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<h1 id="visualization-top" class="title">Declarative Data Visualization</h1>
<p>In previous section, we show how to visualize data in imperative way.
Smile also support data visualization in declarative approach.
With <code>smile.plot.vega</code> package, we can create a specification
that describes visualizations as mappings from data to properties
of graphical marks (e.g., points or bars). The specification is
based on <a href="https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/">Vega-Lite</a>.
The Vega-Lite compiler automatically produces visualization components
including axes, legends, and scales. It then determines properties of
these components based on a set of carefully designed rules.</p>
<p>This approach allows specifications to be succinct and expressive,
but also provide user control. As Vega-Lite is designed for analysis,
it supports data transformations such as aggregation, binning,
filtering, sorting, and visual transformations including stacking
and faceting. Moreover, Vega-Lite specifications can be composed
into layered and multi-view displays, and made interactive with
selections.</p>
<p>Vega-Lite website provides detailed
<a href="https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/docs/">documentation</a>
on the specification. In the below, we will show how to create
a variety of charts through examples.</p>
<h2 id="bar" class="title">Bar Charts</h2>
<h3 id="simple_bar" class="title">Simple Bar Chart</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_1" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_1" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_1">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Simple Bar Plot")
.description("A simple bar chart with embedded data.")
.widthStep(30);
bar.data().values("""
[
{"a": "A", "b": 28}, {"a": "B", "b": 55}, {"a": "C", "b": 43},
{"a": "D", "b": 91}, {"a": "E", "b": 81}, {"a": "F", "b": 53},
{"a": "G", "b": 19}, {"a": "H", "b": 87}, {"a": "I", "b": 52}
]""");
bar.mark("bar");
Field x = bar.encode("x", "a").type("ordinal");
x.axis().labelAngle(0);
bar.encode("y", "b").type("quantitative");
bar.show();
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_1">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val bar = VegaLite.view().
mark("bar").
heightStep(17).
x(field = "a", `type` = "ordinal", axis = JsObject("labelAngel" -> JsInt(0))).
y(field = "b", `type` = "quantitative").
data(jsan"""
[
{"a": "A", "b": 28}, {"a": "B", "b": 55}, {"a": "C", "b": 43},
{"a": "D", "b": 91}, {"a": "E", "b": 81}, {"a": "F", "b": 53},
{"a": "G", "b": 19}, {"a": "H", "b": 87}, {"a": "I", "b": 52}
]"""
).
description("A simple bar chart with embedded data.")
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_1"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"description": "A simple bar chart with embedded data.",
"data": {
"values": [
{"a": "A", "b": 28}, {"a": "B", "b": 55}, {"a": "C", "b": 43},
{"a": "D", "b": 91}, {"a": "E", "b": 81}, {"a": "F", "b": 53},
{"a": "G", "b": 19}, {"a": "H", "b": 87}, {"a": "I", "b": 52}
]
},
"mark": "bar",
"encoding": {
"x": {"field": "a", "type": "ordinal", "axis": {"labelAngle": 0}},
"y": {"field": "b", "type": "quantitative"}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_1', spec);
</script>
<h3 id="aggregate_bar" class="title">Aggregate Bar Chart</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_2" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_2" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_2">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Aggregate Bar Plot")
.description("A bar chart showing the US population distribution of age groups in 2000.")
.heightStep(20);
bar.mark("bar");
bar.data().url("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json");
bar.transform().filter("datum.year == 2000");
bar.encode("x", "people").type("quantitative").aggregate("sum").title("population");
bar.encode("y", "age").type("ordinal");
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_2">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val aggregateBar = VegaLite("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json").
mark("bar").
heightStep(17).
x(field = "people", `type` = "quantitative", aggregate = "sum", title = "population").
y(field = "age", `type` = "ordinal").
transform(json"""{"filter": "datum.year == 2000"}""").
description("A bar chart showing the US population distribution of age groups in 2000.")
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_2"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"description": "A bar chart showing the US population distribution of age groups in 2000.",
"height": {"step": 17},
"data": { "url": "https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json"},
"transform": [{"filter": "datum.year == 2000"}],
"mark": "bar",
"encoding": {
"y": {
"field": "age", "type": "ordinal"
},
"x": {
"aggregate": "sum", "field": "people", "type": "quantitative",
"axis": {"title": "population"}
}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_2', spec);
</script>
<h3 id="sorted_aggregate_bar" class="title">Aggregate Bar Chart (Sorted)</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_3" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_3" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_3">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Sorted Aggregate Bar Plot")
.description("A bar chart that sorts the y-values by the x-values.")
.heightStep(20);
bar.mark("bar");
bar.data().url("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json");
bar.transform().filter("datum.year == 2000");
bar.encode("x", "people").type("quantitative").aggregate("sum").title("population");
bar.encode("y", "age").type("ordinal").sort("-x");
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_3">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val sortedAggregateBar = VegaLite("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json").
mark("bar").
heightStep(17).
x(field = "people", `type` = "quantitative", aggregate = "sum", title = "population").
y(field = "age", `type` = "ordinal", sort = Some("-x")).
transform(json"""{"filter": "datum.year == 2000"}""").
description("A bar chart that sorts the y-values by the x-values.")
show(sortedAggregateBar)
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_3"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"description": "A bar chart that sorts the y-values by the x-values.",
"data": {"url": "https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json"},
"transform": [{"filter": "datum.year == 2000"}],
"height": {"step": 17},
"mark": "bar",
"encoding": {
"y": {
"field": "age",
"type": "ordinal",
"sort": "-x"
},
"x": {
"aggregate": "sum",
"field": "people",
"type": "quantitative",
"axis": {"title": "population"}
}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_3', spec);
</script>
<h3 id="grouped_bar" class="title">Grouped Bar Chart</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_4" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_4" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_4">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Group Bar Plot").widthStep(12);
bar.mark("bar");
bar.viewConfig().stroke("transparent").axis().domainWidth(1);
bar.data().url("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json");
bar.transform()
.filter("datum.year == 2000")
.calculate("datum.sex == 2 ? 'Female' : 'Male'", "gender");
bar.encode("x", "gender").type("nominal").title(null);
bar.encode("y", "people").type("quantitative").aggregate("sum").axis().title("population").grid(false);
bar.encode("color", "gender").type("nominal").range("#675193", "#ca8861");
bar.encode("column", "age").type("ordinal").spacing(10);
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_4">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val groupedBar = VegaLite.facet("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json").
column(field = "age", `type` = "ordinal", spacing = Some(10)).
mark("bar").
widthStep(12).
x(field = "gender", `type` = "nominal", title = null).
y(field = "people", `type` = "quantitative", aggregate = "sum", axis = json"""{"title": "population", "grid": false}""").
color(field = "gender", `type` = "nominal", scale = json"""{"range": ["#675193", "#ca8861"]}""").
transform(
json"""{"filter": "datum.year == 2000"}""",
json"""{"calculate": "datum.sex == 2 ? 'Female' : 'Male'", "as": "gender"}"""
).
config(json"""{"view": {"stroke": "transparent"}, "axis": {"domainWidth": 1}}""")
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_4"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"data": { "url": "https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json"},
"transform": [
{"filter": "datum.year == 2000"},
{"calculate": "datum.sex == 2 ? 'Female' : 'Male'", "as": "gender"}
],
"width": {"step": 12},
"mark": "bar",
"encoding": {
"column": {
"field": "age", "type": "ordinal", "spacing": 10
},
"y": {
"aggregate": "sum", "field": "people", "type": "quantitative",
"axis": {"title": "population", "grid": false}
},
"x": {
"field": "gender", "type": "nominal",
"axis": {"title": ""}
},
"color": {
"field": "gender", "type": "nominal",
"scale": {"range": ["#675193", "#ca8861"]}
}
},
"config": {
"view": {"stroke": "transparent"},
"axis": {"domainWidth": 1}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_4', spec);
</script>
<h3 id="stacked_bar" class="title">Stacked Bar Chart</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_5" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_5" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_5">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Stacked Bar Plot");
bar.mark("bar");
bar.data().url("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/seattle-weather.csv");
bar.encode("x", "date").type("ordinal").timeUnit("month").title("Month of the year");
bar.encode("y", null).type("quantitative").aggregate("count");
bar.encode("color", "weather").type("nominal")
.domain("sun", "fog", "drizzle", "rain", "snow")
.range("#e7ba52", "#c7c7c7", "#aec7e8", "#1f77b4", "#9467bd")
.legend().title("Weather type");
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_5">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val stackedBar = VegaLite("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/seattle-weather.csv").
mark("bar").
x(field = "date", `type` = "ordinal", timeUnit = "month", title = "Month of the year").
y(field = null, aggregate = "count", `type` = "quantitative").
color(field = "weather", `type` = "nominal",
scale = json"""{
"domain": ["sun", "fog", "drizzle", "rain", "snow"],
"range": ["#e7ba52", "#c7c7c7", "#aec7e8", "#1f77b4", "#9467bd"]
}""",
legend = JsObject("title" -> JsString("Weather type"))
)
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_5"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"data": {"url": "https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/seattle-weather.csv"},
"mark": "bar",
"encoding": {
"x": {
"timeUnit": "month",
"field": "date",
"type": "ordinal",
"axis": {"title": "Month of the year"}
},
"y": {
"aggregate": "count",
"type": "quantitative"
},
"color": {
"field": "weather",
"type": "nominal",
"scale": {
"domain": ["sun", "fog", "drizzle", "rain", "snow"],
"range": ["#e7ba52", "#c7c7c7", "#aec7e8", "#1f77b4", "#9467bd"]
},
"legend": {"title": "Weather type"}
}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_5', spec);
</script>
<h3 id="stacked_round_bar" class="title">Stacked Bar Chart with Rounded Corners</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_6" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_6" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_6">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Stacked Bar with Rounded Corner");
bar.mark("bar").cornerRadiusTopLeft(3).cornerRadiusTopRight(3);
bar.data().url("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/seattle-weather.csv");
bar.encode("x", "date").type("ordinal").timeUnit("month").title("Month of the year");
bar.encode("y", null).type("quantitative").aggregate("count");
bar.encode("color", "weather").type("nominal");
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_6">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val stackedRoundedBar = VegaLite("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/seattle-weather.csv").
mark(JsObject("type" -> "bar", "cornerRadiusTopLeft" -> 3, "cornerRadiusTopRight" -> 3)).
x(field = "date", `type` = "ordinal", timeUnit = "month").
y(field = null, aggregate = "count", `type` = "quantitative").
color(field = "weather", `type` = "nominal")
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_6"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"data": {"url": "https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/seattle-weather.csv"},
"mark": {"type": "bar", "cornerRadiusTopLeft": 3, "cornerRadiusTopRight": 3},
"encoding": {
"x": {"timeUnit": "month", "field": "date", "type": "ordinal"},
"y": {"aggregate": "count", "type": "quantitative"},
"color": {"field": "weather", "type": "nominal"}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_6', spec);
</script>
<h3 id="horizontal_stacked_bar" class="title">Horizontal Stacked Bar Chart</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_7" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_7" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_7">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Horizontal Stacked Bar");
bar.mark("bar");
bar.data().url("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/barley.json");
bar.encode("x", "yield").type("quantitative").aggregate("sum");
bar.encode("y", "variety").type("nominal");
bar.encode("color", "site").type("nominal");
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_7">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val horizontalStackedBar = VegaLite("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/barley.json").
mark("bar").
x(field = "yield", `type` = "quantitative", aggregate = "sum").
y(field = "variety", `type` = "nominal").
color(field = "site", `type` = "nominal")
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_7"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"data": {"url": "https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/barley.json"},
"mark": "bar",
"encoding": {
"x": {"aggregate": "sum", "field": "yield", "type": "quantitative"},
"y": {"field": "variety", "type": "nominal"},
"color": {"field": "site", "type": "nominal"}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_7', spec);
</script>
<h3 id="layered_bar" class="title">Layered Bar Chart</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_8" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_8" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_8">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Layered Bar").widthStep(17);
bar.mark("bar");
bar.background().opacity(0.7);
bar.data().url("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json");
bar.transform()
.filter("datum.year == 2000")
.calculate("datum.sex == 2 ? 'Female' : 'Male'", "gender");
bar.encode("x", "age").type("ordinal");
bar.encode("y", "people").type("quantitative").aggregate("sum").title("population").stack(null);
bar.encode("color", "gender").type("nominal").range("#675193", "#ca8861");
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_8">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val layeredBar = VegaLite("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json").
mark("bar").
widthStep(17).
x(field = "age", `type` = "ordinal").
y(field = "people", `type` = "quantitative", aggregate = "sum", title = "population", stack = JsNull).
color(field = "gender", `type` = "nominal", scale = json"""{"range": ["#675193", "#ca8861"]}""").
opacity(0.7).
transform(
json"""{"filter": "datum.year == 2000"}""",
json"""{"calculate": "datum.sex == 2 ? 'Female' : 'Male'", "as": "gender"}"""
)
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_8"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"description": "A bar chart showing the US population distribution of age groups and gender in 2000.",
"data": { "url": "https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json"},
"transform": [
{"filter": "datum.year == 2000"},
{"calculate": "datum.sex == 2 ? 'Female' : 'Male'", "as": "gender"}
],
"width": {"step": 17},
"mark": "bar",
"encoding": {
"x": {"field": "age", "type": "ordinal"},
"y": {
"aggregate": "sum", "field": "people", "type": "quantitative",
"axis": {"title": "population"},
"stack": null
},
"color": {
"field": "gender", "type": "nominal",
"scale": {"range": ["#675193", "#ca8861"]}
},
"opacity": {"value": 0.7}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_8', spec);
</script>
<h3 id="normalized_stacked_bar" class="title">Normalized (Percentage) Stacked Bar Chart</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_9" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_9" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_9">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Normalized (Percentage) Stacked Bar").widthStep(17);
bar.mark("bar");
bar.background().opacity(0.7);
bar.data().url("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json");
bar.transform()
.filter("datum.year == 2000")
.calculate("datum.sex == 2 ? 'Female' : 'Male'", "gender");
bar.encode("x", "age").type("ordinal");
bar.encode("y", "people").type("quantitative").aggregate("sum").title("population").stack("normalize");
bar.encode("color", "gender").type("nominal").range("#675193", "#ca8861");
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_9">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val normalizedStackedBar = VegaLite("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json").
mark("bar").
widthStep(17).
x(field = "age", `type` = "ordinal").
y(field = "people", `type` = "quantitative", aggregate = "sum", title = "population", stack = "normalize").
color(field = "gender", `type` = "nominal", scale = json"""{"range": ["#675193", "#ca8861"]}""").
transform(
json"""{"filter": "datum.year == 2000"}""",
json"""{"calculate": "datum.sex == 2 ? 'Female' : 'Male'", "as": "gender"}"""
)
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_9"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"data": { "url": "https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/population.json"},
"transform": [
{"filter": "datum.year == 2000"},
{"calculate": "datum.sex == 2 ? 'Female' : 'Male'", "as": "gender"}
],
"mark": "bar",
"width": {"step": 17},
"encoding": {
"y": {
"aggregate": "sum", "field": "people", "type": "quantitative",
"axis": {"title": "population"},
"stack": "normalize"
},
"x": {"field": "age", "type": "ordinal"},
"color": {
"field": "gender", "type": "nominal",
"scale": {"range": ["#675193", "#ca8861"]}
}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_9', spec);
</script>
<h3 id="gantt_chart" class="title">Gantt Chart</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_10" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_10" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_10">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var gantt = new View("Gantt Chart");
gantt.data().values("""
[
{"task": "A", "start": 1, "end": 3},
{"task": "B", "start": 3, "end": 8},
{"task": "C", "start": 8, "end": 10}
]""");
gantt.mark("bar");
gantt.encode("x", "start").type("quantitative");
gantt.encode("x2", "end").type("quantitative");
gantt.encode("y", "task").type("ordinal");
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_10">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val gantt = VegaLite.view().
mark("bar").
y(field = "task", `type` = "ordinal").
x(field = "start", `type` = "quantitative").
x2(field = "end").
data(jsan"""
[
{"task": "A", "start": 1, "end": 3},
{"task": "B", "start": 3, "end": 8},
{"task": "C", "start": 8, "end": 10}
]"""
)
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_10"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"description": "A simple bar chart with ranged data (aka Gantt Chart).",
"data": {
"values": [
{"task": "A", "start": 1, "end": 3},
{"task": "B", "start": 3, "end": 8},
{"task": "C", "start": 8, "end": 10}
]
},
"mark": "bar",
"encoding": {
"y": {"field": "task", "type": "ordinal"},
"x": {"field": "start", "type": "quantitative"},
"x2": {"field": "end"}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_10', spec);
</script>
<h3 id="color_bar" class="title">A Bar Chart Encoding Color Names in the Data</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_11" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_11" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_11">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Bar Chart Encoding Color Names in the Data");
bar.data().values("""
[
{"color": "red", "b": 28},
{"color": "green", "b": 55},
{"color": "blue", "b": 43}
]""");
bar.mark("bar");
bar.encode("x", "color").type("nominal");
bar.encode("y", "b").type("quantitative");
bar.encode("color", "color").type("nominal").scale(null);
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_11">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val colorBar = VegaLite.view().
mark("bar").
x(field = "color", `type` = "nominal").
y(field = "b", `type` = "quantitative").
color(field = "color", `type` = "nominal", scale = JsNull).
data(jsan"""
[
{"color": "red", "b": 28},
{"color": "green", "b": 55},
{"color": "blue", "b": 43}
]"""
)
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_11"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var spec = {
"$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json",
"description": "A bar chart that directly encodes color names in the data.",
"data": {
"values": [
{
"color": "red",
"b": 28
},
{
"color": "green",
"b": 55
},
{
"color": "blue",
"b": 43
}
]
},
"mark": "bar",
"encoding": {
"x": {
"field": "color",
"type": "nominal"
},
"y": {
"field": "b",
"type": "quantitative"
},
"color": {
"field": "color",
"type": "nominal",
"scale": null
}
}
};
vegaEmbed('#vis_11', spec);
</script>
<h2 id="histogram_density" class="title">Histograms and Density Plots</h2>
<h3 id="histogram" class="title">Histogram</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="#java_12" data-toggle="tab">Java</a></li>
<li><a href="#scala_12" data-toggle="tab">Scala</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="java_12">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-java"><code>
var bar = new View("Histogram");
bar.mark("bar");
bar.data().url("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/movies.json");
bar.encode("x", "IMDB Rating").type("quantitative").bin(true);
bar.encode("y", null).type("quantitative").aggregate("count");
bar.encode("color", "gender").type("nominal").range("#675193", "#ca8861");
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="scala_12">
<div class="code" style="text-align: left;">
<pre class="prettyprint lang-scala"><code>
val histogram = VegaLite("https://vega.github.io/vega-lite/examples/data/movies.json").
mark("bar").
x(field = "IMDB Rating", `type` = "quantitative", bin = Left(true)).
y(field = null, `type` = "quantitative", aggregate = "count")
</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="vis_12"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">