diff --git a/app/buck2_error/BUCK b/app/buck2_error/BUCK
index ecbcfe684aa4..262df4e9911e 100644
--- a/app/buck2_error/BUCK
+++ b/app/buck2_error/BUCK
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ rust_library(
         "fbsource//third-party/rust:hex",
         "fbsource//third-party/rust:http",
         "fbsource//third-party/rust:hyper",
+        "fbsource//third-party/rust:libc",
         "fbsource//third-party/rust:prost",
         "fbsource//third-party/rust:prost-types",
         "fbsource//third-party/rust:ref-cast",
diff --git a/app/buck2_error/Cargo.toml b/app/buck2_error/Cargo.toml
index a11c8d50b038..78d42d8bc2c1 100644
--- a/app/buck2_error/Cargo.toml
+++ b/app/buck2_error/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ fancy-regex = { workspace = true }
 hex = { workspace = true }
 http = { workspace = true }
 hyper = { workspace = true }
+libc = { workspace = true }
 prost = { workspace = true }
 prost-types = { workspace = true }
 ref-cast = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/serde_json.rs b/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/serde_json.rs
index 43ab2619faf0..a2de90118662 100644
--- a/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/serde_json.rs
+++ b/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/serde_json.rs
@@ -9,13 +9,19 @@
 
 use serde_json::error::Category;
 
+use crate::conversion::stds::io::io_error_kind_to_error_tag;
+
 impl From<serde_json::Error> for crate::Error {
     #[cold]
     #[track_caller]
     fn from(value: serde_json::Error) -> Self {
         let error_tag = match value.classify() {
             Category::Data | Category::Syntax => crate::ErrorTag::Input,
-            Category::Eof | Category::Io => crate::ErrorTag::Tier0,
+            Category::Eof => crate::ErrorTag::Tier0,
+            Category::Io => match value.io_error_kind() {
+                Some(error_kind) => io_error_kind_to_error_tag(error_kind),
+                None => crate::ErrorTag::Tier0,
+            },
         };
 
         crate::conversion::from_any_with_tag(value, error_tag)
diff --git a/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/stds.rs b/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/stds.rs
index 066006ea466b..d5894326baef 100644
--- a/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/stds.rs
+++ b/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/stds.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 mod array;
 mod convert;
-mod io;
+pub(crate) mod io;
 mod num;
 mod path;
 mod str;
diff --git a/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/stds/io.rs b/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/stds/io.rs
index 3f893fc78305..5996c74b29c8 100644
--- a/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/stds/io.rs
+++ b/app/buck2_error/src/conversion/stds/io.rs
@@ -7,10 +7,56 @@
  * of this source tree.
  */
 
-impl From<std::io::Error> for crate::Error {
+use std::io;
+
+use buck2_data::error::ErrorTag;
+
+// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/debug/system-error-codes--0-499-
+// "The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process."
+const ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: i32 = 32;
+
+pub(crate) fn io_error_kind_to_error_tag(kind: io::ErrorKind) -> ErrorTag {
+    match kind {
+        io::ErrorKind::NotFound => ErrorTag::IoNotFound,
+        io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied => ErrorTag::IoPermissionDenied,
+        io::ErrorKind::TimedOut => ErrorTag::IoTimeout,
+        io::ErrorKind::ExecutableFileBusy => ErrorTag::IoExecutableFileBusy,
+        io::ErrorKind::BrokenPipe => ErrorTag::IoBrokenPipe,
+        io::ErrorKind::StorageFull => ErrorTag::IoStorageFull,
+        io::ErrorKind::ConnectionAborted => ErrorTag::IoConnectionAborted,
+        _ => ErrorTag::IoSystem,
+    }
+}
+
+fn io_error_kind_tag(e: &io::Error) -> ErrorTag {
+    let kind_tag = io_error_kind_to_error_tag(e.kind());
+    if kind_tag != ErrorTag::IoSystem {
+        return kind_tag;
+    }
+
+    if let Some(os_error_code) = e.raw_os_error() {
+        'from_os: {
+            let from_os = match os_error_code {
+                libc::ENOTCONN => ErrorTag::IoNotConnected,
+                libc::ECONNABORTED => ErrorTag::IoConnectionAborted,
+                _ => break 'from_os,
+            };
+            return from_os;
+        }
+
+        if cfg!(windows) && os_error_code == ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION {
+            return ErrorTag::IoWindowsSharingViolation;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ErrorTag::IoSystem
+}
+
+impl From<io::Error> for crate::Error {
     #[cold]
     #[track_caller]
     fn from(value: std::io::Error) -> Self {
-        crate::conversion::from_any_with_tag(value, crate::ErrorTag::IoSystem)
+        let error_tag = io_error_kind_tag(&value);
+        crate::conversion::from_any_with_tag(value, error_tag)
     }
 }