diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 5dc796a..41f2343 100755
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -3,3 +3,5 @@ node_modules
 .DS_Store
 .vscode
 ensemble-blog
+.gitignore
+.github
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/controllers/api-routes.js b/controllers/api-routes.js
index 094adde..f72fc59 100755
--- a/controllers/api-routes.js
+++ b/controllers/api-routes.js
@@ -1,64 +1,64 @@
-const router = require('express').Router();
-const { User, Post, Comment } = require('../models');
+const router = require('express').Router(); // import express router (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router)
+const { User, Post, Comment } = require('../models'); // import models (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
 
-// In one of the route files, like routes/authRoutes.js
-// add new comments
-router.post('/post/:id', async (req, res) => {
+// In one of the route files, like routes/authRoutes.js we have an app.use() statement that calls app.use('/api', apiRoutes). This means that all the routes in apiRoutes will be added to the /api path. So, if we have a route in apiRoutes that looks like this: router.get('/users', (req, res) => { ... }), the full path to that route will be /api/users.
+// In the same file, we have another app.use() statement that calls app.use('/auth', authRoutes). This means that all the routes in authRoutes will be added to the /auth path. So, if we have a route in authRoutes that looks like this: router.get('/login', (req, res) => { ... }), the full path to that route will be /auth/login.
+router.post('/post/:id', async (req, res) => {  // add comment to post (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.post) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
   try {
-    const newComment = {
-      content: req.body.content,
-      creator: req.session.username,
-      post_id: req.params.id,
+    const newComment = { // create new comment (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+      content: req.body.content, // content from request body (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.body)
+      creator: req.session.username, // creator from session (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.session) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+      post_id: req.params.id, // post id from request params (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.params) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
     }
-    await Comment.create(newComment);
-    res.redirect(`/post/${req.params.id}`); 
+    await Comment.create(newComment); // create new comment (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+    res.redirect(`/post/${req.params.id}`);  // go back to post we just commented on (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.redirect) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
   } catch (err) {
-    res.status(500).send(err);
+    res.status(500).send(err); // send error status code (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.status) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
   }
 });
 
-// create new post
-router.post('/dashboard', async (req, res) => {
+// create new post (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.post) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) for more information on how to use the create method
+router.post('/dashboard', async (req, res) => { // create new post (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.post) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
   try {
-    const newPost = {
-      title: req.body.title,
-      content: req.body.content,
-      creator: req.session.username,
+    const newPost = { // create new post (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+      title: req.body.title, // title from request body (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.body)
+      content: req.body.content, // content from request body (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.body)
+      creator: req.session.username, // creator from session (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.session)
     }
-    await Post.create(newPost);
-    res.redirect(`/dashboard`);
-  } catch (err) {
-    res.status(500).send(err);
+    await Post.create(newPost); // create new post (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+    res.redirect(`/dashboard`); // go back to dashboard (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.redirect) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+  } catch (err) { // send error status code (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.status) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+    res.status(500).send(err); // send error status code (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.status) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
   }
 });
 
-// update post
-router.put('/post/:id/edit', async (req, res) => {
+// update post (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.put) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) for more information on how to use the update method
+router.put('/post/:id/edit', async (req, res) => { // update post (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.put) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
   try {
-    await Post.update(
+    await Post.update( // update post (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
       {
-        title: req.body.title,
-        content: req.body.content,
+        title: req.body.title, // title from request body (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.body)
+        content: req.body.content, // content from request body (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.body) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
       },
       {
-        where: {
-          id: req.params.id,
-          creator: req.session.username,
+        where: { // where condition for post (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+          id: req.params.id, // post id from request params (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.params) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+          creator: req.session.username, // make sure user owns the post (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
         },
       }
     );
-    res.redirect(`/post/${req.params.id}`); // go back to post we just edited
-  } catch (err) {
-    res.status(500).json(err);
+    res.redirect(`/post/${req.params.id}`); // go back to post we just edited (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.redirect) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+  } catch (err) { // send error status code (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.status) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+    res.status(500).json(err); // send error status code (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.status) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
   }
 });
 
-// delete post
-router.delete('/post/:id/edit', async (req, res) => {
-  try {
-    await Post.destroy({
-      where: {
-        id: req.params.id,
+// delete post (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.delete) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) for more information on how to use the destroy method
+router.delete('/post/:id/edit', async (req, res) => { // delete post (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.delete) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+  try { // delete post (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+    await Post.destroy({ // destroy post (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+      where: { // where condition for post (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
+        id: req.params.id, // post id from request params (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.params) (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/model-querying-basics.html)
         creator: req.session.username, // make sure user owns the post
       }
     });
diff --git a/controllers/html-routes.js b/controllers/html-routes.js
index ecdb5e6..5cd5ddf 100755
--- a/controllers/html-routes.js
+++ b/controllers/html-routes.js
@@ -1,111 +1,111 @@
-const router = require('express').Router();
-const { Post, Comment } = require('../models');
+const router = require('express').Router(); // import express router (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router) from 'express module' (https://www.npmjs.com/package/express)
+const { Post, Comment } = require('../models'); // import Post and Comment models (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
 
 // render homepage - contains all user posts
-router.get('/', async (req, res) => {
-  try {
-    const dbPostData = await Post.findAll({
-      include: [
+router.get('/', async (req, res) => { // get method (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.get)
+  try { // try...catch statement (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/try...catch)
+    const dbPostData = await Post.findAll({ // findAll method (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#findall)
+      include: [ // include option (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/eager-loading.html)
         {
-          model: Comment,
+          model: Comment, // include comments (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#one-to-many)
         },
       ],
     });
-    const posts = dbPostData.map((post) => {
-      const userPost = post.get({ plain: true })
-      userPost.commentCount = userPost.comments.length;
-      return userPost;
+    const posts = dbPostData.map((post) => { // map method (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/map)
+      const userPost = post.get({ plain: true }) // get method (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#get)
+      userPost.commentCount = userPost.comments.length; // count number of comments (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#count)
+      return userPost; // return post with comment count added (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#count)
     });
-    posts.reverse(); // sort by most recent first
-    res.render('homepage', {
-      posts,
-      loggedIn: req.session.loggedIn,
+    posts.reverse(); // sort by most recent first (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#order)
+    res.render('homepage', { // render homepage (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with posts and loggedIn status
+      posts, // posts parameter (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with posts and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+      loggedIn: req.session.loggedIn, // loggedIn parameter (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with posts and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
     });
-  } catch (err) {
-    console.log(err);
-    res.status(500).json(err);
+  } catch (err) { // catch error (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.status) and render error page (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with error message
+    console.log(err); // log error message (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/console/log) to console
+    res.status(500).json(err); // render error page (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with error message
   }
 });
 
-// render dashboard - contains personal user posts
-router.get('/dashboard', async (req, res) => {
-  if (!req.session.loggedIn) {
-    res.render('dashboard');
+// render dashboard - contains personal user posts and comments (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+router.get('/dashboard', async (req, res) => { // get method (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.get)
+  if (!req.session.loggedIn) { // if user is not logged in (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.session) redirect to login page
+    res.render('dashboard'); // render dashboard (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
     return;
   }
-  try {
-    const dbUserPostData = await Post.findAll({
-      where: {
-        creator: req.session.username, // can't figure out getting username rn will edit later
-      },
-      include: [
+  try { // try...catch statement (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/try...catch)
+    const dbUserPostData = await Post.findAll({ // findAll method (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#findall) with where clause (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-querying-basics/#simple-where-queries)
+      where: { // where clause (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-querying-basics/#simple-where-queries)
+        creator: req.session.username, // can't figure out getting username rn will edit later (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-querying-basics/#simple-where-queries)
+      }, // include option (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/eager-loading.html)
+      include: [ // include option (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/eager-loading.html) with comments (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#one-to-many)
         {
-          model: Comment,
+          model: Comment, // include comments (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#one-to-many) with where clause (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-querying-basics/#simple-where-queries)
         }
       ]
     });
-    const posts = dbUserPostData.map((post) => {
-      const userPost = post.get({ plain: true })
-      userPost.commentCount = userPost.comments.length;
-      return userPost;
+    const posts = dbUserPostData.map((post) => { // map method (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/map) with get method (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#get)
+      const userPost = post.get({ plain: true }) // get method (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#get) with plain option (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#get)
+      userPost.commentCount = userPost.comments.length; // count number of comments (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#count) with length property (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/length)
+      return userPost; // return post with comment count added (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#count) with plain option (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#get) 
     });
-    posts.reverse();
-    res.render('dashboard', {
-      posts,
-      username: req.session.username,
-      loggedIn: req.session.loggedIn
+    posts.reverse(); // sort by most recent first (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#order)
+    res.render('dashboard', { // render dashboard (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with posts and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+      posts, // posts parameter (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with posts and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+      username: req.session.username, // loggedIn parameter (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with posts and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+      loggedIn: req.session.loggedIn // loggedIn parameter (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with posts and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
     });
-  } catch (err) {
-    console.log(err);
-    res.status(500).json(err);
+  } catch (err) { // catch statement (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/catch)
+    console.log(err); // log error to console
+    res.status(500).json(err); // send error status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.status)
   }
 });
 
 // render individual post page
-router.get('/post/:id', async (req, res) => {
-  try {
-    const dbPostData = await Post.findByPk(req.params.id, {
-      include: [
+router.get('/post/:id', async (req, res) => { // get method (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.get)
+  try { // try...catch statement (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/try...catch)
+    const dbPostData = await Post.findByPk(req.params.id, { // findByPk method (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#findbyid) with include option (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/eager-loading.html)
+      include: [ // include option (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/eager-loading.html)
         {
-          model: Comment,
+          model: Comment, // include comments (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#one-to-many)
         }
       ]
     });
-    const post = dbPostData.get({ plain: true });
-    res.render('post', {
-      post,
-      username: req.session.username,
-      loggedIn: req.session.loggedIn,
+    const post = dbPostData.get({ plain: true }); // get method (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#get) with plain option (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#get)
+    res.render('post', { // render post (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with post and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+      post, // post parameter (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with post and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+      username: req.session.username, // loggedIn parameter (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with post and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+      loggedIn: req.session.loggedIn, // loggedIn parameter (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with post and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
     });
-  } catch (err) {
-    res.status(500).json(err);
+  } catch (err) { // catch statement (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/catch)
+    res.status(500).json(err); // send error status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.status)
   }
 });
 
-// render update page for posts
-router.get('/post/:id/edit', async (req, res) => {
-  try {
-    const dbPostData = await Post.findByPk(req.params.id);
-    const post = dbPostData.get({ plain: true });
-    if (post.creator !== req.session.username) {
-      res.redirect('/');
+// render update page for posts (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with post and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+router.get('/post/:id/edit', async (req, res) => { // get method (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.get)
+  try { // try...catch statement (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/try...catch)
+    const dbPostData = await Post.findByPk(req.params.id); // findByPk method (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#findbyid)
+    const post = dbPostData.get({ plain: true }); // get method (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#get) with plain option (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#get)
+    if (post.creator !== req.session.username) { // if statement (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/if) with redirect (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.redirect)
+      res.redirect('/'); // redirect (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.redirect)
     }
-    res.render('update-post', {
-      post,
-      loggedIn: req.session.loggedIn
+    res.render('update-post', { // render update-post (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with post and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+      post, // post parameter (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with post and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+      loggedIn: req.session.loggedIn // loggedIn parameter (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with post and loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
     });
-  } catch (err) {
-    res.status(500).json(err);
+  } catch (err) { // catch statement (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/catch)
+    res.status(500).json(err); // send error status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.status)
   }
 });
 
-// renders login page
-router.get('/login', (req, res) => {
-  if (req.session.loggedIn) {
-    res.redirect('/');
+// renders login page (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) if user is logged in (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#req.session)
+router.get('/login', (req, res) => { // get method (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router.get) with loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
+  if (req.session.loggedIn) { // if statement (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/if) with redirect (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.redirect)
+    res.redirect('/'); // redirect (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.redirect) with loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
     return;
   }
-  res.render('login');
+  res.render('login'); // render login (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render)
 });
 
-module.exports = router;
\ No newline at end of file
+module.exports = router; // export router (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router) with loggedIn status (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#res.render) with loggedOut status (https
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/controllers/index.js b/controllers/index.js
index 3ee7806..79497d4 100755
--- a/controllers/index.js
+++ b/controllers/index.js
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-const router = require('express').Router();
+const router = require('express').Router(); // import express router (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router)
 
-const apiRoutes = require('./api-routes');
-const htmlRoutes = require('./html-routes');
+const apiRoutes = require('./api-routes'); // import api routes (default is ./api-routes)
+const htmlRoutes = require('./html-routes'); // import html routes (default is ./html-routes)
 
-router.use(htmlRoutes);
-router.use(apiRoutes);
+router.use(htmlRoutes); // use html routes
+router.use(apiRoutes); // use api routes
 
-module.exports = router;
\ No newline at end of file
+module.exports = router; // export router (https://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#router)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/db/schema.sql b/db/schema.sql
index 8c792e1..3610e04 100755
--- a/db/schema.sql
+++ b/db/schema.sql
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS blog_db;
+DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS blog_db; 
 
 CREATE DATABASE blog_db;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/models/Comment.js b/models/Comment.js
index a781d10..e2cfd06 100755
--- a/models/Comment.js
+++ b/models/Comment.js
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-const { Model, DataTypes } = require('sequelize');
-const sequelize = require('../config/connection');
+const { Model, DataTypes } = require('sequelize'); // import sequelize (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
+const sequelize = require('../config/connection'); 
 
-class Comment extends Model {}
+class Comment extends Model {} // Comment model (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
 
-Comment.init(
+Comment.init(  
   {
     id: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
@@ -27,20 +27,20 @@ Comment.init(
       allowNull: false,
       defaultValue: DataTypes.NOW, // records date/time at time of creation
     },
-    post_id: {
+    post_id: {  // foreign key for post id (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#foreign-keys)
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
       allowNull: false,
-      references: {
+      references: { 
         model: 'post',
-        key: 'id',
+        key: 'id', // foreign key for post id
       }
     }
   },
   {
-    sequelize,
-    freezeTableName: true,
-    underscored: true,
-    modelName: 'comment',
+    sequelize, // for connecting to db with sequelize (default is ./config/connection.js)
+    freezeTableName: true, // for connecting to db with sequelize (default is ./config/connection.js)
+    underscored: true, // for connecting to db with sequelize (default is ./config/connection.js)
+    modelName: 'comment', // for connecting to db with sequelize (default is ./config/connection.js)
   }
 );
 
diff --git a/models/Post.js b/models/Post.js
index a305c7c..f695529 100755
--- a/models/Post.js
+++ b/models/Post.js
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-const { Model, DataTypes } = require('sequelize');
-const sequelize = require('../config/connection');
+const { Model, DataTypes } = require('sequelize'); // import sequelize (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
+const sequelize = require('../config/connection'); // import connection object from connection.js (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/connections-and-transactions/)
 
-class Post extends Model {}
+class Post extends Model {} // Post model (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
 
-Post.init(
+Post.init(  // Post model (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
   {
     id: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Post.init(
       type: DataTypes.STRING,
       allowNull: false,
     },
-    creator: {
+    creator: { 
       type: DataTypes.STRING,
       references: {
         model: 'user',
diff --git a/models/User.js b/models/User.js
index 1efe4a3..9a41a30 100755
--- a/models/User.js
+++ b/models/User.js
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-const { Model, DataTypes } = require('sequelize');
-const sequelize = require('../config/connection');
-const bcrypt = require('bcrypt');
+const { Model, DataTypes } = require('sequelize'); // import sequelize (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
+const sequelize = require('../config/connection'); // import connection object from connection.js (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/connections-and-transactions/)
+const bcrypt = require('bcrypt'); // import bcrypt (https://www.npmjs.com/package/bcrypt)
 
-class User extends Model {
-  checkPassword(loginPw) {
-    return bcrypt.compareSync(loginPw, this.password);
+class User extends Model { // User model (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
+  checkPassword(loginPw) { // checkPassword method (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#custom-methods)
+    return bcrypt.compareSync(loginPw, this.password); // compareSync method (https://www.npmjs.com/package/bcrypt)
   }
 }
 
-User.init(
+User.init(  // User model (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
   {
     id: {
       type: DataTypes.INTEGER,
@@ -24,20 +24,20 @@ User.init(
     password: {
       type: DataTypes.TEXT,
       allowNull: false,
-      validate: {
-        len: [8],
+      validate: { // password validation (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/#validations)
+        len: [8], // password must be at least 8 characters long
       },
     },
   },
   {
-    hooks: {
-      beforeCreate: async (newUserData) => {
-        newUserData.password = await bcrypt.hash(newUserData.password, 10);
+    hooks: { // hooks (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/hooks.html)
+      beforeCreate: async (newUserData) => { // beforeCreate hook (https://sequelize.org/master/manual/hooks.html)
+        newUserData.password = await bcrypt.hash(newUserData.password, 10); // hash password (https://www.npmjs.com/package/bcrypt)
         return newUserData;
       },
     },
     sequelize,
-    freezeTableName: true,
+    freezeTableName: true,  
     underscored: true,
     modelName: 'user',
   }
diff --git a/models/index.js b/models/index.js
index 278e9ab..7897e61 100755
--- a/models/index.js
+++ b/models/index.js
@@ -1,21 +1,21 @@
-const User = require('./User');
-const Post = require('./Post');
-const Comment = require('./Comment');
+const User = require('./User'); // import User model (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
+const Post = require('./Post'); // import Post model (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
+const Comment = require('./Comment'); // import Comment model (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
 
-User.hasMany(Post, {
-  foreignKey: 'username',
+User.hasMany(Post, { // User has many Posts (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#one-to-many)
+  foreignKey: 'username', // foreign key for username (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#foreign-keys)
 });
 
-Post.belongsTo(User, {
-  foreignKey: 'username',
+Post.belongsTo(User, { // Post belongs to User (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#one-to-many)
+  foreignKey: 'username', // foreign key for username (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#foreign-keys)
 });
 
-Comment.belongsTo(User, {
-  foreignKey: 'username',
+Comment.belongsTo(User, { // Comment belongs to User (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#one-to-many)
+  foreignKey: 'username', // foreign key for username (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#foreign-keys)
 });
 
-Post.hasMany(Comment, {
-  foreignKey: 'post_id',
+Post.hasMany(Comment, { // Post has many Comments (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#one-to-many)
+  foreignKey: 'post_id', // foreign key for post id (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/assocs/#foreign-keys)
 });
 
-module.exports = { User, Post, Comment };
\ No newline at end of file
+module.exports = { User, Post, Comment }; // export User, Post, and Comment models (https://sequelize.org/docs/v6/core-concepts/model-basics/)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/public/css/bulma.css b/public/css/bulma.css
index 1012e65..0ec7235 100755
--- a/public/css/bulma.css
+++ b/public/css/bulma.css
@@ -1 +1,5 @@
-@import "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bulma@0.9.4/css/bulma.min.css"
\ No newline at end of file
+
+/* import the bulma css */ 
+@import "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bulma@0.9.4/css/bulma.min.css"
+ 
+
diff --git a/public/css/style.css b/public/css/style.css
index ce72d64..8f2f850 100755
--- a/public/css/style.css
+++ b/public/css/style.css
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-html {
-  background-color: #5f76db;
+html { 
+  background-color: #5f76db; 
 }
 
 main {
@@ -45,4 +45,5 @@ main {
 	font: inherit;
 	cursor: pointer;
 	outline: inherit;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
+
diff --git a/public/img/preview.png b/public/img/preview.png
deleted file mode 100755
index 8fb75ab..0000000
Binary files a/public/img/preview.png and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/public/js/app.js b/public/js/app.js
index 61c06ed..dc6fbad 100755
--- a/public/js/app.js
+++ b/public/js/app.js
@@ -1,22 +1,28 @@
-const newPostButton = document.querySelector(".new-post-btn");
-const newPostForm = document.querySelector(".new-post-form");
-const cancelButton = document.createElement("button");
+// public\js\app.js file for new post button and new post form functionality for logged in users only 
 
-cancelButton.textContent = "cancel";
-cancelButton.classList.add("cancel-btn");
-cancelButton.classList.add("button");
-cancelButton.style.display = "none";
+const newPostButton = document.querySelector(".new-post-btn"); // select the new post button
+const newPostForm = document.querySelector(".new-post-form"); // select the new post form
+const cancelButton = document.createElement("button"); // create the cancel button
 
-newPostButton.addEventListener("click", function() {
-  newPostButton.style.display = "none";
+cancelButton.textContent = "cancel"; // set the text of the cancel button
+cancelButton.classList.add("cancel-btn"); // add the cancel button class
+cancelButton.classList.add("button"); // add the button class
+cancelButton.style.display = "none"; // hide the cancel button
+
+// show and hide new post form and cancel button
+newPostButton.addEventListener("click", function() { 
+  newPostButton.style.display = "none"; 
   cancelButton.style.display = "block";
   newPostForm.style.display = "block";
 });
+ 
 
+// show and hide new post form and cancel button
 cancelButton.addEventListener("click", function() {
   newPostButton.style.display = "block";
   cancelButton.style.display = "none";
   newPostForm.style.display = "none";
 });
 
+// insert cancel button before new post button
 newPostButton.parentNode.insertBefore(cancelButton, newPostButton.nextSibling);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/seeds/postData.json b/seeds/postData.json
index 0eeb986..bdbae85 100755
--- a/seeds/postData.json
+++ b/seeds/postData.json
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@
   {
     "title": "ChatGPT!",
     "content": "Currently using open AI API to get information about traveling to the Seven Wonders of the World",
-    "creator": "coderco"
+    "creator": "coder"
   },
   {
     "title": "The Solar Eclipse",
     "content": "Here is a link to a picture from Mazatlan Sinaloa",
-    "creator": "Coderco"
+    "creator": "Coder"
   }
 ]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/seeds/seed.js b/seeds/seed.js
index 5350156..62390e7 100755
--- a/seeds/seed.js
+++ b/seeds/seed.js
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-const sequelize = require('../config/connection');
-const { User, Post, Comment } = require('../models');
+const sequelize = require('../config/connection'); // Import the connection object from config/connection.js
+const { User, Post, Comment } = require('../models'); // Import the User, Post, and Comment models
 
-const userData =  require('./userData.json');
-const postData =  require('./postData.json');
-const commentData =  require('./commentData.json');
+const userData =  require('./userData.json'); // Import the userData.json file
+const postData =  require('./postData.json'); // Import the postData.json file
+const commentData =  require('./commentData.json'); // Import the commentData.json file
 
-const seedDatabase = async () => {
+// seed database function
+const seedDatabase = async () => {   
   await sequelize.sync({ force: true });
 
   await User.bulkCreate(userData, {
diff --git a/server.js b/server.js
index 98127e7..fee570c 100755
--- a/server.js
+++ b/server.js
@@ -1,83 +1,84 @@
-const path = require('path');
-const express = require('express');
-const session = require('express-session');
-const exphbs = require('express-handlebars');
+const path = require('path'); // for file paths
+const express = require('express'); // for server
+const session = require('express-session'); // for sessions
+const exphbs = require('express-handlebars'); // for handlebars
 const methodOverride = require('method-override'); // for handling PUT requests
 // Initializes Sequelize with session store
-const SequelizeStore = require('connect-session-sequelize')(session.Store);
+const SequelizeStore = require('connect-session-sequelize')(session.Store); // for storing sessions in db store (sequelize) instead of memory store (cookie)
 
-const app = express();
-const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3001;
+const app = express(); // initializes express
+const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3001; // sets port to 3001 if not set in environment
 
-const routes = require('./controllers');
-const sequelize = require('./config/connection');
+const routes = require('./controllers'); // routes for server and client side files (default is ./controllers/index.js) 
+const sequelize = require('./config/connection');  // for connecting to db with sequelize (default is ./config/connection.js) 
 
-app.use(methodOverride('_method'));
+app.use(methodOverride('_method')); // for handling PUT requests (method-override) 
 
 // Sets up session and connect to our Sequelize db
-const sess = {
-  secret: 'Super secret secret',
-  cookie: {
-    maxAge: 30 * 60 * 1000, // 30 minutes
-    httpOnly: true,
-    secure: false,
-    sameSite: 'strict',
-  },
-  resave: false,
-  saveUninitialized: true,
-  expires: new Date(Date.now() + 30 * 60 * 1000), // 30 minutes
-  // Sets up session store
-  store: new SequelizeStore({
-    db: sequelize,
+const sess = { // session settings for server and client side files (default is ./controllers/index.js) 
+  secret: 'Super secret secret', // secret key for session cookie
+  cookie: { // session cookie settings for server and client side files (default is ./controllers/index.js)
+    maxAge: 30 * 60 * 1000, // 30 minutes (default is 10 minutes)
+    httpOnly: true, // default is true (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Cookies#HTTP_only)
+    secure: false, // default is true (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Cookies#Secure_attribute)
+    sameSite: 'strict', // default is 'lax' (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Set-Cookie/SameSite)
+  }, // session cookie settings for server and client side files (default is ./controllers/index.js)
+  resave: false, // session cookie settings for server and client side files (default is ./controllers/index.js)
+  saveUninitialized: true, // session cookie settings for server and client side files (default is ./controllers/index.js)
+  expires: new Date(Date.now() + 30 * 60 * 1000), // 30 minutes (30 * 60 * 1000) = 30 minutes (default is 10 minutes)
+  // Sets up session store for server and client side files (default is ./controllers/index.js)
+  store: new SequelizeStore({ // session store settings for server and client side files (default is ./controllers/index.js)
+    db: sequelize, // for connecting to db with sequelize (default is ./config/connection.js)
   }),
 };
 
-app.use(session(sess));
+app.use(session(sess)); // session settings for server and client side files (default is ./controllers/index.js)
 
-const hbs = exphbs.create();
+const hbs = exphbs.create(); // initializes handlebars
 
-app.engine('handlebars', hbs.engine);
-app.set('view engine', 'handlebars');
+app.engine('handlebars', hbs.engine); // engine for handlebars (default is ./controllers/index.js)
+app.set('view engine', 'handlebars'); // view engine for handlebars (default is ./controllers/index.js)
 
-app.use(express.json());
-app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: false }));
-app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));
+app.use(express.json()); // for parsing json data (https://expressjs.com/en/api.html#express.json)
+app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: false })); // for parsing url encoded data (https://expressjs.com/en/api.html#express.urlencoded)
+app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public'))); // for serving static files (https://expressjs.com/en/starter/static-files.html)
 
-app.use(routes);
+app.use(routes); // routes for server and client side files (default is ./controllers/index.js)
 
-app.use((req, res, next) => {
+app.use((req, res, next) => { // middleware for checking if user is logged in or authenticated via session store (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
   // List of paths that do not require authentication
-  const authFreePaths = ['/login', '/signup', '/logout', '/css/', '/js/'];
-  if (!req.session.userId && !authFreePaths.some(path => req.path.startsWith(path))) {
-    return res.redirect('/login');
+  const authFreePaths = ['/login', '/signup', '/logout', '/css/', '/js/']; // paths that do not require authentication (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
+  if (!req.session.userId && !authFreePaths.some(path => req.path.startsWith(path))) { // if user is not logged in and path is not in authFreePaths list then redirect to login
+    return res.redirect('/login'); // redirect to login page (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
   }
-  next();
+  next(); // next middleware (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
 });
 
 
 // middleware for checking if session has expired
-app.use((req, res, next) => {
-  if (req.session.expires && Date.now() > req.session.expires) {
-    req.session.destroy(() => {
-      res.redirect('/login');
+app.use((req, res, next) => { // middleware for checking if session has expired (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
+  if (req.session.expires && Date.now() > req.session.expires) { // if session has expired then destroy session and redirect to login
+    req.session.destroy(() => { // destroy session and redirect to login page (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
+      res.redirect('/login'); // redirect to login page (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
     });
-  } else {
+  } else { // if session has not expired then next middleware (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
     next();
   }
 });
 
 // refreshes expiration time so site doesn't log out active users
-app.use((req, res, next) => {
-  if (req.session.expires) {
-    const extendedExpirationTime = new Date(Date.now() + 30 * 60 * 1000);
-    req.session.expires = extendedExpirationTime;
+app.use((req, res, next) => { // middleware for checking if session has expired (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
+  if (req.session.expires) {   
+    const extendedExpirationTime = new Date(Date.now() + 30 * 60 * 1000); // 30 minutes (30 * 60 * 1000) = 30 minutes (default is 10 minutes)
+    req.session.expires = extendedExpirationTime; // refreshes expiration time so site doesn't log out active users
   }
-  next();
+  next(); // next middleware (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
 });
 
-sequelize.sync({ force: false }).then(() => {
-  app.listen(PORT, () =>
-    console.log(
+ // middleware for checking if user is logged in or authenticated via session store (https://expressjs.com/en/guide/behind-proxies.html)
+sequelize.sync({ force: false }).then(() => {   // syncs sequelize with db (default is ./config/connection.js)
+  app.listen(PORT, () =>    // listens on port 3001 (default is 3001)
+    console.log( 
       `\nServer running on port ${PORT}. Visit http://localhost:${PORT} and create an account!`
     )
   );
diff --git a/views/update-post.handlebars b/views/update-post.handlebars
index 7615d90..7a0306b 100755
--- a/views/update-post.handlebars
+++ b/views/update-post.handlebars
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<div class="box">
+<div class="box"> 
   <article class="media">
     <div class="media-content">
       <div class="content is-flex is-flex-direction-column">