to UTC and _then_ set to the
 		// application's default timezone.
 		if (preg_match(self::$STANDARD_DATE_PATTERN, $value) === 1) {
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 			$date = Date::createFromFormat('Y-m-d', $value, self::$DB_TIMEZONE_NAME);
 			$date = $date !== false ? $date : null;
 			$result = $date?->startOfDay();
 			$result?->setTimezone(date_default_timezone_get());
 
 			return $result;
+			// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 		}
 
 		// Finally, we will just assume this date is in the format used by default on
@@ -225,19 +233,4 @@ public function asDateTime($value): Carbon
 
 		return $result;
 	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Prepares a date for array/JSON serialization.
-	 *
-	 * In contrast to the original implementation, this one serializes the
-	 * timezone "as is" and includes fractions of seconds.
-	 *
-	 * @param \DateTimeInterface $date
-	 *
-	 * @return string
-	 */
-	protected function serializeDate(\DateTimeInterface $date): string
-	{
-		return $date->format('Y-m-d\TH:i:sP');
-	}
 }
diff --git a/app/Models/OauthCredential.php b/app/Models/OauthCredential.php
index af35ffcb5cf..b036bfe4fb1 100644
--- a/app/Models/OauthCredential.php
+++ b/app/Models/OauthCredential.php
@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ class OauthCredential extends Model
 	 * Return the relationship between a Photo and its Album.
 	 *
 	 * @return BelongsTo<User,$this>
+	 *
+	 * @codeCoverageIgnore Tested locally.
 	 */
 	public function user(): BelongsTo
 	{