FSRS
This setting is shared by all deck presets.FSRS is currently in the advanced section, as it was only just integrated into Anki in the 23.10 release. When you enable the setting, some new options will -become available, and SM-2 specific settings will be hidden.
-If you previously used the 'custom scheduling' version of FSRS, please make -sure you clear out the custom scheduling section before enabling FSRS.
+become available, and SM-2 specific settings, such as "Graduating interval", +"Easy bonus", etc, will be hidden. +Before Enabling
+-
+
- Please ensure all of your Anki clients support FSRS. Anki 23.10, AnkiMobile 23.10, +and AnkiWeb all support it. AnkiDroid supports it in 2.17alpha3+. If +one of your clients doesn't support it, things will not work correctly. +
- If you previously used the 'custom scheduling' version of FSRS, please make +sure you clear out the custom scheduling section before enabling FSRS. +
FSRS Options
+Desired Retention
+Desired retention controls how likely you are to remember cards when they are reviewed. +The default value of 0.9 will schedule cards so you have a 90% chance of remembering +them when they come up for review again.
+Here is a graph that shows how adjusting this value will affect your workload:
+
+There are two things to notice:
+-
+
-
+
As desired retention approaches 1.0, the frequency that you need to review cards +increases drastically. For example, imagine you have a card that you have a 90% +chance of remembering after 100 days. If your desired retention was 0.95, you'd +need to review it after 47 days instead (approximately twice as frequently). +At 0.97, the delay would be only 27 days (approximately 3.7x as frequently). +At 0.99, you'd be reviewing every 9 days (more than 10x what you'd be doing with +the defaults).
+
+ -
+
As desired retention decreases, you'll forget a greater percentage of your +cards, and those cards will need to be reviewed again. Eventually, you'll +get to a point where the forgotten cards contribute more to your workload +than you gain from the longer delays, which is why you see the workload +on the left of the graph increasing. Also, bear in mind that forgetting +material frequently is demotivating.
+
+
For these reasons, we suggest you be conservative when adjusting this +number, and recommend you keep it between 0.85 and 0.95.
+SM-2 retention
+If your actual retention before switching to FSRS was significantly different +from 0.9, adjusting this value will allow Anki to better estimate your memory +state when it encounters cards that are missing review logs. Since review +logs typically won't be missing unless you explicitly deleted them to free +up space, most users will not need to adjust this.
+FSRS parameters
+FSRS parameters affect how cards are scheduled. They are not intended to be +manually modified. Once you've accumulated 1000+ reviews, you can have Anki +optimize the parameters for you, based on your review history.
+Reschedule cards on change
+This option controls whether the due dates of cards will be changed when you +enable FSRS, or change the parameters. The default is not to reschedule +cards: future reviews will use the new scheduling, but there will be no +immediate change to your workload. If rescheduling is enabled, the due dates +of cards will be changed, often resulting in a large number of cards becoming +due, so activating this option is not recommended when first switching from SM2.
+If you wish to visualize how FSRS would change your schedule without altering +your workload, there are two ways you can do so:
+-
+
- Enable FSRS without rescheduling, and compare the interval and stability +graphs. The interval graph will show the current intervals of cards; the stability +graph will show the intervals FSRS would give cards if the desired retention is 0.9. +
- Create a backup, enable FSRS with rescheduling, check the future due graph, and then +undo or restore from the backup. +
Optimize FSRS parameters
+The FSRS optimizer uses machine learning to learn your memory patterns +and find parameters that best fit your review history. So, the optimizer +requires several reviews to fine-tune the parameters.
+If you have less than 1,000 reviews, you can use the default parameters that +are already entered into the "FSRS parameters" field. Even with the default +parameters, FSRS should work well for most users.
+Once you've done 1000+ reviews in Anki, you can use the Optimize button to +analyze your review history, and automatically generate parameters that are +optimal for your memory and the content you're studying. Parameters are +preset-specific, so if you have decks that vary wildly in difficulty, it +is recommended to assign them separate presets, as the parameters for easy +decks and hard decks will be different. There is no need to optimize your +parameters frequently - once every few months is sufficient.
+By default, parameters will be calculated from the review history of all +decks using the current preset. You can optionally adjust the search +before calculating the parameters, if you'd like to alter which cards +are used for optimizing the parameters.
+Evaluate FSRS parameters
+You can use the Evaluate button in the "Optimize FSRS parameters" +section to see metrics that show how well the parameters in the +"Model parameters" field fit your review history. Smaller numbers +indicate a better fit to your review history.
+Log-loss doesn't have an intuitive interpretation. RMSE (bins) can be +interpreted as the average difference between the predicted probability +of recalling a card (R) and the measured (from the review history) +probability. For example, RMSE=5% means that, on average, FSRS +is off by 5% when predicting R.
+Note that log-loss and RMSE (bins) are not perfectly correlated, +so two decks may have similar RMSE values but very different log-loss values, +and vice-versa.
+Compute optimal retention
+This experimental tool assumes you're starting with 0 cards, and will +attempt to calculate the amount of material you'll be able to retain +in the given time frame. The estimated retention will greatly depend +on your inputs, and if it significantly differs from 0.9, it's a sign +that the time you've allocated each day is either too low or too high +for the amount of cards you're trying to learn. This number can be +useful as a reference, but it is not recommended to copy it into the +desired retention field.
+Learning and re-learning steps
+(Re)learning steps of 1+ days are not recommended when using FSRS. The main +reason they were popular with the old SM-2 scheduler is because repeatedly +failing a card after learning could reduce its ease a lot, leading to what +some people called "ease hell". This is not a problem that FSRS suffers from. +By keeping your learning steps under a day, you will allow FSRS to schedule +cards at times it has calculated are optimum for your material and memory. +Another reason not to use longer learning steps is because FSRS may end up +scheduling the first review for a shorter time than your last learning step, +leading to the Hard button showing a longer time than Good.
+We also recommend you keep the number of learning steps to a minimum. Evidence +shows that repeating a card multiple times in a single day after you've +remembered it does not significantly help with memory, so your time is +better spent on other cards or a shorter study session
+Add-On Compatibility
+Some add-ons can cause conflicts with FSRS. As a general rule of thumb, +if an add-on affects a card's intervals, it shouldn't be used with FSRS.
+More
+For more info on FSRS, please check:
+Maximum Interval
Allows you to place an upper limit on the time Anki will wait to reshow a card. The default is 100 years; you can decrease diff --git a/media/FSRS_retention.png b/media/FSRS_retention.png new file mode 100644 index 00000000..738ef18f Binary files /dev/null and b/media/FSRS_retention.png differ diff --git a/print.html b/print.html index c5c86b8c..7bd788a0 100644 --- a/print.html +++ b/print.html @@ -3447,7 +3447,14 @@
![](\"_logo.jpg\"){kind=logo}
","breadcrumbs":"Card Templates » Field Replacements » Static Sounds/Images","id":"151","title":"Static Sounds/Images"},"152":{"body":"Media references to fields are not supported. They may or may not display during review, and will not work when checking for unused media, importing/exporting, and so on. Examples that won’t work: ![](\"{{Expression}}.jpg\")
[sound:{{Word}}] [latex]{{Field 1}}[/latex] Instead, you should include the media references in the field. Please see the importing section for more information.","breadcrumbs":"Card Templates » Field Replacements » Field References","id":"152","title":"Field References"},"153":{"body":"You can watch a video about this feature on YouTube. The easiest way to check your answer is to click \"Basic\" at the top left of the card adding screen, and select \"Basic (type in the answer)\". If you have downloaded a shared deck and would like to type in the answer with it, you can modify its card template. If it has a template like: {{Native Word}} {{FrontSide}} ![](\"pic.jpg\")
We use these settings: Find and Replace dialog (Note that on Anki versions prior to 2.1.28, you would need to replace ${1} with \\1.) Then the assumed field content will change to: pic.jpg A full discussion on regular expressions is outside the scope of this document. There are a number of syntax guides available on the web: For Anki 2.1.28+, see https://docs.rs/regex/latest/regex/index.html#syntax . For older Anki versions, see http://docs.python.org/library/re.html .","breadcrumbs":"Browsing » Find and Replace","id":"266","title":"Find and Replace"},"267":{"body":"You can use the Notes > Find Duplicates option to search for notes that have the same content. When you open the window, Anki will look at all of your note types and present a list of all possible fields. If you want to look for duplicates in the Back field, you’d select it from the list and then click Search . By default, it will search in all note types that have the field you provided. This differs from the duplicate check when you add cards manually, which is limited to a single note type. The Optional filter text box allows you to narrow down where Anki will look for duplicates. If you only want to search for duplicates in the \"French Vocab\" and \"French Verbs\" note types, you would enter: \"note:french vocab\" or \"note:french verbs\" Or you might want to look only for duplicates in a particular deck, so you could use: \"deck:myDeck\" The search syntax is the same as used when searching in the browser. For more information, see Searching . You can click one of the links in the search results list to display the duplicate notes in that set. If the search brings up a large number of duplicates, you may wish to instead click the Tag Duplicates button, which will tag all matching notes with duplicate . You can then search for this tag in the browser and handle them all from the same screen.","breadcrumbs":"Browsing » Finding Duplicates","id":"267","title":"Finding Duplicates"},"268":{"body":"Custom Study Home Decks Creating Manually Order Steps & Returning Counts Due Reviews Reviewing Ahead Rescheduling Catching Up When you study a regular deck in Anki, only a limited number of cards are shown: the cards Anki thinks you are about to forget, and a daily limit of new cards. This is generally useful, as it ensures you don't spend more time studying than necessary. But sometimes it can be useful to step outside of these normal limits, such as when you need to review for a test, focus on particular material, and so on. To make this possible, Anki provides a different type of deck called a 'filtered deck'. Filtered decks offer a lot of possibilities. They can be used for previewing cards, cramming cards before a test, studying particular tags, catching up on a backlog with a particular sort order, reviewing ahead of schedule, going over the day's failed cards, and more.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Filtered Decks & Cramming","id":"268","title":"Filtered Decks & Cramming"},"269":{"body":"The easiest way to create a filtered deck is with the Custom Study button, which appears at the bottom of the screen when you click on a deck. It offers some convenient preset filters for common tasks like reviewing the cards that you have failed that day. It will create a filtered deck called \"Custom Study Session\" and automatically open it for you. If an existing \"Custom Study Session\" deck exists, it will be emptied before a new one is created. If you wish to keep a custom study deck, you can rename it from the deck list. Here is a summary of each of the options: Increase today's new card limit Add more new cards to the deck you are currently studying. Note that unlike other options, this does 'not' create a new filtered deck, it modifies the existing deck. Increase today's review card limit If not all reviews due today were shown because of the daily review limit, this option allows you to show more of them. As with the new cards option, this modifies the existing deck. Review forgotten cards Show all the cards, for which you've answered Again (1) within the number of days you specify. Review ahead Show cards that will be due in the near future (the number of days you specify). This is useful for working through some of your older cards before a vacation, but it will not help with cards you have learnt recently. Please see the reviewing ahead section below for more info. Preview new cards Show cards that you have recently added, without converting them to review cards as they are answered. Study by card state or tag Select a certain number of cards from the current deck to study. You can choose to select new cards only, due cards only, or all cards; after you click \"Choose Tags\", you can also limit the selected cards by tags. If you wish to see all the cards in the deck (for instance, to study before a big test), you can set the number of cards to more than the number of cards in the deck.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Custom Study","id":"269","title":"Custom Study"},"27":{"body":"No error, but app does not appear Windows updates Windows 7/8 Video driver issues Multiple displays Antivirus/firewall software Admin access Multiple Anki installations present after updating Debugging If all else fails","breadcrumbs":"Platform Notes » Windows » Startup Issues » Windows startup issues","id":"27","title":"Windows startup issues"},"270":{"body":"When a card is moved to a filtered deck, it retains a link to the deck, from which it came. That previous deck is said to be the card's 'home deck'. Cards automatically return to their home deck after they are studied in the filtered deck. This can be after a single review, or after multiple reviews, depending on your settings. It is also possible to move all cards back to their home decks at once: The \"Empty\" button in the study overview moves all cards in the filtered deck back to their home deck, but does not delete the empty filtered deck. This can be useful if you want to fill it again later (using the Rebuild button). Deleting a filtered deck does the same thing as \"Empty\" does, but also removes the emptied deck from the deck list. No cards are deleted when you delete a filtered deck. In the old scheduler, if you create, rebuild, empty, or delete a filtered deck while cards are still in learning, they will be turned back into new cards. In the case of failed reviews in relearning, any remaining relearning steps will be skipped. This was fixed in the v2 scheduler so cards are no longer reset.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Home Decks","id":"270","title":"Home Decks"},"271":{"body":"Advanced users can create filtered decks with arbitrary search strings (or 'filters'), instead of relying on the preset filters. To create a filtered deck manually, choose Create Filtered Deck from the Tools menu. When you click the Build button, Anki finds cards that match the settings you specified, and temporarily moves them from their existing decks into your new filtered deck for study. If you wish to fetch cards again using the same filter options (for instance, if you want to study all cards with a particular tag every day), you can use the Rebuild button at the bottom of the deck's overview screen. The search area controls what cards Anki will gather. All of the searches possible in the browser are also possible for filtered decks, such as limiting to tags, finding cards forgotten a certain number of times, and so on. Please see the searching section of the manual for more information on the different possibilities. Filtered decks cannot pull in cards that are suspended, buried, or already in a different filtered deck. And if you are using the v1 scheduler, cards in (re)learning will not be included either. For this reason, a search in the browser may reveal cards that do not end up in the filtered deck. The limit option controls how many cards will be gathered into the deck. The order you select controls both the order cards are gathered in, and the order they will be reviewed in. If you select \"most lapses\" and a limit of 20 for example, then Anki will show you only the 20 most lapsed cards.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Creating Manually","id":"271","title":"Creating Manually"},"272":{"body":"The \"cards selected by\" option controls the order that cards will appear in. If the maximum number of cards you select is lower than the number of cards that match the filter criteria, Anki will exclude the cards at the end of this sorted list first. Oldest seen first Display those cards first, that you haven't seen in reviews for the longest time. Random Randomize the order of all cards that match the filter criteria (use no set order). Increasing intervals Display cards that have the smallest interval first. Decreasing intervals Display cards that have the largest interval first. Most lapses Display those cards first, that you have failed the most times. Order added Display cards that you added first (i.e. those cards that have the earliest creation date). Order due Display cards with the earliest due date first. Latest added first Display those cards first, that you have most recently added to the deck. (This is the opposite of 'Order added'.) Relative overdueness Display those cards first, that are most overdue in relation to their current interval (for instance, a card with a current interval of 5 days overdue by 2 days displays before a card with a current interval of 5 years overdue by a week). This is useful if you have a large backlog that may take some time to get through and you want to review those cards first, that you are most in danger of forgetting.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Order","id":"272","title":"Order"},"273":{"body":"Please see the section on learning as a reminder of how steps work. By default, Anki will use the steps of a card’s home deck. If a new card would normally be reviewed twice when being learnt, the same thing will happen when you study it in a filtered deck. Cards return to their home deck when (re)learning is complete. Thus if you have 3 learning steps, a new card will return to its home deck upon three presses of \"Good\" or a single press of \"Easy\". v1 and v2 scheduler In the v1 scheduler, the custom steps option allows you to override the home deck’s steps and provide your own steps instead. The provided steps apply to both cards being learnt, lapsed reviews, and reviews ahead of time. Please note, however, that from the v2 scheduler filtered decks no longer support custom steps . v3 scheduler Filtered decks with rescheduling disabled show 4 buttons in the v3 scheduler - the provided delay applies to the Again button, and Hard/Good will use 1.5x and 2x the provided delay. Easy will remove the card.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Steps & Returning","id":"273","title":"Steps & Returning"},"274":{"body":"In a filtered deck, reviews that were already due are displayed in the review count as normal. Learning cards and non-due reviews are counted in the new card count, due to how the underlying implementation works. Reviews that were not due are not scheduled like new cards however: Anki uses a special algorithm that takes into account how close they were to their normal due time when reviewed.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Counts","id":"274","title":"Counts"},"275":{"body":"If the filtered deck includes cards that were due for review, they will be shown like they would have been in their original deck: they appear in the review card count at the bottom of the screen, and there are four choices for how well you remembered. Upon a correct answer, the card will be moved back to its home deck, and its next delay adjusted using the home deck's settings. If you forget the card, it will be shown according to the relearning steps defined in the home deck.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Due Reviews","id":"275","title":"Due Reviews"},"276":{"body":"If your search included cards that are not due, Anki will show the reviews ahead of time. Anki uses a special algorithm for these reviews that takes into account how early you are reviewing. If the cards were almost due to be shown, they will be given a new delay similar to what they would have received if you had reviewed them on time. If the cards are reviewed soon after they were scheduled however, their new delay will be similar to their previous delay. This calculation works on a sliding scale. Because reviewing a card shortly after it is scheduled has little impact on scheduling (e.g. a card due tomorrow with a one day interval will remain due tomorrow if reviewed early), the \"review ahead\" custom study setting is not appropriate for repeated use . If used to go through a week's worth of cards before a trip, the mature cards will be rescheduled into the future and the new cards will remain at small intervals, because you don't know them well enough for them to be rescheduled further. If you review ahead again the next day, all you'll end up doing is going through those same new cards again, to little benefit. Early reviews are included in the new card count rather than the review count, and will be shown according to the number of relearning steps defined in the home deck (unless you have provided custom steps). This means that if you have customized the number of relearning steps in the home deck, the non-due card may be shown more than once. If you have multiple steps, Anki will only consider the first answer when deciding the next delay, and like relearning in normal decks, \"Good\" and \"Easy\" differ only in the step change and not the resulting delay.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Reviewing Ahead","id":"276","title":"Reviewing Ahead"},"277":{"body":"By default, Anki will return cards to their home decks with altered scheduling, based on your performance in the filtered deck. There is a reschedule cards based on my answers option available which alters this behaviour. From the v2 scheduler , when rescheduling is disabled, cards are shown in a simple \"preview mode\", and when they are returned to the original deck, they are returned exactly as they started. In the v1 scheduler, cards were presented more similarly to how they normally are, but studying cards had side effects, and the original position of new cards was lost when you studied them.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Rescheduling","id":"277","title":"Rescheduling"},"278":{"body":"Filtered decks can be useful for catching up when you've fallen behind in your reviews. One Anki user describes the way they use the filtered decks to catch up as follows: I did this for a backlog of 800 cards with filtered subdecks. Worked\nvery well for me. Just Due filter with: \"is:due prop:due>-7\" Over Due filter with: \"is:due prop:due<=-7\" The Just Due deck will then contain cards that became due in the past\nweek. That's the deck you should study every day as it gets the cards\nthat become due regularly. With this you can study as if there weren't\nany backlog. The Over Due deck will contain your backlog — cards which you didn't\nstudy in time. You can study them the same way you would study new\ncards. They go back into the regular cards, so the number of overdue\nwill never grow as long as you keep your Just Due deck in check. How long it takes depends on how many overdue cards you study each day\nin addition to the ones that become due regularly. You can still motor\nthrough them when you feel like it - or you can do a specific number per\nday like you would for new cards. Up to you.","breadcrumbs":"Filtered Decks » Catching Up","id":"278","title":"Catching Up"},"279":{"body":"Simple searches Limiting to a field Tags, decks, cards and notes Ignoring accents/combining characters Regular expressions Card state Card properties Recent Events Added Edited Answered First Answered Matching special characters Raw input Object IDs Anki's Browse screen and the Filtered Deck feature use a common method of searching for specific cards/notes.","breadcrumbs":"Searching » Searching","id":"279","title":"Searching"},"28":{"body":"Recently there have been some reports of Anki failing to appear, without any error message showing up. If you run into this situation, you can either: Install the latest Anki version (try both qt6 and qt5) Or you can try adjusting your decimal separator if it is not a period. Or you can try the old 2.1.35-alternate build of Anki.","breadcrumbs":"Platform Notes » Windows » Startup Issues » No error, but app does not appear","id":"28","title":"No error, but app does not appear"},"280":{"body":"When you type some text into the search box, Anki finds matching notes and displays their cards. Anki searches in all fields of the notes, but does not search for tags (see later in this section for how to search for tags). Some examples: dog search for \"dog\" - will match words like \"doggy\" and \"underdog\" too. dog cat finds notes that have both \"dog\" and \"cat\" on them, such as \"raining cats and dogs\". dog or cat finds notes with either \"dog\" or \"cat\". dog (cat or mouse) finds notes with dog and cat, or dog and mouse. -cat finds notes without the word \"cat\". -cat -mouse finds notes with neither \"cat\" nor \"mouse\". -(cat or mouse) same as the above. \"a dog\" finds notes with the exact sequence of characters \"a dog\" on them, such as \"atta dog\", but not \"dog a\" or \"adog\". -\"a dog\" finds notes without the exact phrase \"a dog\" d_g finds notes with d, ![](\"myimage.jpg\")
or [sound:myaudio.mp3] Alternatively, you can use the find and replace feature in the browse screen to update all the fields at once. If each field contains text like \"myaudio\", and you wish to make it play a sound, you’d search for (.*) and replace it with \"[sound:\\1.mp3]\", with the 'regular expressions' option enabled. When importing a text file with these references, you must make sure to enable the \"Allow HTML\" option. You might be tempted to do this in a template, like: