diff --git a/pkg/runner/batch.go b/pkg/runner/batch.go
index 5f9d251db..7462a003a 100644
--- a/pkg/runner/batch.go
+++ b/pkg/runner/batch.go
@@ -11,32 +11,16 @@ import (
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/hyperledger-labs/fabric-smart-client/platform/view/services/flogging"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 )
 
-var logger = flogging.MustGetLogger("batch-executor")
-
-type BatchExecutor[I any, O any] interface {
-	Execute(input I) (O, error)
-}
-
-type BatchRunner[V any] interface {
-	Run(v V) error
-}
-
-type Output[O any] struct {
-	Val O
-	Err error
-}
-
 type batcher[I any, O any] struct {
 	idx      uint32
 	inputs   []chan I
 	outputs  []chan O
 	locks    []sync.Mutex
 	len      uint32
-	executor func([]I) []O
+	executor ExecuteFunc[I, O]
 	timeout  time.Duration
 }
 
@@ -120,7 +104,7 @@ type batchExecutor[I any, O any] struct {
 	*batcher[I, Output[O]]
 }
 
-func NewBatchExecutor[I any, O any](executor func([]I) []Output[O], capacity int, timeout time.Duration) BatchExecutor[I, O] {
+func NewBatchExecutor[I any, O any](executor ExecuteFunc[I, Output[O]], capacity int, timeout time.Duration) BatchExecutor[I, O] {
 	return &batchExecutor[I, O]{batcher: newBatcher(executor, capacity, timeout)}
 }
 
@@ -133,10 +117,6 @@ type batchRunner[V any] struct {
 	*batcher[V, error]
 }
 
-func NewSerialRunner[V any](runner func([]V) []error) BatchRunner[V] {
-	return NewBatchRunner(runner, 1, 1*time.Hour)
-}
-
 func NewBatchRunner[V any](runner func([]V) []error, capacity int, timeout time.Duration) BatchRunner[V] {
 	return &batchRunner[V]{batcher: newBatcher(runner, capacity, timeout)}
 }
diff --git a/pkg/runner/runner.go b/pkg/runner/runner.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a1ec4a082
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/runner/runner.go
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+Copyright IBM Corp. All Rights Reserved.
+
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+*/
+
+package runner
+
+import "github.com/hyperledger-labs/fabric-smart-client/platform/view/services/flogging"
+
+var logger = flogging.MustGetLogger("batch-executor")
+
+type BatchExecutor[I any, O any] interface {
+	Execute(input I) (O, error)
+}
+
+type BatchRunner[V any] interface {
+	Run(v V) error
+}
+
+type Output[O any] struct {
+	Val O
+	Err error
+}
+
+type ExecuteFunc[I any, O any] func([]I) []O
diff --git a/pkg/runner/serial.go b/pkg/runner/serial.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..02dfb57de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/runner/serial.go
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+Copyright IBM Corp. All Rights Reserved.
+
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+*/
+
+package runner
+
+func NewSerialRunner[V any](runner ExecuteFunc[V, error]) BatchRunner[V] {
+	return &serialRunner[V]{executor: runner}
+}
+
+type serialRunner[V any] struct {
+	executor ExecuteFunc[V, error]
+}
+
+func (r *serialRunner[V]) Run(val V) error {
+	return r.executor([]V{val})[0]
+}
+
+func NewSerialExecutor[I any, O any](executor ExecuteFunc[I, Output[O]]) BatchExecutor[I, O] {
+	return &serialExecutor[I, O]{executor: executor}
+}
+
+type serialExecutor[I any, O any] struct {
+	executor ExecuteFunc[I, Output[O]]
+}
+
+func (r *serialExecutor[I, O]) Execute(input I) (O, error) {
+	res := r.executor([]I{input})[0]
+	return res.Val, res.Err
+}