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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<title>30 Seconds of CSS</title>
<meta name="description" content="A curated collection of useful CSS snippets you can understand in 30 seconds or less. From foundational elements such as clearfix to gradient text color and gradient cursor tracking to CSS easing and far beyond.">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="./favicon-32x32.png">
<script src="./src/js/index.js" defer=""></script>
<script async="" defer="" src="https://buttons.github.io/buttons.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<button class="back-to-top-button" aria-label="back to top">↑</button>
<nav class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of Contents">
<button class="hamburger hamburger--spin sidebar__menu" type="button" aria-label="Menu" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="hamburger-box">
<span class="hamburger-inner"></span>
</span>
</button>
<div class="sidebar__links">
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#box-sizing-reset">Box-sizing reset</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#clearfix">Clearfix</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#constant-width-to-height-ratio">Constant width to height ratio</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#custom-scrollbar">Custom scrollbar</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#custom-text-selection">Custom text selection</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#disable-selection">Disable selection</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#donut-spinner">Donut spinner</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#easing-variables">Easing variables</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#etched-text">Etched text</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#evenly-distributed-children">Evenly distributed children</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#gradient-text">Gradient text</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#hairline-border">Hairline border</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#horizontal-and-vertical-centering">Horizontal and vertical centering</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#hover-underline-animation">Hover underline animation</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking">Mouse cursor gradient tracking</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#overflow-scroll-gradient">Overflow scroll gradient</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#popout-menu">Popout menu</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#pretty-text-underline">Pretty text underline</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#shape-separator">Shape separator</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#system-font-stack">System font stack</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#triangle">Triangle</a>
<a class="sidebar__link" href="#truncate-text">Truncate text</a>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="content-wrapper">
<header class="header">
<div class="container">
<img class="header__logo" draggable="false" src="./src/img/logo.png">
<h1 class="header__heading">30 Seconds of <strong class="header__css">CSS</strong></h1>
<p class="header__description">
A curated collection of useful CSS snippets you can understand in 30 seconds or less.
</p>
<a class="github-button header__github-button" href="https://github.com/atomiks/30-seconds-of-css" data-icon="octicon-star" data-size="large" data-show-count="true" aria-label="Star atomiks/30-seconds-of-css on GitHub">Star</a>
</div>
</header>
<main class="main" id="main">
<div class="container">
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="box-sizing-reset">Box-sizing reset</h3>
<p>Resets the box-model so that <code>width</code>s and <code>height</code>s are not affected by their <code>border</code>s or <code>padding</code>.</p>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">html {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
*,
*::before,
*::after {
box-sizing: inherit;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<div class="snippet-demo__box-sizing-reset">Demo</div>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__box-sizing-reset {
box-sizing: border-box;
width: 200px;
padding: 1.5em;
color: #7983ff;
font-family: sans-serif;
background-color: white;
border: 5px solid;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<ol>
<li><code>box-sizing: border-box</code> makes the addition of <code>padding</code> or <code>border</code>s not affect an element's <code>width</code> or <code>height</code>.</li>
<li><code>box-sizing: inherit</code> makes an element respect its parent's <code>box-sizing</code> rule.</li>
</ol>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
98.2%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">✅ No caveats.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css3-boxsizing" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=css3-boxsizing</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="clearfix">Clearfix</h3>
<p>Ensures that an element self-clears its children.</p>
<h6 data-type="Note: This is only useful if you are still using float to build layouts. Please consider using a modern approach with flexbox layout or grid layout.">Note: This is only useful if you are still using float to build layouts. Please consider using a modern approach with flexbox layout or grid layout.</h6>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><div class="clearfix">
<div class="floated">float a</div>
<div class="floated">float b</div>
<div class="floated">float c</div>
</div>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.clearfix::after {
content: "";
display: block;
clear: both;
}
.floated {
float: left;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<div class="snippet-demo__clearfix">
<div class="snippet-demo__floated">float a</div>
<div class="snippet-demo__floated">float b</div>
<div class="snippet-demo__floated">float c</div>
</div>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__clearfix::after {
content: '';
display: block;
clear: both;
}
.snippet-demo__floated {
float: left;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<ol>
<li><code>.clearfix::after</code> defines a pseudo-element.</li>
<li><code>content: ''</code> allows the pseudo-element to affect layout.</li>
<li><code>clear: both</code> indicates that the left, right or both sides of the element cannot be adjacent to earlier floated elements within the same block formatting context.</li>
</ol>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
99+%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">✅ No caveats.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="constant-width-to-height-ratio">Constant width to height ratio</h3>
<p>Given an element of variable width, it will ensure its height remains proportionate in a responsive fashion (i.e., its width to height ratio remains constant).</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><div class="constant-width-to-height-ratio"></div>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.constant-width-to-height-ratio {
background: #333;
width: 50%;
padding-top: 50%;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<p>Resize your browser window to see the proportion of the element remain the same.</p>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<div class="snippet-demo__constant-width-to-height-ratio"></div>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__constant-width-to-height-ratio {
background: #333;
width: 50%;
padding-top: 50%;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<p><code>padding-top</code> and <code>padding-bottom</code> can be used as an alternative to <code>height</code> such that the percentage value causes an element's height to become a percentage of its parent's width, i.e. <code>50%</code> means
the height will be 50% of the parent element's width, which means it acts the same as <code>width</code>. This allows its proportion to remain constant.</p>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
99+%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">⚠️ <code>padding-top</code> pushes any content within the element to the bottom.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="custom-scrollbar">Custom scrollbar</h3>
<p>Customizes the scrollbar style for the document and elements with scrollable overflow, on WebKit platforms.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><div class="custom-scrollbar">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Iure id exercitationem nulla qui repellat laborum vitae, molestias tempora velit natus. Quas, assumenda nisi. Quisquam enim qui iure, consequatur velit sit?</p>
</div>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">/* Document scrollbar */
::-webkit-scrollbar {
width: 8px;
}
::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
border-radius: 10px;
}
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}
/* Scrollable element */
.some-element::webkit-scrollbar {
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<div class="snippet-demo__custom-scrollbar">
<p>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Iure id exercitationem nulla qui repellat laborum vitae, molestias tempora velit natus. Quas, assumenda nisi. Quisquam enim qui iure, consequatur velit sit?
</p>
<p>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Iure id exercitationem nulla qui repellat laborum vitae, molestias tempora velit natus. Quas, assumenda nisi. Quisquam enim qui iure, consequatur velit sit?
</p>
</div>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__custom-scrollbar {
height: 100px;
overflow: auto;
}
.snippet-demo__custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar {
width: 8px;
}
.snippet-demo__custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
border-radius: 10px;
}
.snippet-demo__custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<ol>
<li><code>::-webkit-scrollbar</code> targets the whole scrollbar element.</li>
<li><code>::-webkit-scrollbar-track</code> targets only the scrollbar track.</li>
<li><code>::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb</code> targets the scrollbar thumb.</li>
</ol>
<p>There are many other pseudo-elements that you can use to style scrollbars. For more info, visit the
<a href="https://webkit.org/blog/363/styling-scrollbars/" target="_blank">WebKit Blog</a>
</p>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
87.3%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">⚠️ Scrollbar styling doesn't appear to be on any standards track.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-scrollbar" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-scrollbar</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="custom-text-selection">Custom text selection</h3>
<p>Changes the styling of text selection.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><p class="custom-text-selection">Select some of this text.</p>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">::selection {
background: aquamarine;
color: black;
}
.custom-text-selection::selection {
background: deeppink;
color: white;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<p class="snippet-demo__custom-text-selection">Select some of this text.</p>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__custom-text-selection::selection {
background: deeppink;
color: white;
}
.snippet-demo__custom-text-selection::-moz-selection {
background: deeppink;
color: white;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<p><code>::selection</code> defines a pseudo selector on an element to style text within it when selected. Note that if you don't combine any other selector your style will be applied at document root level, to any selectable element.</p>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
84.6%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">⚠️ Requires prefixes for full support and is not actually
in any specification.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-selection" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-selection</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="disable-selection">Disable selection</h3>
<p>Makes the content unselectable.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><p>You can select me.</p>
<p class="unselectable">You can't select me!</p>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.unselectable {
user-select: none;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<p>You can select me.</p>
<p class="snippet-demo__disable-selection">You can't select me!</p>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__disable-selection {
user-select: none;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<p><code>user-select: none</code> specifies that the text cannot be selected.</p>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
86.3%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">⚠️ Requires prefixes for full support.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=user-select-none" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=user-select-none</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="donut-spinner">Donut spinner</h3>
<p>Creates a donut spinner that can be used to indicate the loading of content.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><div class="donut"></div>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">@keyframes donut-spin {
0% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}
.donut {
display: inline-block;
border: 4px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
border-left-color: #7983ff;
border-radius: 50%;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
animation: donut-spin 1.2s linear infinite;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<div class="snippet-demo__donut-spinner"></div>
</div>
<style>
@keyframes snippet-demo__donut-spin {
0% {
transform: rotate(0deg);
}
100% {
transform: rotate(360deg);
}
}
.snippet-demo__donut-spinner {
display: inline-block;
border: 4px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
border-left-color: #7983ff;
border-radius: 50%;
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
animation: snippet-demo__donut-spin 1.2s linear infinite;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<p>Use a semi-transparent <code>border</code> for the whole element, except one side that will serve as the loading indicator for the donut. Use <code>animation</code> to rotate the element.</p>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
94.8%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">⚠️ Requires prefixes for full support.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-animation" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-animation</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=transforms2d" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=transforms2d</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="easing-variables">Easing variables</h3>
<p>Variables that can be reused for <code>transition-timing-function</code> properties, more powerful than the built-in <code>ease</code>, <code>ease-in</code>, <code>ease-out</code> and <code>ease-in-out</code>.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><div class="easing-variables"></div>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">:root {
--ease-in-quad: cubic-bezier(0.55, 0.085, 0.68, 0.53);
--ease-in-cubic: cubic-bezier(0.55, 0.055, 0.675, 0.19);
--ease-in-quart: cubic-bezier(0.895, 0.03, 0.685, 0.22);
--ease-in-quint: cubic-bezier(0.755, 0.05, 0.855, 0.06);
--ease-in-expo: cubic-bezier(0.95, 0.05, 0.795, 0.035);
--ease-in-circ: cubic-bezier(0.6, 0.04, 0.98, 0.335);
--ease-out-quad: cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94);
--ease-out-cubic: cubic-bezier(0.215, 0.61, 0.355, 1);
--ease-out-quart: cubic-bezier(0.165, 0.84, 0.44, 1);
--ease-out-quint: cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
--ease-out-expo: cubic-bezier(0.19, 1, 0.22, 1);
--ease-out-circ: cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1);
--ease-in-out-quad: cubic-bezier(0.455, 0.03, 0.515, 0.955);
--ease-in-out-cubic: cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);
--ease-in-out-quart: cubic-bezier(0.77, 0, 0.175, 1);
--ease-in-out-quint: cubic-bezier(0.86, 0, 0.07, 1);
--ease-in-out-expo: cubic-bezier(1, 0, 0, 1);
--ease-in-out-circ: cubic-bezier(0.785, 0.135, 0.15, 0.86);
}
.easing-variables {
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
background: #333;
transition: transform 1s var(--ease-out-quart);
}
.easing-variables:hover {
transform: rotate(45deg);
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<div class="snippet-demo__easing-variables">Hover</div>
</div>
<style>
:root {
--ease-in-quad: cubic-bezier(0.55, 0.085, 0.68, 0.53);
--ease-in-cubic: cubic-bezier(0.55, 0.055, 0.675, 0.19);
--ease-in-quart: cubic-bezier(0.895, 0.03, 0.685, 0.22);
--ease-in-quint: cubic-bezier(0.755, 0.05, 0.855, 0.06);
--ease-in-expo: cubic-bezier(0.95, 0.05, 0.795, 0.035);
--ease-in-circ: cubic-bezier(0.6, 0.04, 0.98, 0.335);
--ease-out-quad: cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94);
--ease-out-cubic: cubic-bezier(0.215, 0.61, 0.355, 1);
--ease-out-quart: cubic-bezier(0.165, 0.84, 0.44, 1);
--ease-out-quint: cubic-bezier(0.23, 1, 0.32, 1);
--ease-out-expo: cubic-bezier(0.19, 1, 0.22, 1);
--ease-out-circ: cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1);
--ease-in-out-quad: cubic-bezier(0.455, 0.03, 0.515, 0.955);
--ease-in-out-cubic: cubic-bezier(0.645, 0.045, 0.355, 1);
--ease-in-out-quart: cubic-bezier(0.77, 0, 0.175, 1);
--ease-in-out-quint: cubic-bezier(0.86, 0, 0.07, 1);
--ease-in-out-expo: cubic-bezier(1, 0, 0, 1);
--ease-in-out-circ: cubic-bezier(0.785, 0.135, 0.15, 0.86);
}
.snippet-demo__easing-variables {
width: 75px;
height: 75px;
background: #333;
color: white;
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-weight: bold;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
transition: transform 1s var(--ease-out-quart);
}
.snippet-demo__easing-variables:hover {
transform: rotate(45deg);
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<p>The variables are defined globally within the <code>:root</code> CSS pseudo-class which matches the root element of a tree representing the document. In HTML, <code>:root</code> represents the <code><html></code> element and is identical
to the selector <code>html</code>, except that its specificity is higher.</p>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
87.2%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">✅ No caveats.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-variables" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-variables</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="etched-text">Etched text</h3>
<p>Creates an effect where text appears to be "etched" or engraved into the background.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><p class="etched-text">I appear etched into the background.</p>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.etched-text {
text-shadow: 0 2px white;
font-size: 1.5rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: #b8bec5;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<p class="snippet-demo__etched-text">I appear etched into the background.</p>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__etched-text {
font-size: 1.5rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: #b8bec5;
text-shadow: 0 2px 0 white;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<p><code>text-shadow: 0 2px white</code> creates a white shadow offset <code>0px</code> horizontally and <code>2px</code> vertically from the origin position.</p>
<p>The background must be darker than the shadow for the effect to work.</p>
<p>The text color should be slightly faded to make it look like it's engraved/carved out of the background.</p>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
97.9%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">✅ No caveats.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-textshadow" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-textshadow</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="evenly-distributed-children">Evenly distributed children</h3>
<p>Evenly distributes child elements within a parent element.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><div class="evenly-distributed-children">
<p>Item1</p>
<p>Item2</p>
<p>Item3</p>
</div>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.evenly-distributed-children {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<div class="snippet-demo__evenly-distributed-children">
<p>Item1</p>
<p>Item2</p>
<p>Item3</p>
</div>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__evenly-distributed-children {
display: flex;
width: 100%;
justify-content: space-between;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<ol>
<li><code>display: flex</code> enables flexbox.</li>
<li><code>justify-content: space-between</code> evenly distributes child elements horizontally. The first item is positioned at the left edge, while the last item is positioned at the right edge.</li>
</ol>
<p>Alternatively, use <code>justify-content: space-around</code> to distribute the children with space around them, rather than between them.</p>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
97.8%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">⚠️ Needs prefixes for full support.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=flexbox" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=flexbox</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="gradient-text">Gradient text</h3>
<p>Gives text a gradient color.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><p class="gradient-text">Gradient text</p>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.gradient-text {
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(pink, red);
-webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
-webkit-background-clip: text;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<p class="snippet-demo__gradient-text">
Gradient text
</p>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__gradient-text {
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(pink, red);
-webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
-webkit-background-clip: text;
font-size: 2rem;
font-weight: bold;
margin: 0;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<ol>
<li><code>background: -webkit-linear-gradient(...)</code> gives the text element a gradient background.</li>
<li><code>webkit-text-fill-color: transparent</code> fills the text with a transparent color.</li>
<li><code>webkit-background-clip: text</code> clips the background with the text, filling the text with the gradient background as the color.</li>
</ol>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
90.7%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">⚠️ Uses non-standard properties.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=text-stroke" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=text-stroke</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="hairline-border">Hairline border</h3>
<p>Gives an element a border equal to 1 native device pixel in width, which can look very sharp and crisp.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><div class="hairline-border">text</div>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.hairline-border {
box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px;
}
@media (min-resolution: 2dppx) {
.hairline-border {
box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.5px;
}
}
@media (min-resolution: 3dppx) {
.hairline-border {
box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.33333333px;
}
}
@media (min-resolution: 4dppx) {
.hairline-border {
box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.25px;
}
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<p class="snippet-demo__hairline-border">Text with a hairline border around it.</p>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__hairline-border {
box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px;
}
@media (min-resolution: 2dppx) {
.snippet-demo__hairline-border {
box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.5px;
}
}
@media (min-resolution: 3dppx) {
.snippet-demo__hairline-border {
box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.33333333px;
}
}
@media (min-resolution: 4dppx) {
.snippet-demo__hairline-border {
box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.25px;
}
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<ol>
<li><code>box-shadow</code>, when only using spread, adds a pseudo-border which can use subpixels*.</li>
<li>Use <code>@media (min-resolution: ...)</code> to check the device pixel ratio (<code>1dppx</code> equals 96 DPI), setting the spread of the <code>box-shadow</code> equal to <code>1 / dppx</code>.</li>
</ol>
<h4 data-type="Browser Support">Browser Support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
95.0%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">⚠️ Needs alternate syntax and JavaScript user agent checking for full support.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-boxshadow" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-boxshadow</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-media-resolution" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-media-resolution</a>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<p>*Chrome does not support subpixel values on <code>border</code>. Safari does not support subpixel values on <code>box-shadow</code>. Firefox supports subpixel values on both.</p>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="horizontal-and-vertical-centering">Horizontal and vertical centering</h3>
<p>Horizontally and vertically centers a child element within a parent element.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><div class="horizontal-and-vertical-centering">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.horizontal-and-vertical-centering {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<div class="snippet-demo__horizontal-and-vertical-centering">
<p class="snippet-demo__horizontal-and-vertical-centering__child">Centered content.</p>
</div>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__horizontal-and-vertical-centering {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 200px;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<ol>
<li><code>display: flex</code> enables flexbox.</li>
<li><code>justify-content: center</code> centers the child horizontally.</li>
<li><code>align-items: center</code> centers the child vertically.</li>
</ol>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
97.8%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">⚠️ Needs prefixes for full support.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=flexbox" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=flexbox</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="hover-underline-animation">Hover underline animation</h3>
<p>Creates an animated underline effect when the text is hovered over.</p>
<p>
<small><strong>Credit:</strong>
<a href="https://flatuicolors.com/" target="_blank">https://flatuicolors.com/</a>
</small>
</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><p class="hover-underline-animation">Hover this text to see the effect!</p>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.hover-underline-animation {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
color: #0087ca;
}
.hover-underline-animation::after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
transform: scaleX(0);
height: 2px;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
background-color: #0087ca;
transform-origin: bottom right;
transition: transform 0.25s ease-out;
}
.hover-underline-animation:hover::after {
transform: scaleX(1);
transform-origin: bottom left;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<p class="snippet-demo__hover-underline-animation">Hover this text to see the effect!</p>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__hover-underline-animation {
display: inline-block;
position: relative;
color: #0087ca;
}
.snippet-demo__hover-underline-animation::after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
transform: scaleX(0);
height: 2px;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
background-color: #0087ca;
transform-origin: bottom right;
transition: transform 0.25s ease-out;
}
.snippet-demo__hover-underline-animation:hover::after {
transform: scaleX(1);
transform-origin: bottom left;
}
</style>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<ol>
<li><code>display: inline-block</code> makes the block <code>p</code> an <code>inline-block</code> to prevent the underline from spanning the entire parent width rather than just the content (text).</li>
<li><code>position: relative</code> on the element establishes a Cartesian positioning context for pseudo-elements.</li>
<li><code>::after</code> defines a pseudo-element.</li>
<li><code>position: absolute</code> takes the pseudo element out of the flow of the document and positions it in relation to the parent.</li>
<li><code>width: 100%</code> ensures the pseudo-element spans the entire width of the text block.</li>
<li><code>transform: scaleX(0)</code> initially scales the pseudo element to 0 so it has no width and is not visible.</li>
<li><code>bottom: 0</code> and <code>left: 0</code> position it to the bottom left of the block.</li>
<li><code>transition: transform 0.25s ease-out</code> means changes to <code>transform</code> will be transitioned over 0.25 seconds with an <code>ease-out</code> timing function.</li>
<li><code>transform-origin: bottom right</code> means the transform anchor point is positioned at the bottom right of the block.</li>
<li><code>:hover::after</code> then uses <code>scaleX(1)</code> to transition the width to 100%, then changes the <code>transform-origin</code> to <code>bottom left</code> so that the anchor point is reversed, allowing it transition out in the
other direction when hovered off.</li>
</ol>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
94.9%
</div>
</div>
<p><span class="snippet__support-note">✅ No caveats.</span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=transforms2d" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=transforms2d</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-transitions" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-transitions</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking">Mouse cursor gradient tracking</h3>
<p>A hover effect where the gradient follows the mouse cursor.</p>
<p>
<small class="snippet__credit"><strong>Credit:</strong>
<a href="https://codepen.io/electerious/pen/MQrRxX" target="_blank">Tobias Reich</a>
</small>
</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><button class="mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking">
<span>Hover me</span>
</button>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking {
position: relative;
background: #7983ff;
padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
font-size: 1.2rem;
border: none;
color: white;
cursor: pointer;
outline: none;
overflow: hidden;
}
.mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking span {
position: relative;
}
.mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking::before {
--size: 0;
content: '';
position: absolute;
left: var(--x);
top: var(--y);
width: var(--size);
height: var(--size);
background: radial-gradient(circle closest-side, pink, transparent);
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
transition: width .2s ease, height .2s ease;
}
.mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking:hover::before {
--size: 200px;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="JavaScript">JavaScript</h4><pre><code class="lang-js">var btn = document.querySelector('.mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking')
btn.onmousemove = function (e) {
var x = e.pageX - btn.offsetLeft
var y = e.pageY - btn.offsetTop
btn.style.setProperty('--x', x + 'px')
btn.style.setProperty('--y', y + 'px')
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<button class="snippet-demo__mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking">
<span>Hover me</span>
</button>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking {
position: relative;
background: #7983ff;
padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
font-size: 1.2rem;
border: none;
color: white;
cursor: pointer;
outline: none;
overflow: hidden;
}
.snippet-demo__mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking span {
position: relative;
}
.snippet-demo__mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking::before {
--size: 0;
content: '';
position: absolute;
left: var(--x);
top: var(--y);
width: var(--size);
height: var(--size);
background: radial-gradient(circle closest-side, aqua, rgba(0, 255, 255, 0.0001));
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
transition: width .2s ease, height .2s ease;
}
.snippet-demo__mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking:hover::before {
--size: 200px;
}
</style>
<script>
(function() {
var btn = document.querySelector('.snippet-demo__mouse-cursor-gradient-tracking')
btn.onmousemove = function(e) {
var x = e.pageX - btn.offsetLeft - btn.offsetParent.offsetLeft
var y = e.pageY - btn.offsetTop - btn.offsetParent.offsetTop
btn.style.setProperty('--x', x + 'px')
btn.style.setProperty('--y', y + 'px')
}
})()
</script>
<h4 data-type="Explanation">Explanation</h4>
<p><em>TODO</em></p>
<p><strong>Note!</strong></p>
<p>If the element's parent has a positioning context (<code>position: relative</code>), you will need to subtract its offsets as well.</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js">var x = e.pageX - btn.offsetLeft - btn.offsetParent.offsetLeft
var y = e.pageY - btn.offsetTop - btn.offsetParent.offsetTop
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Browser support">Browser support</h4>
<div>
<div class="snippet__browser-support">
87.2%
</div>
</div>
<p></p>
<div class="snippet__requires-javascript">Requires JavaScript</div>
<span class="snippet__support-note">⚠️ Requires JavaScript.</span>
<p></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-variables" target="_blank">https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-variables</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="snippet">
<h3 id="overflow-scroll-gradient">Overflow scroll gradient</h3>
<p>Adds a fading gradient to an overflowing element to better indicate there is more content to be scrolled.</p>
<h4 data-type="HTML">HTML</h4><pre><code class="lang-html"><div class="overflow-scroll-gradient">
<div class="overflow-scroll-gradient__scroller">
Content to be scrolled
</div>
</div>
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="CSS">CSS</h4><pre><code class="lang-css">.overflow-scroll-gradient {
position: relative;
}
.overflow-scroll-gradient::after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
width: 300px;
height: 25px;
background: linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.001), white); /* transparent keyword is broken in Safari */
pointer-events: none;
}
.overflow-scroll-gradient__scroller {
overflow-y: scroll;
background: white;
width: 300px;
height: 250px;
padding: 15px 0;
line-height: 1.2;
text-align: center;
}
</code></pre>
<h4 data-type="Demo">Demo</h4>
<div class="snippet-demo">
<div class="snippet-demo__overflow-scroll-gradient">
<div class="snippet-demo__overflow-scroll-gradient__scroller">
Content to be scrolled
</div>
</div>
</div>
<style>
.snippet-demo__overflow-scroll-gradient {
position: relative;
}
.snippet-demo__overflow-scroll-gradient::after {
content: '';
background: linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.001), white);
position: absolute;