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reentry_emis.html
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<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Object Re-entry Emissions</title>
</head>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US">
<head profile="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>Atmospheric Composition and Air Quality Group</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css" media="screen" />
<style type="text/css" media="screen">
#page { background: url("./themes/default/images/kubrickbgwide.jpg") repeat-y top; border: none; }
</style>
<script src="https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-latest.min.js"></script>
<script src="//unpkg.com/globe.gl"></script>
<!-- begin gallery scripts -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./plugins/featured-content-gallery/css/jd.gallery.css.php" type="text/css" media="screen" charset="utf-8"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./plugins/featured-content-gallery/css/jd.gallery.css" type="text/css" media="screen" charset="utf-8"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./plugins/featured-content-gallery/scripts/mootools.v1.11.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./plugins/featured-content-gallery/scripts/jd.gallery.js.php"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./plugins/featured-content-gallery/scripts/jd.gallery.transitions.js"></script>
<!-- end gallery scripts -->
<!---<style type="text/css"></style>
#headerimg h1 a, #headerimg h1 a:visited, #headerimg .description { color: #FFFFFF; }
--->
</head>
<body>
<div id="page">
<!---<style>.color-box{background-color: white; width: 917px; height: 42px; margin-left:32px; margin-top:-52px; border-color:black; border-style:solid; border-width:1px}</style>
<style>.transparent-box{background-color: transparent; width: 917px; height: 162px; margin-left:32px; margin-top:-42px; border-color:transparent}</style>--->
<div id="header">
<div id="headerimg">
<h1><a style="color:black" href="http://maraisresearchgroup.co.uk/"><div class="transparent-box">Atmospheric Composition and Air Quality Group</div></a></h1>
<h1><a href="http://maraisresearchgroup.co.uk/"><div class="transparent-box"></div></a></h1>
<div class="description"></div>
</div>
<!--Navigation bar-->
<div id="navmenu">
<iframe src="./nav.html" onload="this.before((this.contentDocument.body||this.contentDocument).children[0]);this.remove()"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
<hr />
<div id="content" class="widecolumn">
<div class="post" id="post-3">
<span id="top"><h2>Emissions from Artificial Object Re-entries</h2>
<div class="entry">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.15.3/css/all.min.css" integrity="sha512-iBBXm8fW90+nuLcSKlbmrPcLa0OT92xO1BIsZ+ywDWZCvqsWgccV3gFoRBv0z+8dLJgyAHIhR35VZc2oM/gI1w==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer" />
<style>
.wrap-text {
white-space: normal;
word-wrap: break-word;
max-width: 500px; /* Adjust the width as needed */
}
/* Container to align the maps side by side */
.map-container {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
gap: 20px;
padding: 20px;
/* Ensure container size is constrained */
width: 100%; /* or set a specific width like 80% if desired */
height: 100%; /* You can adjust this as needed */
box-sizing: border-box; /* Ensure padding is included in the container size */
}
/* Prevent flex items from stretching */
.globe-container {
flex-shrink: 0;
flex-grow: 0;
width: 100%; /* Ensure it fills the available space */
height: 100%; /* Ensure it fills the available height */
}
/* Prevent flex items from stretching */
.bar-container {
width: 100%; /* Ensure it fills the available space */
height: 100%; /* Ensure it fills the available height */
}
/* Style for the tabs */
.tabs {
display: flex;
cursor: pointer;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.tab {
padding: 10px 20px;
margin-right: 10px;
background-color: #f0f0f0;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
}
.tab:hover {
background-color: #ddd;
}
.active-tab {
background-color: #ccc;
font-weight: bold;
}
/* Initially hide both containers */
.globe-container, .map-container, .bar-container {
display: none;
}
/* Show active container */
.active-container {
display: block;
}
.map {
flex: 1;
height: 100%;
}
.globe {
flex: 1;
height: 100%;
}
.bar {
width: 100%;
}
/* Container to align the tables side by side */
.table-container {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
gap: 20px;
}
/* Table styling */
table {
width: 100%;
margin-top: 20px;
border-collapse: collapse;
padding: 10px;
white-space: nowrap;
}
th, td {
padding: 10px;
text-align: left;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
white-space: nowrap;
}
th {
background-color: #f4f4f4;
}
tfoot {
font-weight: bold;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
}
.faq-item {
display: block;
/*width: 38vw;
min-width: 350px;*/
margin-top: 0.5rem;
}
.item-question {
background: #143d59;
color: whitesmoke;
font-size: 1rem;
padding: 0.5rem;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
}
.question-text {
display: inline-block;
}
.arrows-container {
margin: 0.4rem;
}
.item-answer {
display: none;
color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
padding: 2rem;
}
.close {
display: none;
}
.show-answer .item-answer {
display: block;
background: #8dc4ee;
}
.show-answer .close {
display: inline;
}
.show-answer .expand {
display: none;
}
</style>
<div class="entry">
<br>
<label for="datePicker">Please select a date during 2020-2022. Future years will be available in a future update. </label>
<input type="date" id="datePicker1" name="datePicker1">
<input type="date" id="datePicker2" name="datePicker2">
<br>
<br>
<!-- Tabs for globe and map -->
<div class="tabs">
<div class="tab" id="globe-tab" onclick="toggleContainer('globe')">Globe</div>
<div class="tab" id="map-tab" onclick="toggleContainer('map')">Map</div>
<div class="tab" id="bar-tab" onclick="toggleContainer('bar')">Bar</div>
</div>
<!-- Globe container -->
<div id="globe-container" class="globe-container">
<div id="globeplot" class="globe"></div> <!-- First globe container -->
</div>
<!-- Map containers -->
<div id="map-container" class="map-container">
<div id="map2" class="map"></div> <!-- Map container -->
</div>
<div id="bar-container" class="bar-container">
<div id="bar1" class="bar"></div> <!-- Bar container -->
</div>
<!-- Table for Re-entry Locations -->
<div class="table-container">
<div>
<h3>Re-entry Information (emissions in tonnes, time in UTC). SMC = Satellite Megaconstellation. BC and Cl<sub>y</sub> will be added shortly.</h3>
<table id="reentryTable">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Date</th>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Time</th>
<th>Reusability</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Category</th>
<th>SMC</th>
<th>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></th>
<th>NO<sub>x</sub></th>
<th>BC</th>
<th>Cl<sub>y</sub></th>
<th>Unablated Mass</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody id="reentryTableBody">
<!-- Dynamic rows for re-entry locations will be inserted here -->
</tbody>
<tfoot id="reentryTableFoot">
<!-- Totals for launches -->
</tfoot>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<script>
// Function to toggle containers
function toggleContainer(containerType) {
// Reset classes for all tabs and containers
document.querySelectorAll('.tab').forEach(tab => tab.classList.remove('active-tab'));
document.querySelectorAll('.globe-container, .map-container').forEach(container => container.classList.remove('active-container'));
// Add active class to the clicked tab
if (containerType === 'globe') {
document.getElementById('globe-tab').classList.add('active-tab');
document.getElementById('globe-container').classList.add('active-container');
} else if (containerType === 'map') {
document.getElementById('map-tab').classList.add('active-tab');
document.getElementById('map-container').classList.add('active-container');
} else if (containerType === 'bar') {
document.getElementById('bar-tab').classList.add('active-tab');
document.getElementById('bar-container').classList.add('active-container');
}
}
// Initialize with the globe container active
toggleContainer('globe');
const locationGroups = {
"Reusable Falcon": [5],
"Discarded (Known)": [1,2,3,4],
"Discarded (Approx.)": [6,7]
}
let locations2 = [];
async function fetchEventsData(startDate,endDate) {
try {
// Fetch the data from the API (replace with your actual API URL)
const response2 = await fetch(`https://cbarker.pythonanywhere.com/api/reentries?start_date=${startDate}&end_date=${endDate}`); // Replace with your actual API URL
const reentryData = await response2.json();
const reentriesByCategory = {};
// Helper function to assign colors based on the reusability category
function getColorForCategory(cat) {
switch (cat) {
case 'Reusable Falcon':
return 'green';
case 'Discarded (Known)':
return 'blue';
case 'Discarded (Approx.)':
return 'red';
default:
return 'gray'; // Default color for unknown categories
}
}
function getLocationGroup(locationNumber) {
for (const [groupName, locations] of Object.entries(locationGroups)) {
if (locations.includes(locationNumber)) {
return groupName; // Return the group name if the location is found
}
}
return "Unknown Location"; // Fallback for ungrouped locations
}
function createReentryCategory(categoryName) {
return {
date: [],
id: [],
time: [],
name: [],
objname: [],
lat: [],
lon: [],
smc: [],
category: [],
color: getColorForCategory(categoryName),
al: [],
nox: [],
unab_mass: []
};
}
reentriesByCategory['Reusable Falcon'] = createReentryCategory('Reusable Falcon');
reentriesByCategory['Discarded (Known)'] = createReentryCategory('Discarded (Known)');
reentriesByCategory['Discarded (Approx.)'] = createReentryCategory('Discarded (Approx.)');
Object.keys(reentryData).forEach(date => {
reentryData[date].reentries.forEach(reentry => {
const locationGroup = getLocationGroup(reentry.location);
// Add reentry data to the category group
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].date.push(reentry.date);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].id.push(reentry.id);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].time.push(reentry.time);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].smc.push(reentry.smc);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].lat.push(reentry.lat);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].name.push(locationGroup);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].category.push(reentry.category);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].lon.push(reentry.lon);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].objname.push(reentry.name);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].al.push(reentry.emissions.Al2O3);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].nox.push(reentry.emissions.NOx);
reentriesByCategory[locationGroup].unab_mass.push(reentry.emissions.Unablated_Mass);
});
});
// Combine the arrays into the desired structure and update the visualisations.
locations2 = Object.values(reentriesByCategory);
updateTables();
updateMaps();
updateGraph(startDate,endDate);
updateGlobe();
} catch (error) {
console.error('Error fetching or processing the events data:', error);
}
}
function updateGlobe() {
const MAX_POINTS_PER_LINE = 4; // Less points for a vertical launch
const MAX_STEP_ALT = 0.1; // Control the altitude change
// Combine gData and labels for all locations in locations2
const allGData = [];
const allLabels = [];
locations2.forEach(locationSet => {
const gData = locationSet.lat.map((latitude, index) => {
const longitude = locationSet.lon[index];
let alt = 0.3;
let path = [[latitude, longitude, alt]];
// You can adjust the number of points and the altitude increment to create the path
for (let i = 0; i < MAX_POINTS_PER_LINE; i++) { // Adjust this for more points in the path
alt -= MAX_STEP_ALT; // Increase the altitude
path.push([latitude, longitude, alt]);
}
return {
path: path,
label: locationSet.id[index] // Store the launch ID here
};
});
const labels = locationSet.lat.map((latitude, index) => ({
lat: latitude - 1,
lng: locationSet.lon[index],
name: `Re-entry ${locationSet.id[index]}`, // Label based on launch ID
}));
allGData.push(...gData);
allLabels.push(...labels);
});
const globe = new Globe(document.getElementById('globeplot'))
.globeImageUrl('https://unpkg.com/three-globe/example/img/earth-blue-marble.jpg')
.bumpImageUrl('https://unpkg.com/three-globe/example/img/earth-topology.png')
.pathsData(allGData.map(d => d.path))
.pathColor(() => 'rgba(255,0,0,0.6)') // Green for the rocket launch path
.pathDashLength(0.05)
.pathDashGap(0.02)
.pathDashAnimateTime(10000)
.pathStroke(10)
.labelsData(allLabels)
.labelLat(d => d.lat)
.labelLng(d => d.lng)
.labelText(d => d.name) // Label the location with the launch ID
.labelResolution(2)
.labelSize(1.5)
.labelDotRadius(0);
setTimeout(() => {
globe
.pathPointAlt(pnt => pnt[2]) // Set altitude accessor
.pathTransitionDuration(5000); // Smooth transition in altitude
}, 0);
// Function to resize the globe based on its container size
const resizeGlobe = () => {
const container = document.getElementById('globeplot');
// Set the width and height of the globe based on the container's size
globe.width(container.offsetWidth).height(container.offsetHeight);
// Manually reset the canvas element size to match the container size
const canvas = document.querySelector('canvas');
canvas.style.width = `${container.offsetWidth}px`;
canvas.style.height = `${container.offsetHeight}px`;
// Reset the WebGL renderer size to match the container
globe._renderer.setSize(container.offsetWidth, container.offsetHeight);
canvas.style.transform = 'none';
};
// Resize the globe on window resize
window.addEventListener('resize', resizeGlobe);
// Trigger the resize immediately after the globe is initialized
resizeGlobe();
}
function updateTables() {
// Flatten all groups into a single array of rows (with date sorting)
let allRows = [];
locations2.forEach(group => {
group.id.forEach((location, index) => {
const row = {
date: group.date[index],
location: location,
time: group.time[index],
name: group.name[index],
objname: group.objname[index],
category: group.category[index],
smc: group.smc[index],
al: group.al[index],
nox: group.nox[index],
unab_mass: group.unab_mass[index],
groupName: group.name[index] // Keep track of the group name for later
};
allRows.push(row);
});
});
// Sort rows by date
allRows.sort((a, b) => new Date(a.date) - new Date(b.date)); // Ensure date is sorted from earliest to latest
// Populate Re-entry Table
const table2Body = document.getElementById('reentryTableBody');
const table2Foot = document.getElementById('reentryTableFoot');
table2Body.innerHTML = '';
table2Foot.innerHTML = '';
let totalal = 0, totalnox = 0, totalmass = 0;
allRows.forEach(row => {
const { date, location, time, name, objname, category, smc, al, nox, unab_mass } = row;
totalal += al;
totalnox += nox;
totalmass += unab_mass;
const tableRow = document.createElement('tr');
totalal += al;
totalnox += nox;
totalmass += unab_mass;
tableRow.innerHTML = `
<td>${date}</td>
<td>${location}</td>
<td>${time.toFixed(2)}</td>
<td>${name}</td>
<td class="wrap-text">${objname}</td>
<td>${category}</td>
<td>${smc}</td>
<td>${al.toFixed(2)}</td>
<td>${nox.toFixed(2)}</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>${unab_mass.toFixed(2)}</td>
`;
table2Body.appendChild(tableRow);
});
// Add Totals to Re-entry Table
const totalRow2 = document.createElement('tr');
totalRow2.innerHTML = `
<td>Total</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>${totalal.toFixed(2)}</td>
<td>${totalnox.toFixed(2)}</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>${totalmass.toFixed(2)}</td>
`;
table2Foot.appendChild(totalRow2);
}
function updateMaps() {
// Prepare the data for Plotly
const groupNames = ["Reusable Falcon", "Discarded (Known)", "Discarded (Approx.)"];
let plotlyData = [];
Object.keys(locations2).forEach(locationGroup => {
const groupData = locations2[locationGroup];
plotlyData.push({
type: 'scattergeo',
mode: 'markers',
name: groupNames[locationGroup],
lat: groupData.lat,
lon: groupData.lon,
marker: {
size: 12,
color: groupData.color,
symbol: 'x'
},
showlegend: true
});
});
// Common layout configuration
const commonLayout = {
geo: {
resolution: 100,
projection: { type: 'robinson' },
showland: true,
landcolor: 'rgb(217, 217, 217)',
showocean: true,
oceancolor: 'rgb(204, 233, 255)',
showcountries: true,
countrycolor: 'rgb(50, 50, 50)',
showsubunits: true,
subunitcolor: 'rgb(150, 150, 150)',
showgrid: true,
gridcolor: 'rgb(220, 220, 220)',
gridwidth: 2,
griddash: 'dash', // Dashed gridlines for both axes
lataxis: {
showgrid: true, // Gridline for latitude axis
gridcolor: 'rgb(220, 220, 220)', // Optional: specify grid color
griddash: 'dash', // Dashed gridline style
tickmode: 'array',
ticks: '',
ticklen: 10,
tickcolor: 'rgb(220, 220, 220)',
showticklabels: false,
zeroline: false
},
lonaxis: {
showgrid: true, // Gridline for longitude axis
gridcolor: 'rgb(220, 220, 220)', // Optional: specify grid color
griddash: 'dash', // Dashed gridline style
tickmode: 'array',
ticks: '',
ticklen: 10,
tickcolor: 'rgb(220, 220, 220)',
showticklabels: false,
zeroline: false
}
},
margin: { t: 50, b: 0, l: 0, r: 0 }, // Adjust top margin for title
title: {text: 'Re-entries', font: { size: 18 }, xanchor: 'center', yanchor: 'top', y: 0 }, // Adjust title position
showlegend: true,
legend: {
x: 0.5,
y: -0.05,
xanchor: 'center',
orientation: 'h',
traceorder: 'normal',
font: { size: 14 },
bgcolor: 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)', // Slight transparent background
},
};
const layout2 = { ...commonLayout};
Plotly.newPlot('map2', plotlyData, layout2);
}
function updateGraph(startDate,endDate) {
let totalal = 0, totalnox = 0, totalmass = 0;
locations2.forEach(group => {
group.id.forEach((location, index) => {
const row = document.createElement('tr');
const al = group.al[index];
const nox = group.nox[index];
const mass = group.unab_mass[index];
totalal += al;
totalnox += nox;
totalmass += mass;
});
});
// Prepare the data for Plotly
const labels = ['Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>', 'NO<sub>x</sub>', 'BC', 'Cl<sub>y</sub>', 'Unablated Mass'];
const data = [totalal, totalnox, 0, 0, totalmass];
const maxYValue = Math.max(...data);
const trace = {
x: labels,
y: data,
type: 'bar', // Bar chart (you can change to line, pie, etc.)
marker: {
color: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 0.7)'
}
};
const layout = {
title: `Emissions between ${startDate} and ${endDate}`,
xaxis: {
title: 'Species'
},
yaxis: {
title: 'Mass [t]',
range: [0,maxYValue]
},
autosize: true, // Automatically resize the chart
responsive: true // Ensure the chart resizes with the window
};
// Plot the chart inside the 'emissionsChart' div
Plotly.newPlot('bar1', [trace], layout);
}
// Plot a default date when the page opens, then update when the date changes.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
const datePicker1 = document.getElementById('datePicker1'); // Start date picker
const datePicker2 = document.getElementById('datePicker2'); // End date picker
let startDate = '2020-01-01';
let endDate = '2020-01-10';
datePicker1.value = startDate;
datePicker2.value = endDate;
fetchEventsData(startDate,endDate); // Fetch data for the default date
// Event listeners for date pickers
datePicker1.addEventListener('change', (event) => {
startDate= event.target.value;
if (startDate) {
fetchEventsData(startDate,endDate);
}
});
datePicker2.addEventListener('change', (event) => {
endDate = event.target.value;
if (endDate) {
fetchEventsData(startDate,endDate);
}
});
});
</script>
<br>
<h2>Frequently Asked Questions</h2>
<div id="faqs-container"></div>
<script>
const faqData = [
{ question: "What are these chemicals?",
answer: "NO<sub>x</sub> is nitrogen oxides, BC is black carbon or soot, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> is aluminium oxide or alumina, and Cl<sub>y</sub> is a family of chlorine compounds. NO<sub>x</sub> and Cl<sub>y</sub> are released as gases, BC and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as particles."
},
{ question: "How is this data calculated?",
answer: "Our calculations are based on the current best scientific knowledge available for emissions from object re-entries. We use object-specific ablation profiles to calculate alumina emissions from object re-entries, including all objects with an apogee above 50 km. Paths shown in the Globe view are fixed at the re-entry location and do not represent real object trajectories."
},
{ question: "Where can I find the original methodology and data?",
answer: "You can find further details in our study published in Nature Scientific Data: Global 3D rocket launch and re-entry air pollutant and carbon dioxide emissions for 2020-2022</strong>. C. R. Barker, E. A. Marais (2024). doi:10.5522/04/26325382. [<a href='https://doi.org/10.5522/04/26325382' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer'>Data</a>]. [<a href='https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-024-03910-z' target='_blank' rel='noopener noreferrer'>Publication</a>]</p>"
}
];
const faqsContainer = document.getElementById('faqs-container');
faqData.map(function(item) {
let article = document.createElement('article');
article.classList.add('faq-item');
const markup = `
<div class="item-question">
<span class="question-text">${item.question}</span>
<span class="arrows-container">
<span class="expand">▼</span>
<span class="close">▲</span>
</span>
</div>
<div class="item-answer">
<span>${item.answer}</span>
</div>
`;
article.innerHTML = markup;
faqsContainer.append(article);
});
const toggleButtons = document.querySelectorAll('.arrows-container');
toggleButtons.forEach(button => {
button.addEventListener('click', function(e) {
const faqItem = e.currentTarget.parentElement.parentElement;
faqItem.classList.toggle("show-answer");
});
});
</script>
<p>
Developed by <a href="https://profiles.ucl.ac.uk/93616-connor-barker" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Connor Barker</a> (UCL) and <a href="https://profiles.ucl.ac.uk/77783-eloise-marais" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Eloise Marais</a> (UCL), in collaboration with <a href="https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/people/jonathan-mcdowell" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Jonathan McDowell</a> (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics). Interested in using the data or spot any room for improvements? Please reach out to Connor Barker at <a href= "mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>.
</p>
<p>
<strong>Funding Disclaimer:</strong> This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 851854). <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/851854" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">European Commission project page</a>.
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