dev_two.txt

"This book by Virginia Woolf inspired Michael Cunningham's novel ""The Hours"""	Mrs. Dalloway	
"The ""amiable"" former name of the Tongan archipelago"	the Friendly Islands	
"The Rhine Valley occupies one-third of this 62-square-mile country; the Alps cover the rest"	Liechtenstein	
"PBS fans know that ""Evening at Pops"" refers to this city's Pops"	Boston	
"In 1996 he simultaneously published ""The Regulators"" as Richard Bachman & ""Desperation"" under this name"	Stephen King	
"In 1843 Congress allocated $30,000 to string one between Baltimore & Washington; it was completed in 1844"	a telegraph wire	
According to Chuck Jones, whenever possible, this force of nature was to be Wile E. Coyote's greatest enemy	gravity	
This 1940 Disney film featured the music of Bach, Beethoven, Stravinsky, Schubert & Mussorgsky	Fantasia	
The Babylonians kept abreast of the times using a form of this instrument seen here:	Sundial	
Dying in 2009 at age 113, British WWI vet Henry Allingham was the last original surviving member of this group, formed 1918	the Royal Air Force	
-273 Celsius	absolute zero	
Pehaps the greatest violinist ever, this Italian could play a whole piece on just one string	Niccolo Paganini	
"Blink-182: ""That's about the time she walked away from me, nobody likes you when you're ___"""	23	
Rolf Gruber & Mother Abbess of Nonnberg Abbey	The Sound of Music	
"In this song, David Bowie instructs, ""Put on your red shoes and dance the blues"""	Let's Dance	
"Longfellow wrote, ""Tell me not"" that ""life is but an empty"" this"	dream	
"His 1543 book ""Concerning the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres"" started an astronomical revolution"	Nicholas Copernicus	
Baby, boudoir & concert are 3 sizes of this type of piano	grand piano	
"Welcome MCR, this alt-rock group, to ""The Black Parade"", its 2006 concept album"	My Chemical Romance	
Iron filings are often used to demonstrate the presence of this field	magnetic field	
By 1942 FDR had appointed 7 new men to this body: it took a while, but he got the packing he had wanted	the Supreme Court	
"Rebels took the post office in this city during their ""rising"" on Easter Monday, 1916"	Dublin	
An institute of physical sciences at the University of Copenhagen is named for this physicist	(Niels) Bohr	
This adjective describes organisms purposely grown in a petri disk, whether they like opera or not	cultured	
To accuse someone of being dopey, crude or just unevolved, you can call him this, from a valley near Dusseldorf	a Neanderthal	
"Founded in 1702, Mobile in this state became the ""City of Six Flags"" (but it doesn't have a Six Flags theme park)"	Alabama	
"Montezuma's real revenge: a 1741 British expedition to conquer Mexico was devastated by this ""colorful"" disease"	yellow fever	
The revolutionary Fenians invaded this British overseas dominion in 1866 & 1870	Canada	
"In a poem he named himself Cadenus, an anagram of Decanus, or ""Dean"""	Jonathan Swift	
"This man's aria ""Ombra Mai Fu"" from ""Xerxes"" is not as famous as his ""Hallelujah Chorus"""	Handel	
This loving relative who takes care of Tom Sawyer was inspired by Mark Twain's own mother	Aunt Polly	
Democracy And Social Ethics is a 1902 book by this founder of Hull House	Jane Addams	
The eggs of the Japanese species of this small game bird were studied on the Mir Space Station	quail	
"C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, it's found before ""alcohol"" & is a homophone of a female first name"	ethyl	
With 4 patents in 1933, Edwin H. Armstrong is credited as the sole inventor of this radio system	FM (Frequency Modulation)	
Leonine Monarch	The Lion King	
"A rundown Mexican hotel is the setting for ""The Night of the Iguana"", a play by this writer"	Tennessee Williams	
The highest point in this mountain range is Pico de Aneto, near Spain's northern border	Pyrenees	
"French for ""study"", it's a musical piece intended to help students improve their technique"	Etude	
In 1980 Devo had its only Top 40 hit with this song	Whip It	
Parrotheads	Jimmy Buffett	
The city-states of Sidon & Tyre were olocated in this Mediterranean region now occupied mostly by Lebanon	Phoenicia	
"This Russian-born author & scientist who died in 1992 said, ""I do not fear computers.  I fear the lack of them"""	Isaac Asimov	
This Venezuelan river empties into the Atlantic Ocean near Trinidad	the Orinoco	
This Alexandrian added latitude & longitude lines to his maps around 151 A.D.	Ptolemy	
Barbara Cook won a Tony for playing Marian the Librarian in the original production of this musical	The Music Man	
...& the Mechanics	Mike	
Named for the modest wife of Pepin the Short, a bertha is a wide one of these blouse features	a collar	
"Rumor has it this ""Great"" Russian empress had insomnia; with all those lovers, who could sleep?"	Catherine the Great	
The double bassoon is also known by this name	Contrabassoon	
"Elton John & Kiki Dee had a No. 1 hit with ""Don't Go"" doing this"	Breaking My Heart	
In this 17th C. novel, Sancho Panza is promised, & eventually gets, the governorship of his own island	Don Quixote	
"Alexandra Ripley read this novel 6 times in preparation for writing its sequel, ""Scarlett"""	Gone with the Wind	
"This first host of ""The Tonight Show"" emceed ""Meeting of Minds"" for PBS in 1977"	Steve Allen	
"Poetically, tones are sometimes described adjectivally as this, from the Latin for ""sweet"""	dulcet	
2 colors called this aren't praising each other, they're directly opposite each other on a color wheel	Complementary colors	
"It's where I'm sitting ""just rolling along, just rolling along"""	on top of the world	
"On January 18, 1871 the German Empire's Wilhelm I received this title which means ""emperor"""	Kaiser	
A grub is this soft, thick stage of metamorphosis of flies, wasps & beetles	larva	
"In geometry it's a quadrilateral with 2 parallel sides; in anatomy, it's the smallest wrist bone"	Trapezoid	
"As a child, she was captured by the Hadatsahs and given the name which means ""bird woman"""	Sacajawea	
"Chloe, I need a Jan. 24, year 41 location on this Roman emperor, aka ""Little Boot""... cancel that; he's dead"	Caligula	
"But don't forget who's takin' you home and in whose arms you're gonna be, so darli	The Last Dance For Me"""		
There are first-person accounts of this volcano's eruption in 1767 (as there had been in 79 A.D.)	Vesuvius	
Treat Williams, Gary Sandy & Jim Belushi have all played the pirate king in this operetta	The Pirates of Penzance	
"The Hubble Space Telescope was deployed by this space shuttle; 3 years later the Endeavour fixed its mirror"	Discovery	
Thinking she's dressed as an Indian for a costume party on Dec. 16, 1773, Phoebe attends this Mass. event	Boston Tea Party	
Brighter in the night sky than any star is this planet that comes closest to the Earth	Venus	
Thunder Bay, a city in Ontario, is on Thunder Bay, an arm of this largest Great Lake	(Lake) Superior	
There's trouble in River City when professor Harold Hill comes a-calling in this musical	The Music Man	
In 1630 John Milton wrote a sonnet honoring this other famous sonneteer	William Shakespeare	
You have our word it's Broadway's longest-running nostalgic musical set in a high school	Grease	
"In 1994 Maureen McCormick, who played Marcia in ""The Brady Bunch"", appeared as Rizzo in this Broadway musical"	Grease	
This element, symbol Co, was once popular for making invisible ink	cobalt	
"A hot biomedical topic is apoptosis, the programmed ""suicide"" of these biological units"	cells	
"March 1942: He ""says 'I shall return'""; April 1951: ""Harry Orders Big Mac To Go"""	MacArthur	
In 1951 viewers found this Tennessee senator's organized crime hearings quite arresting	Estes Kefauver	
This word can mean unable to produce offspring or free from living microorganisms	sterile (sterility accepted)	
This dance was popular for decades in Brazil before achieving popularity in the U.S. around 1930	samba	
The Portland type of this substance is limestone & shale heated until almost fused, then ground	cement	
"Seldom does a first book contain so few unsuccessful things, said Amy Lowell of his ""Chicago Poems"""	Sandburg	
The Once and Future King	Camelot	
Fm is the chemical symbol for this element, discovered in the 20th century	Fermium	
In 1898 Britain leased the New Territories from China, adding to the area of this dependency	Hong Kong	
Along with pressure & elevation, breezes are mainly caused by differences in this between adjacent areas	temperature	
State of matter a substance is in after it's gone through evaporation	gaseous	
"Peter Straub & this master of horror were good friends long before they collaborated on ""The Talisman"""	Stephen King	
"Published in 1931, ""Safe Conduct"" is an autobiographical work by this ""Doctor Zhivago"" author"	Boris Pasternak	
"1968 musical that featured ""45 Minutes From Broadway"", ""Yankee Doodle Dandy"" & ""Harrigan"""	George M!	
Old name for Russia & 14 other republics until 1991: The ____ Union	the Soviet Union	
This attraction between atoms may be ionic, covalent or hydrogen	the bond	
Barons & churchmen drew up this 1215 document to reduce the power of England's King John	The Magna Carta	
"Being a surfer helped this Hawaiian musician ""Sleep Through The Static"""	Jack Johnson	
"Because the yoke originally was cut off, the name of this dress is Hawaiian for ""cut-off"""	a mu'umu'u	
December 8, 1980 in New York City	John Lennon	
"The Red Rover is a sea novel by this author of ""The Last of the Mohicans"""	James Fenimore Cooper	
"This group had 26 No. 1 country hits in the '80s, including ""Feels So Right"""	Alabama	
The instrument heard here, or what you might use to capture its sound	a recorder	
"He traveled the world & beyond with his novels ""Poland"", ""Caribbean"" & ""Space"""	(James) Michener	
Joey Heatherton was 15 going on 16, not 16 going on 17, when she understudied the role of Liesl in this musical	The Sound of Music	
The Rosebuds of this Northwest city were the first pro hockey team in the U.S.	Portland	
In 1889 this island joined up with Tobago as a single colony	Trinidad	
Indianapolis was laid out in a wheel pattern inspired by this other major city some 500 miles away	Washington, D.C.	
For the Cherokees this infamous trail led to Fort Gibson, Oklahoma	the Trail of Tears	
Charlotte Amalie, the capital of the U.S. Virgin Islands, is located on this island	St. Thomas	
"This ""great"" lake on the Arctic circle is the largest lake entirely within Canada"	Great Bear Lake	
In 969 the Fatimids conquered Egypt & made this city a center of the Muslim world	Cairo	
Vincent Price rap-narrates the now classic video to this Michael Jackson song	Thriller	
"In 1770 Capt. James Cook became the first European to sight Australia's fertile east coast, which he named ""New"" this"	South Wales	
About a third of this state lies north of the Arctic Circle	Alaska	
"This author who set ""The Return of the Native"" in Wessex had a terrier named Wessex"	(Thomas) Hardy	
"Hey, ""Don't Cry for Me""!  I won't get the lead in this musical, but I'll be great as Juan Peron"	Evita	
"Just using flour & water gives you unleavened bread; add this fungus to leaven it"	yeast	
English words drawn from the Algonquian language include moose, terrapin & this other word for groundhog	woodchuck	
This first U.S. first lady, a fine equestrienne, once rode a horse up the stairs of her uncle's house	Martha Washington	
"Henry Miller's ""The Colossus of Maroussi"" is an account of his travels in this country"	Greece	
Devoted fans of the hit musical about this dual personality are known as Jeckies	Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde	
The Big Dipper is part of this constellation	Ursa Major	
"1995's ""Carrington"" also portrays the life & loves of this Bloomsbury Group member who wrote ""Eminent Victorians"""	Lytton Strachey	
This mystic ate his last meal at the home of Prince Feliks Yusupov, one of the men who killed him	Rasputin	
"He published the first 4 of his fairy tales in an 1835 pamphlet; ""The Tinder Box"" was among them"	Hans Christian Andersen	
"In this novel, d'Artagnan, a native of Gascony, is described as ""Don Quixote at 18"""	The Three Musketeers	
During the Wars of the Roses, the houses of Lancaster & this one both claimed the English throne	York	
Knowing Me, Knowing You by Sam Carmichael	Mamma Mia	
Liszt, Borodin & Rimsky-Korsakov all wrote variations of this simple waltz	Chopsticks	
A little larger than the violin, it's the alto or tenor of the family	Viola	
The Treaty of Bretigny in 1360 brought a brief period of peace during this war	Hundred Years' War	
These ancient people referred to themselves as Hellenes	Greeks	
England & France fought the Battle of the Herrings in 1429, as this long, long conflict lurching was to a close	The Hundred Years' War	
Segregation was in effect long before this country formally introduced apartheid in 1948	South Africa	
...& the Blackhearts	Joan Jett	
"Peter Allen's song ""Quiet Please, There's a Lady on Stage"" was a tribute to this late star, once his mother-in-law"	Judy Garland	
"In old science, it's a type of ""generation"" of life from nonliving matter; it's also a type of ""combustion"""	spontaneous	
"Depending on the book, he could be a ""Jones"", a ""Sawyer"", or an ""Uncle"""	Tom	
In this process of cell division, unlike mitosis, a cell divides & halves the number of chromosomes	Meiosis	
Called by some the Father of Europe, he was crowned Emperor of the Romans December 25, 800	Charlemagne	
"In 2003 he & Art Garfunkel broke their ""Sounds of Silence"", reuniting for the Grammys & a new tour"	Paul Simon	
"It completes the Robert Browning line ""God's in His heaven..."""	...all's right with the world	
As a result of the Congress of Vienna in 1835, Sweden received Norway from this country	Denmark	
"2 of the 4 countries bordering Afghanistan whose names also end in ""stan"""	(2 of 4) Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan & Uzbekistan	
"He made his name in '50s gospel before ""twisting the night away"" as a pop superstar"	Sam Cooke	
This string instrument got its name from its old job of playing along with other instruments low notes	a double bass	
As this 1931 novel begins, Wang Lung travels to the house of Hwang to fetch his bride	The Good Earth	
His contribution to science was the celluloid strip used in film, not the sanitary strip used in hotels	John Wesley Hyatt	
Mercader is going after Trotsky on Aug. 20, 1940!  I need the site!  In Coyoacan, in this country?  I'll be there in 20!	Mexico	
This process of making rubber harder & more elastic by heating it with sulfur bears the name of a Roman god	vulcanization	
"In ""Beowulf"", this monster regularly devours Hrothgar's sleeping warriors"	Grendel	
"When this ""dark"" knight sacked Limoges, France in 1370, he killed more than 3,000 citizens"	the Black Prince	
If your sheet music features no sharps or flats, just a treble clef, this is the key	C	
"The petals of the English daisy do this at night; the flowers of the scarlet pimpernel, when bad weather approaches"	fold up (or close)	
He published his quantum theory in 1900 while a professor of physics in Berlin	(Max) Planck	
About 1 hydrogen atom in 6,500 is this isotope	deuterium	
In 1863 Prince William of Denmark ascended this country's throne as King George I	Greece	
"This ""Lord of the Rings"" author served as Merton professor of English at Oxford from 1945 to 1959"	J.R.R. Tolkien	
On Feb. 12, 1912, the last emperor of this dynasty abdicated, ending more than 3,000 years of Chinese monarchy	Manchu	
"Between 1951 & 1977 this ""automotive"" foundation pumped about $290 million into public TV"	the Ford Foundation	
Sadiq Al-Mahdi, great-grandson of the Mahdi, led this largest African country from 1986-1989	The Sudan	
Romania was one Warsaw Pact country that didn't participate in the 1968 invasion of this country	Czechoslovakia	
Reverend Moore,  Ariel,  Ren	Footloose	
In 1893 Francisco Fanciulli succeeded this man as leader of the U.S. Marine Band	John Philip Sousa	
"In 1999 this group sang, ""Maria, you've gotta see her, go insane and out of your mind"""	Blondie	
Of the 15 expulsions of senators in the Senate's 215-year history, 11 took place in this year	1861	
Prior to his election to the Tennessee legislature in 1821, this frontiersman was a Justice of the Peace	Davy Crockett	
In 1936 this 16-year-old succeeded his father, Fuad I, as king of Egypt	Farouk I	
Of the 3 main classes of rock, this one is further divided into plutonic & volcanic types	igneous	
Of the 3 main classes of rock, this one is further divided into plutonic & volcanic types	igneous	
Named for a monastery, this group led by Robespierre instigated France's reign of terror in 1793	the Jacobins	
"In 303 A.D. Diocletian forbade Christian worship; this man, his ""Great"" successor, revoked the edict 10 years later"	Constantine	
1 of Denmark's 2 overseas regions	Faroe Islands & Greenland	
"In ""Alexander's Feast"" John Dryden wrote, ""None but the brave deserves"" them"	the fair	
"From the early 1900s, his ""The First Men in the Moon"" & ""The War in the Air"" proved eerily prophetic"	H.G. Wells	
"Intact DNA was recently extracted from one of these ancient ""royal relics"""	mummy	
"The 1924 musical revue ""I'll Say She Is"" made these goofy brothers legitimate Broadway stars"	the Marx Brothers	
"In 1991 Robert Pirsig published ""Lila"", a follow-up to his classic ""Zen and the Art of"" this"	Motorcycle Maintenance	
Timpani are multiple mounted ones of these instruments	drums	
"At the time of her death in 1974, she was writing a sequel to ""Every Night, Josephine!"""	Jacqueline Susann	
This Borgia, seen here, looks far more innocent than all those nasty rumors would imply	Lucrezia Borgia	
"His 1983 hit ""Beat It"" featured Eddie Van Halen on gutiar"	Michael Jackson	
The Houyhnhnms in this 1726 satire have the forms of horses	Gulliver's Travels	
"In 1984 this comic parodied Michael Jackson's ""Beat It"" with record & video versions of ""Eat It"""	Weird Al Yankovic	
HIstoric nickname for the curved region between the Mediterranean & Mesopotamia	the Fertile Crescent	
"A jacket named for this ""Spirit""ed aviator became extremely popular in 1927"	Lindbergh	
In the 1960s, many Barbie doll fashions, & even Barbie's bouffant hairdo, were inspired by this First Lady	Jacqueline Kennedy (Onassis)	
Alexander the Great led his troops as far east as the Hyphasis, now the Beas, river in this country	India	
Through his experiments with pea plants, he discovered the basic principles of heredity	Mendel	
The Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros lies in this ocean in the Mozambique Channel	Indian Ocean	
The grandson of a humorist, the son of a children's author, his first novel in 1974 was huge bestseller	Peter Benchley	
After she died in 1886, her sister Lavinia discovered hundreds of her poems in little handsewn booklets	Emily Dickinson	
His grandfather Thomas Gore was a senator from Oklahoma	Gore Vidal	
Known for his long wall, he also built Rome's magnificent Athenaeum	Hadrian	
"This group's Kerry Livgren wrote ""Dust in the Wind"" after reading a book of Native American poetry"	Kansas	
A religious kaside poem praised God, this man or his son-in-law, Ali Ibn Abi Talib, the fourth caliph	Muhammad	
Dorothy's felt-tipped pens	Parker's markers	
"Ernest Bloch's orchestral work ""Helvetia, The Land Of Mountains Amd Its People"" honors this country, his birthplace"	Switzerland	
This river is responsible for irrigating about 6 million acres of land in Egypt	Nile	
"First published in 1835, ""Berence"" has been called ""his most horrifying tale"""	Edgar Allan Poe	
"This monk might have said, ""Give peas a chance""; he used pea plants to discover the laws of heredity"	Gregor Mendel	
"T.S. Eliot dedicated ""The Waste Land"" to this poet & critic who helped revise it"	Ezra Pound	
It's the more common name for solid CO<sub>2</sub>	dry ice	
Graphite is a soft form of this element	carbon	
The knight is the first character to tell his story in this Chaucer classic	The Canterbury Tales	
"Edwin Arlington Robinson character who ""one calm summer night, went home and put a bullet through his head"""	Richard Cory	
"1720's ""The Adventures of Captain Singleton"" was his next novel after ""Robinson Crusoe"""	Daniel Defoe	
This river enters Egypt near Lake Nasser	the Nile	
"Famous 1863 speech by President Lincoln that began, ""Four score and seven years ago..."""	the Gettysburg Address	
"He wrote the song that says, ""I get no kick from champagne"""	Cole Porter	
"Inside the heart there are 4 of these; 2 semilunar, a bicuspid & a tricuspid"	valves	
One of the USA's greatest novelists, he lived most of his life, from 1876 to 1916, in England	Henry James	
"In Robert Browning's ""Pippa Passes"", ""God's in"" this place -- ""all's right with the world"""	His heaven	
"Her self-titled debut album, which included the hit ""Vision of Love"", reached the top of the charts in 1990"	Mariah Carey	
It's elemental: Zn	zinc	
"According to the title of an Allan Gurganus novel, Lucy Marsden, the ""Oldest Living"" one of these, ""Tells All"""	Confederate widow	
In palynology scientists study the past distribution of seed plants by looking at grains of this	pollen	
This capital city lies on the broad & shallow plain formed by the Moskva River & tributaries	Moscow	
This type of headlight that uses a trace of bromine or iodine vapor is the standard in auto manufacture	halogen	
Denmark's highest point, Yding Skovhoj, rises only 568 feet on this peninsula	Jutland	
A series of dreams he had about lions helped inspire his Narnia books	C.S. Lewis	
"Leo Tolstoy's story about Hadji Murat, ""who slew the Russian swine"", opens in this present-day Russian republic"	Chechnya
"This musical direction, Italian for ""lively"", is also the title of a Rodgers & Hammerstein musical"	Allegro	
"Venice, Italy is the ""mistress of"" this arm of the Mediterranean"	the Adriatic	
The X-Men know it's a change in a DNA molecule of a cell that's passed on to an offspring cell	mutation	
Musical instruments such as marimbas & maracas are classified as this type	Percussion	
"With ""Pandora"", she recently began a new series of vampire tales"	Anne Rice	
Soon after Ataturk became Turkey's president in 1923, he banned the wearing of this traditional hat	fez	
"19th c. feminist Catharine Beecher wrote ""The American Woman's Home"" with this more famous sister"	Harriet Beecher Stowe	
"A political or social system; an ""ancien"" one governed France until 1789"	a regime	
The flask that this British scientist invented in the 1890s was a predecessor of the Thermos	James Dewar	
Beverage World reports that in 1996 the U.S. exceeded this country in number of breweries for the first time	Germany	
In 1897 this son of slaves discovered 3 new species of fungi which are named for him, including taphrina carveri	George Washington Carver	
After losing his Senate seat to John F. Kennedy, he was made U.S. representative at the United Nations	Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.	
"A 1993 film was actually ""Thirty Two Short Films About"" this pianist known for interpreting Bach"	Glenn Gould	
No, it's true! A crwth is a Welsh version of this ancient stringed instrument	a lyre	
"This part of the United Kingdom is called ""Cymru"" in its native language"	Wales	
"He finished writing ""Evangeline"" on his 40th birthday"	Longfellow	
One reason this fascist Italian dictator adopted the Roman salute may have been a fear of shaking hands	Mussolini	
Topps' 1952 series No. 311 was this player's first card & is a holy grail among collectors	Mickey Mantle	
"In 1852 this ""Scarlet Letter"" author wrote a campaign biography for his friend Franklin Pierce"	Nathaniel Hawthorne	
Under the 1815 Congress of Vienna, Sweden was given this neighbor that was taken from Denmark	Norway	
Cavatica is the last name of the title character of this 1952 E.B. White novel	Charlotte's Web	
As queen of the Netherlands during WWI, she helped maintain Dutch neutrality	Wilhelmina	
"8th most populous country in the world, this ""Bengal Nation"" was once East Pakistan"	Bangladesh	
Scene by the brook is the title of one movement of this Beethoven symphony in F major	the 6th symphony	
In 1989 she released “Express Yourself” & got divorced from Sean Penn	Madonna	
In the 1780s William Herschel determined its axial inclination & found it had ice caps	Mars	
What makes Rigel the brightest star in this constellation is that it's really 3 stars (& they're not in the belt)	Orion	
Tikal became an important ceremonial center of this civilization, prior to 300 A.D.	the Mayans	
"The pH in pH scale stands for the ""potential of "" this element"	Hydrogen	
Between 1850 & 1864, the Taiping Rebellion claimed an estimated 20,000,000 lives in this country	China	
In breathing it's the gas you expel to the atmosphere	Carbon Dioxide	
In 1914 German troops came within 15 miles of this capital before being repulsed at the Marne	Paris	
Rockets produce 7 million pounds of thrust during takeoff of this vehicle, the space transportation system	the Shuttle	
"A 1795 partition ended its existence as a separate state in E. Europe; in 1918 it was back as a republic"	Poland	
"In 1833 a French historian said that this author had built ""a cathedral as solid as the foundations of the other (one)"""	Victor Hugo	
"Peter Tchaikovsky wrote 3 ballets: ""Swan Lake"", ""Sleeping Beauty"" & this perennial Christmas favorite"	The Nutcracker	
"Sherry & ""December 1963 (Oh, What A Night)"""	Jersey Boys	
On Aug. 19, 1942 an Allied force took heavy casualties in an attack on this fort fortified by Germans	Dieppe	
This Polish-French composer who was born in 1810 composed a polonaise when he was only 7	(Fredric) Chopin	
"In concert hall acoustics, it's the opposite of reflection; the Sabin is a unit of it"	absorption	
"Named for a steamboat captain, this ""Mother Church of Country Music"" was home to the Opry for 31 years"	Ryman Auditorium	
"The Burr Oak, Iowa hotel in which this ""Little House on the Prairie"" author briefly lived is a museum"	Laura Ingalls Wilder	
5 weeks after surrendering to the Allies in 1943, Italy declared war on this country	Germany	
This treaty that created the European Union is named for the Dutch city where it was drawn up in 1991	Maastricht	
In 73 B.C. this Thracian gladiator began a 2-year slave revolt against Roman rule	Spartacus	
"In 2005, she topped the album charts with ""The Emancipation of Mimi"""	Mariah Carey	
"An 1894 Anthony Hope romance was titled this ""of Zenda"""	the Prisoner	
"This Washington volcano erupted on November 22, 1842; it blew its top again in 1980"	Mount St. Helens	
Cuban hill that was stormed by the Rough Riders on July 1, 1898	San Juan Hill	
"This author of espionage novels like ""Our Man in Havana"" was a popular candidate for the prize"	Graham Greene	
In 1368 the Ming dynasty didn't just take over this country, they urned it	China	
"Her big sister Loretta Lynn wrote her 1st single, ""I've Cried The Blue Right Out Of My Eyes"""	Crystal Gayle	
In 1992 Nathan E. Cook, the last veteran of this war, died	the Spanish-American War	
In 1502, during his last voyage to the Americas, he sighted what is now Nicaragua	Christopher Columbus	
J.J. Dessalines, who bore scars from his master's whip, wanted to kill all whites on his island, now called this	Hispaniola	
The tiny nation of Andorra is located in the Pyrenees Mountains between France & this country	Spain	
Launched by the Soviets in 1957, the 1st living creature to orbit the Earth was one of these	Dog (Laika)	
"In his 1st book, ""The Boo"", Pat Conroy wrote about this South Carolina military academy, his alma mater"	The Citadel	
This late 18th- early 19th-century French diplomat served at least seven different regimes	Talleyrand	
"Since the 1600s this 8-letter word has meant men of letters; a punning form of it refers to celebrities"	literati	
The penultimate Anglo-Saxon king, Edward was known by this pious title	Edward the Confessor	
"In 1900 he wrote the line, ""The road to the City of Emeralds is paved with yellow brick"""	L. Frank Baum	
The Paraguay River divides Paraguay into 2 major regions:  Occidental Paraguay & this	Oriental Paraguay	
Once the capital of New Netherland, New York City was originally named this	New Amsterdam	
Shaw's scorched saint	St. Joan of Arc	
The lid seen here depicts a bird in this dynasty that was ruling China in 101	Han	
In 1927 the 2nd Treaty of Tirana established a 20-year defensive alliance between Italy & this country	Albania	
"In a large painting called ""Models"", this pointillist included a glimpse of his masterpiece ""La Grande Jatte"""	Seurat	
"This Frenchman did not allow the publication of his ""Carnival of the Animals"" during his lifetime"	Camille Saint-Saens	
"This superstar was born in Saginaw in 1950 & by 1961, signed with Motown's Berry Gordy; isn't he lovely?"	Stevie Wonder	
"This group's 1995 album ""Pulse"" includes a live performance of all the songs from ""Dark Side of the Moon"""	Pink Floyd	
"This ""Lolita"" author remembers his childhood in St. Petersburg in his memoir ""Speak, Memory"""	Vladimir Nabokov	
This word can mean to weaken a solution by adding water, or can describe a solution that's been weakened	Dilute	
This title French schoolgirl created by Ludwig Bemelmans is often found at the end of the line	Madeline	
"This Pole died in 1543, days after receiving the first copy of his book ""On the Revolutions of Heavenly Bodies"""	Copernicus	
Pal, a male collie, played the lead in the 1943 movie version of this Eric Knight novel	Lassie Come Home	
"While living on a Maine farm, he wrote ""Charlotte's Web"", which is set on a farm"	E.B. White	
In 1524 peasants, influenced by the teachings of this German religious leader, started an uprising	Martin Luther	
A runner ran 25 miles & died after announcing Greeks had defeated them in the Battle of Marathon	the Persians	
"Her bestsellers ""Chances"", ""Lucky"" & ""Lady Boss"" all revolve around Lucky Santangelo"	Jackie Collins	
This medal metal is usually an alloy of tin & copper	bronze	
In about 1403 Belgrade, now the capital of Yuogslavia, became the capital of this country	Serbia	
"In 1192 Yoritomo, the leader of the Minamoto Clan controlling Japan, was given this title that means ""great general"""	shogun	
Physicist John Wheeler compared possible passages through space & time to the work of this creature	a worm	
He was a disc jockey on San Francisco's soul station KSOL before teaming on records with the Family Stone	Sly	
Nuremberg & Augsburg are cities in this southern German state	Bavaria	
The number of planets in our solar system larger than the Earth	4	
It's the nursery rhyme that inspired the title of a famous musical based on a 1913 G.B. Shaw work	London Bridge
This composer & Freemason belonged to Suomi Lodge No. 1 in Helsinki	Sibelius	
"On a 1987 trip to China, this author of ""The Joy Luck Club"" met 2 of her half-sisters for the first time"	Amy Tan	
It's where Fats Domino found his thrill in 1956	Blueberry Hill
Joshua Tree National Monument near Palm Springs in this state was made a national park in 1994	California	
James Connnolly & Patrick Pearse were among those executed for leading this April 1916 rebellion	Easter Rebellion	
"Telluride's festival for this ""colorful"" style of country music is a good place to fiddle around"	bluegrass	
"In this novel, Javert says, ""There is a brigand, there is a convict called Jean Valjean, and I have got him!"""	Les Miserables	
From its Latin name argentum, Ag is the chemical symbol for this metallic element	silver	
2 of the 3 member nations of the Triple Alliance at the beginning of World War I	Austria-Hungary & Germany (also Italy)	
The first recorded eruption of this Sicilian volcano occurred in about 1500 B.C.	Mount Etna	
Tracking these, coast guard rates them as bergy bits, growlers, small, medium, & large	icebergs	
"From the French for ""to raise"", it's an embankment designed to prohibit the overflow of water"	a levee	
In 1963 Ahmed Ben Bella became the first president of this north African country	Algeria	
"As well as the ""Iliad"" & ""Odyssey"", a number of hymns are attributed to him"	Homer	
"In ""Little Women"", this youngest of the 4 sisters is ""a most important person, in her own opinion at least"""	Amy	
"A magnetic field is measured in units called gauss or this after a real ""coil"" guy"	Nikola Tesla	
New Hampshire, a poem with notes & grace notes, earned this poet the first of his four Pulitzers	Robert Frost	
He was the 118th man to fly across the Atlantic Ocean	Charles Lindbergh	
The youngest branch of the U.S. military, it was created soon after World War II	the Air Force	
This state's constitution of 1849 led married women retain control of their own property	California	
"This author's ""The Man Who Would Be King"" has been called the perfect short story"	Rudyard Kipling	
African Game Trails	Teddy Roosevelt	
A pair of pliers is an example of this type of simple machine	a lever	
Germany's worst terrorist gang finally disbanded in 1998, though Baader died in 1977 & this co-leader in 1976	Ulrike Meinhof	
To the nearest 100, the number of different elements we know about	100	
This 1532 work is dedicated to Lorenzo the Magnificent, son of Piero de Medici	The Prince	
"In 2002 Christopher Hitchens published a book called ""Why"" this great anti-totalitarian writer ""Matters"""	George Orwell	
Yding Skovhoj, Denmark's highest point, is located on this peninsula	Jutland	
"The name of this small harpsichord may come from the Latin for ""rod"" or for ""maiden"""	a virginal	
The academy didn't have time to recognize this author, killed by Spanish nationalists in 1936 at age 38	Federico Garcia Lorca	
Almost all weather takes place in this lowest part of the atmosphere	Troposphere	
Northern California's Mount Shasta & Lassen Peak are at the southern end of this mountain range	the Cascades	
In the 1970s Milan Kundera was stripped of his citizenship by this country's government	Czechoslovakia	
"This 1929 Thomas Wolfe novel is subtitled ""A Story of the Buried Life"""	Look Homeward Angel	
"In ""Little Women"" she tells sisters Jo, Amy & Beth, ""It's so dreadful to be poor"""	Meg	
This ConAgra sweet popcorn treat comes in butter toffee & caramel flavors	Fiddle Faddle	
"1941: ""Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy"""	The Andrews Sisters	
"A famous line in a James Weldon Johnson poem says, ""Young man -- young man -- your arm's too short to"" do this"	box with God	
Of Pastism, Presentism or Futurism, the literary movement that began around 1909	Futurism	
TMZ went on the literary beat in 2009 when this partner of Jessica Lange was busted for a DUI	Sam Shepard	
"His ""From Here to Eternity"" was the top-selling novel of 1951"	James Jones	
In a Thomas Hardy novel, Michael Henchard is this title mayor	the Mayor of Casterbridge	
"With its food served ""With the Speed of Sound"", the Top Hat chain in Oklahoma changed its name to this in 1959"	Sonic	
"A visit to Toynbee Hall, a settlement house in England, inspired Jane Addams to found this ""house"""	Hull House	
"Matter has the ""potential"" form of this by virtue of its position or structure"	energy	
"He wrote his 1914 poem ""Chicago"" while working as a newspaper writer in that city"	Carl Sandburg	
Union with this Baltic country in 1386 made Poland Europe's largest country	Lithuania	
"The last of the 13 colonies to be founded, its ""Mother City"", Savannah, was settled in 1733"	Georgia	
"The Ladies Who Lunch love this composer's ""Company"", which began keeping company on B'way again in 2006"	Stephen Sondheim	
On Sept. 2, 31 B.C. the forces of Octavian defeated Mark Antony's troops at the battle of this Greek promontory	Actium	
Icky Thump was a No. 1 modern rock hit for this duo	the White Stripes	
Selma Lagerlof, the first woman to win the Nobel Prize for Lit., was also the first person from this country to win it	Sweden	
This innermost & larger of Mars' 2 moons orbits the planet every 7.65 hours	Phobos	
In 1912 he eloped with Freida von Richthofen, sister of the famed aviator	D.H. Lawrence	
On July 22, 1969 he designated Juan Carlos as his successor in Spain	Francisco Franco	
"Sarcasm aside, this word from the Greek for ""burning"" describes a substance that causes corrosion"	caustic	
In 1827 Allan Cunningham became the first European to explore this continent's Darling Downs	Australia	
This type of cable has insulated conducting material around a separately insulated conducting tube	coaxial	
"The leader of the post-WWII style, sometimes called action painting; his work is seen here"	(Jackson) Pollock	
Named for an explorer (not the brothers, eh?), this longest river in Canada empties into the Beaufort Sea	the MacKenzie River	
"He recorded his 1982 hit album, ""Nebraska"", as a series of demos on a 4-track machine at home"	Bruce Springsteen	
This state has a Custer County as well as one named Big Horn	Montana	
"This wild west ""Belle"" served time in prison for horse theft in 1883"	Belle Starr	
...Nearly every man in the village agreed she was the finest collie he had ever laid eyes on	Lassie	
In astronomy, Ptolemy's geocentric model gave way to the Copernican one described by this adjective	heliocentric	
"When this Italian explorer was a kid, his dad went to China without him; when he was a teen, his dad took him along"	Marco Polo	
"The working title of this musical was ""Welcome to Berlin"""	Cabaret	
More than 250,000 died in fighting before France granted this African nation independence July 3, 1962	Algeria	
During an 1832 expedition, Lake Itasca was discovered to be the source of this river	the Mississippi	
"(Hi, I'm Marvin Hamlisch, here at the Hollywood Bowl)  I composed the music for this Broadway smash that includes the song... (""One"")"	A Chorus Line	
"Born Amandine Aurore Lucile Dupin, she chose this pseudonym for her 1st novel, 1832's ""Indiana"""	George Sand	
"Poet Laureate of the U.S. from 1993 to 1995, she won a 1987 Pulitzer for ""Thomas and Beulah"""	Rita Dove	
Davy Crockett was among nearly 200 men who died defending this mission-fortress in San Antonio, Texas	the Alamo	
1985: The national finals in this 5-letter cowboy competition are held in Vegas for the first time	rodeo	
Hold the phone! said Elisha Gray & Thomas Edison, who both sued this Scottish-born inventor (& lost)	Alexander Graham Bell	
"He wrote ""Bech: A Book"", ""Bech Is Back"" & ""Bech At Bay"" in addition to his ""Rabbit"" novels"	(John) Updike	
In this 3-part work, the main character encounters Nimrod, Ulysses, Muhammad & Thomas Aquinas	"\""The Divine Comedy\"""	
Mr. Vicious' offspring	Sid's kids	
19th century feminists denounced the 14th Amendment for putting this 4-letter word in the constitution	male	
This musical style that developed in the 1940s is nicknamed R&B	rhythm & blues	
In this Wilkie Collins novel, Sergeant Cuff searches for the missing title diamond	The Moonstone	
He's the trumpeter featured here on an oldie but goodie	Herb Alpert	
As it has no mass, this particle travels at about 186,000 miles per second	photon	
Mark Twain's real middle name	Langhorne	
"Mary Higgins Clark's recent book ""Silent Night"" takes place on the eve of this holiday"	Christmas	
18-year-old Carrie Meeber leaves her Wisconsin home & moves to Chicago in this Theodore Dreiser novel	Sister Carrie	
"The revue ""Sophisticated Ladies"" is based on the music of this ""noble"" composer & bandleader"	Duke Ellington	
"Kansas City (where ""ev'rythin's up to date"")"	Oklahoma!	
When Henry Cavendish discovered this lightest-known element, he called it inflammable air	Hydrogen	
In 1995 Dr. Robert Lefkowitz discovered sperm uses this sense to track down the egg	smell	
"Seen here, this is a real ""hands-on"" instrument"	bongo drums	
Thomas Savery's contribution to British history was patenting the first of these engines in 1698	a steam engine	
"It makes sense that this is ""The Mountain State"" since it lies entirely within the Appalachians"	West Virginia	
This drug marketed as Motrin was patented in Great Britain in 1964	Ibuprofen	
In 1867 Emperor Franz Joseph created this dual monarchy	Austria-Hungary	
At its independence in 1957, the Gold Coast took the name of this medieval west African empire	Ghana	
In 1541 Pedro de Valdivia, a soldier of this Inca conqueror, founded the city of Santiago in Chile	Pizarro	
Elected the 19th U.S. president in 1876, Rutherford B. Hayes was a member of this political party	Republican	
This instrument that's about half the size of a flute is the smallest woodwind in an orchestra	Piccolo	
"Ray Brown, Percy Heath & Charles Mingus were ""stand-up"" guys as masters of this instrument"	the double bass	
General Mills makes this snack with an unusual funnel shape in 6 flavors	Bugles	
"In 1928 this Republican campaigned for president promising ""a chicken in every pot"""	Hoover	
"The 158-Pound Marriage, ""The Cider House Rules"", ""A Son of the Circus"""	John Irving	
If you're looking for Mr. (Robin) Goodfellow, ask for this Shakespearean character	Puck	
It's the more familiar way that Holy Roman Emperor Charles the Great is known	Charlemagne	
In 1932 this inventor figured out a better way than using Iceland spar to polarize light	Edwin Land	
Austen's walking sticks	Jane's canes	
This conductor, later seen on television, gained fame substituting on a 1943 New York Philharmonic radio broadcast	Leonard Bernstein	
In 1965 President Johnson flew to this state to sign the Medicare bill with a former president as witness	Missouri	
To research this 1958 novel, Leon Uris reportedly traveled about 12,000 miles in Israel	Exodus	
"In a Billy Joel hit, she's ""looking for a downtown man"""	an Uptown Girl	
"In 1934 & 1935 this Chinese Communist leader led the Red Army on the ""Long March"""	Mao Tse-tung	
Joseph Heller used the Mediterranean island of Pianosa as the setting for this 1961 WWII novel	Catch-22	
Of the noble gases, it's first, alphabetically, was the first discovered & is the most abundant in air	Argon	
One of the 4 notes to which violin strings are tuned	(1 of 4) A, D, E, or G	
Dongfang, China, on Hainan Island, & northern Vietnam's Haiphong lie on this gulf	Gulf of Tonkin	
Activia says its yogurt is creamy & full of this type of culture that boosts health	probiotic	
The north part of this Pacific sea off Australia's Queensland state is known as the Solomon Sea	Coral Sea	
He died at age 28,  just 5 years after his Civil War novel was published	"Stephen Crane (\""The Red Badge of Courage\"")"	
This Holy Roman empress was also the queen of Hungary & Bohemia from 1740 to 1780	Maria Theresa	
A Bell For Adano	John Hersey	
In 1969 Johnny Cash had a hit with this Shel Silverstein song	A Boy Named Sue	
"Despite the name, a substance gains electrons in this process, which puts the ""red"" in redox"	reduction	
"She refused a 1990 Grammy for best alternative performance for ""I Do Not Want What I Haven't Got"""	(Sinead) O'Connor	
The B-52's headed up the charts when they headed on down to this place	Love Shack	
"This Indian ""king"" for whom a war against American colonists was named was tracked down & killed in 1676"	Philip	
This most popular of Zane Grey's books featured a gunslinger named Lassiter & Jane Withersteen, a Mormon heiress	Riders of the Purple Sage	
"Kids & ""Put On A Happy Face"""	Bye Bye Birdie	
His Piano Concerto No. 18, K. 456, was written for Viennese virtuoso Maria Theresia von Paradis	Mozart	
His first law of planetary motion states the planets' orbits are ellipses with the sun at one focus	Johannes Kepler	
In January 1935 she became the first woman to fly solo from Hawaii to the U.S. mainland	Amelia Earhart	
"In ""The Village Blacksmith"", Longfellow wrote of this ""Sounding"" object that the Blacksmith's hammer strikes"	an anvil	
"Concerning his ""Alice in Wonderland"" books, he said, ""I meant nothing but nonsense"""	Lewis Carroll	
"In a poem in this 1855 collection, the author introduced himself as ""Walt Whitman, an American"""	Leaves of Grass	
"In 1677 this dramatist's play ""Phedre"" was produced & he became Louis XIV's official historian"	Jean Racine	
On Feb. 8, 1904 this country attacked Port Arthur, a Chinese port leased by the Russians, beginning a 19-month war	Japan	
"In 1999 this Broadway musical was advertised with the line: ""Before the Century Ends, See How It All Began"""	Ragtime	
In early drafts, the heroine of this novel was named Pansy & her family home was called Fontenoy Hall	Gone with the Wind	
"In 1917 L. Frank Baum wrote about ""The Lost Princess of"" this place"	Oz	
"Charles Perrault's 1697 work ""Contes de Ma Mere l'Oye"" was a collection of these"	Mother Goose stories	
"Dominick Dunne set part of his novel ""People Like Us"" in the home the Grenvilles lived in in this book"	The Two Mrs. Grenvilles	
At the end of their story, one returns to his estate, one marries a rich widow & one becomes a monk	The Three Musketeers	
"He collaborated with ex-wife Margaret Bourke White on documentaries but not on ""God's Little Acre"""	Erskine Caldwell	
"In 1889 this ""colossal"" man's British South African Company received a charter to develop Malawi"	(Cecil) Rhodes	
In 1610 this Italian made his biggest discovery: the 4 largest moons of Jupiter	Galileo	
"Her novel ""The Shipping News"" has won several awards, including the 1994 Pulitzer Prize"	Anne Proulx	
This country is so huge that it occupies nearly half of South America's land area	Brazil	
"This ""stately"" river carved the Black Canyon as well as the Grand Canyon"	Colorado River	
Stephen Crane published this classic book about the Civil War when he was 23	The Red Badge of Courage	
"In 1981 this group topped the charts singing, ""Here I am, the one that you love, askin' for another day"""	Air Supply	
A horse's hooves are made up of this protein, the same protein found in your fingernails	Keratin	
Ideally, this, the apparent boundary between the sky & the Earth, is at 90 degrees from the zenith	Horizon	
"As a youngster this ""Billy Budd"" author worked in his brother's fur store in Albany"	Herman Melville	
"Before playing ""Patriot Games"", all his military experience was in ROTC at Loyola College in Baltimore"	Tom Clancy	
Lionel Hampton	vibraphone	
This Leoncavallo opera of 1892 has a Commedia Dell'Arte playlet within it	Pagliacci	
It's defined as an atom or group of atoms that has an electrical charge	Ion	
"The title of his 1840 novel ""The Pathfinder"" refers to Natty Bumppo"	(James Fenimore) Cooper	
This 3-word Virginia village, site of a surrender, was made a National Historic Park in 1954	Appomattox Court House	
"This ""Lolita"" author began writing in English while living in France"	Vladimir Nabokov	
2 songs from this Civil War epic were nominated for Academy Awards in 2004	Cold Mountain	
A brain disease is named for Hans Creutzfeldt & this man who also described it around 1920	Alfons Jakob	
The Liberty Bell cracked July 8, 1835 while tolling this Chief Justice's death	(John) Marshall	
"In 1967 Dionne Warwick sang, ""While combing my hair, now, and wondering what dress to wear, now, I"" do this"	say a little prayer for you	
"Only Dag Hammarskjold & Erik Karlfeldt have been awarded a Nobel Prize this way; it's not allowed anyore"	posthumously	
The book of Matthew, Mark, Luke or John	Gospel	
Iraklion-born Nikos Kazantzakis is best known for this 1946 novel	Zorba the Greek	
"A puritanical tale: ""A Note From Miss Johansson"""	The Scarlet Letter	
"Though the Supreme Court said in the 1830s this tribe was its own ""nation"" within Georgia, it didn't happen"	Cherokee	
Cervantes' Alonso Quijano changes his name to this, after reading romances of chivalry	Don Quixote	
Phytology is another name for this, the study of plants	botany	
Historic ones of these occurred on St. Bartholomew's Day in 1572 & St. Valentine's Day in 1929	massacres	
"This flamboyant pianist said he did ""Reader's Digest versions of concertos"""	Liberace	
"His ""Fictional Memoir"" about his last African safari was published in 1999, 38 years after his death"	Ernest Hemingway	
"Al Hirt jazzed up this Rimsky-Korsakov tune for the '60s ""Green Hornet""' TV series"	Flight Of The Bumblebee	
T.S. Eliot	Stearns	
In 1801 this American boat designer tried to sell his submarine to Napoleon	Fulton	
"In ""Julia"", Jane Fonda played Lillian Hellman & Jason Robards played this author, her lover"	Dashiell Hammett	
A 1725 notebook of compositions by this Baroque master bears the name of a wife who bore him 13 children	Johann Sebastian Bach	
"He died on May 24, 1543, just after receiving the first copy of his book ""On the Revolutions of Heavenly Bodies"""	Nicolaus Copernicus	
This river that rises at Lake Itasca drains about 1/8 of the North American continent	Mississippi River	
This South Dakota peak near Rapid City was named for a New York attorney, who represented mining investors	Mount Rushmore	
Believed to be part black & part Native American, he was a leader & fatality in the 1770 Boston Massacre	Crispus Attucks	
"1915's ""The Metamorphosis"" is one of the best-known works by this Czech-born author"	Franz Kafka	
These professional warriors wore 2 swords as a symbol of their caste	Samurai	
This form of light opera with spoken dialogue evolved from the opera comique & led to the musical	Operetta	
This thermometer developer discovered that the boiling point of a liquid varies with atmospheric pressure	Fahrenheit	
France derives a higher percentage of its electricity from this energy source than any other country	nuclear power	
Jim Henson's Creature Shop created a dancing pushmi-pullyu for the musical about this doctor who talks to animals	Doctor Dolittle	
This geometric area is seen here in the 1890s, when it got its name after a gift from New York City's Italians	Columbus Circle	
Around 2,000 years ago, members of this large African ethnolinguistic group began settling in Angola	Bantu	
Centuries-long Iberian prosecution of heretics: The Spanish ____	the Spanish Inquisition	
When the Earth's magnetosphere interacts with this flow of charged particles from the sun, auroras are produced	the solar wind	
"Charles Dickens' ""A Tale of Two Cities"" takes place during this struggle"	the French Revolution