From acb435eaba468488f468ae8346e9ed368d462276 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ping He <phe@iastate.edu>
Date: Sat, 9 Dec 2023 20:02:06 -0600
Subject: [PATCH] More varyingVelocity BCs (#538)

* Enabled UMag to change during varyingVelocity.

* Aded varyingVelocityInletOutlet BC.
---
 dafoam/pyDAFoam.py                            |   5 +-
 src/adjoint/Make/files_Compressible           |   3 +-
 src/adjoint/Make/files_Incompressible         |   3 +-
 .../varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.C}      |  94 ++++-----
 .../varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.H}      |  74 +++----
 ...ingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.C | 197 ++++++++++++++++++
 ...ingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.H | 175 ++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 465 insertions(+), 86 deletions(-)
 rename src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/{varyingFlowDirection/varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.C => varyingVelocity/varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.C} (58%)
 rename src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/{varyingFlowDirection/varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.H => varyingVelocity/varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.H} (64%)
 create mode 100755 src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocityInletOutlet/varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.C
 create mode 100755 src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocityInletOutlet/varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.H

diff --git a/dafoam/pyDAFoam.py b/dafoam/pyDAFoam.py
index fd977cdf..0f1c2873 100755
--- a/dafoam/pyDAFoam.py
+++ b/dafoam/pyDAFoam.py
@@ -2464,8 +2464,6 @@ def solveAdjointUnsteady(self):
                             self.calcTotalDerivsField(objFuncName, designVarName, fieldType, dFScaling, True)
                         else:
                             raise Error("designVarType not valid!")
-                    
-                    Info("Computing partials for old times %f s" % self.solver.getElapsedClockTime())
 
                     # we need to calculate dRdW0TPsi for the previous time step
                     if ddtSchemeOrder == 1:
@@ -3153,6 +3151,9 @@ def _initSolver(self):
         adjMode = self.getOption("unsteadyAdjoint")["mode"]
         if adjMode == "hybrid":
             self.initTimeInstanceMats()
+        
+        Info("Init solver done! ElapsedClockTime %f s" % self.solver.getElapsedClockTime())
+        Info("Init solver done!. ElapsedCpuTime %f s" % self.solver.getElapsedCpuTime())
 
         self.solverInitialized = 1
 
diff --git a/src/adjoint/Make/files_Compressible b/src/adjoint/Make/files_Compressible
index b57407b5..1901dcca 100755
--- a/src/adjoint/Make/files_Compressible
+++ b/src/adjoint/Make/files_Compressible
@@ -91,7 +91,8 @@ DASolver/DATurboFoam/DATurboFoam.C
 
 boundaryConditions/multiFreqVector/multiFreqVectorFvPatchField.C
 boundaryConditions/nutUSpaldingWallFunctionDF/nutUSpaldingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarFieldDF.C
-boundaryConditions/varyingFlowDirection/varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.C
+boundaryConditions/varyingVelocity/varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.C
+boundaryConditions/varyingVelocityInletOutlet/varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.C
 models/dummyTurbulenceModel/makeDummyTurbulenceModelCompressible.C
 models/SpalartAllmarasFv3/makeSpalartAllmarasFv3Compressible.C
 models/SpalartAllmarasFv3FieldInversion/makeSpalartAllmarasFv3FieldInversionCompressible.C
diff --git a/src/adjoint/Make/files_Incompressible b/src/adjoint/Make/files_Incompressible
index 03e6d78a..aec2dcf2 100755
--- a/src/adjoint/Make/files_Incompressible
+++ b/src/adjoint/Make/files_Incompressible
@@ -102,7 +102,8 @@ DASolver/DAPimpleDyMFoam/DAPimpleDyMFoam.C
 
 boundaryConditions/multiFreqVector/multiFreqVectorFvPatchField.C
 boundaryConditions/nutUSpaldingWallFunctionDF/nutUSpaldingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarFieldDF.C
-boundaryConditions/varyingFlowDirection/varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.C
+boundaryConditions/varyingVelocity/varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.C
+boundaryConditions/varyingVelocityInletOutlet/varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.C
 models/dummyTurbulenceModel/makeDummyTurbulenceModelIncompressible.C
 models/SpalartAllmarasFv3/makeSpalartAllmarasFv3Incompressible.C
 models/SpalartAllmarasFv3FieldInversion/makeSpalartAllmarasFv3FieldInversionIncompressible.C
diff --git a/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingFlowDirection/varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.C b/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocity/varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.C
similarity index 58%
rename from src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingFlowDirection/varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.C
rename to src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocity/varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.C
index ed2ceb52..5e95f421 100755
--- a/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingFlowDirection/varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.C
+++ b/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocity/varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.C
@@ -27,34 +27,36 @@
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#include "varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.H"
+#include "varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.H"
 #include "volFields.H"
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-Foam::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(
+Foam::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(
     const fvPatch& p,
     const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>& iF)
     : fixedValueFvPatchVectorField(p, iF),
-      UMag_(0.0),
-      flowDir_("x"),
-      normalDir_("y"),
+      U0_(0.0),
+      URate_(0.0),
+      flowComponent_(0),
+      normalComponent_(1),
       alpha0_(0),
-      rate_(0)
+      alphaRate_(0)
 {
 }
 
-Foam::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(
+Foam::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(
     const fvPatch& p,
     const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>& iF,
     const dictionary& dict)
     : fixedValueFvPatchVectorField(p, iF),
-      UMag_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("UMag", 0.0)),
-      flowDir_(dict.lookupOrDefault<word>("flowDir", "x")),
-      normalDir_(dict.lookupOrDefault<word>("normalDir", "y")),
+      U0_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("U0", 0.0)),
+      URate_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("URate", 0.0)),
+      flowComponent_(dict.lookupOrDefault<label>("flowComponent", 0)),
+      normalComponent_(dict.lookupOrDefault<label>("normalComponent", 1)),
       alpha0_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("alpha0", 0.0)),
-      rate_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("rate", 0.0))
+      alphaRate_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("alphaRate", 0.0))
 {
 
     if (dict.found("value"))
@@ -68,66 +70,63 @@ Foam::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorF
     }
 }
 
-Foam::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(
-    const varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField& ptf,
+Foam::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(
+    const varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField& ptf,
     const fvPatch& p,
     const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>& iF,
     const fvPatchFieldMapper& mapper)
     : fixedValueFvPatchVectorField(p, iF),
-      UMag_(ptf.UMag_),
-      flowDir_(ptf.flowDir_),
-      normalDir_(ptf.normalDir_),
+      U0_(ptf.U0_),
+      URate_(ptf.URate_),
+      flowComponent_(ptf.flowComponent_),
+      normalComponent_(ptf.normalComponent_),
       alpha0_(ptf.alpha0_),
-      rate_(ptf.rate_)
+      alphaRate_(ptf.alphaRate_)
 {
     this->evaluate();
 }
 
-Foam::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(
-    const varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField& wbppsf)
+Foam::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(
+    const varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField& wbppsf)
     : fixedValueFvPatchVectorField(wbppsf),
-      UMag_(wbppsf.UMag_),
-      flowDir_(wbppsf.flowDir_),
-      normalDir_(wbppsf.normalDir_),
+      U0_(wbppsf.U0_),
+      URate_(wbppsf.URate_),
+      flowComponent_(wbppsf.flowComponent_),
+      normalComponent_(wbppsf.normalComponent_),
       alpha0_(wbppsf.alpha0_),
-      rate_(wbppsf.rate_)
+      alphaRate_(wbppsf.alphaRate_)
 {
     this->evaluate();
 }
 
-Foam::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(
-    const varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField& wbppsf,
+Foam::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(
+    const varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField& wbppsf,
     const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>& iF)
     : fixedValueFvPatchVectorField(wbppsf, iF),
-      UMag_(wbppsf.UMag_),
-      flowDir_(wbppsf.flowDir_),
-      normalDir_(wbppsf.normalDir_),
+      U0_(wbppsf.U0_),
+      URate_(wbppsf.URate_),
+      flowComponent_(wbppsf.flowComponent_),
+      normalComponent_(wbppsf.normalComponent_),
       alpha0_(wbppsf.alpha0_),
-      rate_(wbppsf.rate_)
+      alphaRate_(wbppsf.alphaRate_)
 {
     this->evaluate();
 }
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-void Foam::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField::updateCoeffs()
+void Foam::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField::updateCoeffs()
 {
     // calculate patch values
     const scalar t = this->db().time().timeOutputValue();
-    scalar alpha = alpha0_ + t * rate_;
-
-    HashTable<label> compTable;
-    compTable.set("x", 0);
-    compTable.set("y", 1);
-    compTable.set("z", 2);
+    scalar alpha = alpha0_ + t * alphaRate_;
+    scalar U = U0_ + t * URate_;
 
     vectorField& thisPatchRef = *this;
     vectorField thisPatch = thisPatchRef;
-    forAll(thisPatch, idxI) 
+    forAll(thisPatch, idxI)
     {
-        label compFlow = compTable[flowDir_];
-        label compNormal = compTable[normalDir_];
-        thisPatch[idxI][compFlow] = UMag_ * cos(alpha);
-        thisPatch[idxI][compNormal] = UMag_ * sin(alpha);
+        thisPatch[idxI][flowComponent_] = U * cos(alpha);
+        thisPatch[idxI][normalComponent_] = U * sin(alpha);
     }
 
     fvPatchVectorField::operator==(thisPatch);
@@ -135,14 +134,15 @@ void Foam::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField::updateCoeffs()
     fixedValueFvPatchVectorField::updateCoeffs();
 }
 
-void Foam::varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField::write(Ostream& os) const
+void Foam::varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField::write(Ostream& os) const
 {
     fixedValueFvPatchVectorField::write(os);
-    os.writeEntry("UMag", UMag_);
-    os.writeEntry("flowDir", flowDir_);
-    os.writeEntry("normalDir", normalDir_);
+    os.writeEntry("U0", U0_);
+    os.writeEntry("URate", URate_);
+    os.writeEntry("flowComponent", flowComponent_);
+    os.writeEntry("normalComponent", normalComponent_);
     os.writeEntry("alpha0", alpha0_);
-    os.writeEntry("rate", rate_);
+    os.writeEntry("alphaRate", alphaRate_);
     //writeEntry("value", os);
 }
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ namespace Foam
 {
 makePatchTypeField(
     fvPatchVectorField,
-    varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField);
+    varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField);
 }
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingFlowDirection/varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.H b/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocity/varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.H
similarity index 64%
rename from src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingFlowDirection/varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.H
rename to src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocity/varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.H
index 33aeacc5..4caa87f5 100755
--- a/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingFlowDirection/varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField.H
+++ b/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocity/varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField.H
@@ -27,39 +27,42 @@
 
     Description:
 
-        This boundary condition provides a varying flow direction at the far field
+        This boundary condition provides a varying velocity for the patch
     
-        U_flowDir = UMag * cos(alpha)
-        U_normalDir = UMag * sin(alpha)
-        alpha = alpha0 + rate * t
+        U[flowComponent] = U * cos(alpha)
+        U[normalComponent] = U * sin(alpha)
+        alpha = alpha0 + alphaRate * t
+        U = U0 + URate * t
     
         where
     
-        U_flowDir    : velocity component parallel to the flow. Options are: x, y, or z
-        U_normalDir  : velocity component normal to the flow. Options are: x, y, or z
-        UMag         : velocity magnitude [m/s]
+        flowComponent   : velocity component parallel to the flow. Options are: 0, 1, or 2, which corresponds to x, y, and z
+        normalComponent : velocity component normal to the flow. Options are: 0, 1, or 2, which corresponds to x, y, and z
+        U0           : initial velocity magnitude [m/s]
+        URate        : rate of change for the velocity magnitude
         alpha0       : initial flow angle [rad]
-        rate         : rate of change for the flow angle [rad/s]
+        alphaRate    : rate of change for the flow angle [rad/s]
     
         Example of the boundary condition specification:
         myPatch
         {
-            type             varyingFlowDirection;
-            UMag             10;
-            flowDir          x;
-            normalDir        y;
+            type             varyingVelocity;
+            U0               10;
+            URate            -0.2;
+            flowComponent     0;
+            normalComponent   1;
             alpha0           0;
-            rate             0.1;
+            alphaRate        0.1;
         }
     
         This will change the flow direction with a rate of 0.1 rad/s starting from 0 rad
-        U[0] = cos(0+0.1*t) 
-        U[1] = sin(0+0.1*t) 
+        U[0] = (10-0.2*t)*cos(0+0.1*t) 
+        U[1] = (10-0.2*t)*sin(0+0.1*t) 
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorFields_H
-#define varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorFields_H
+#ifndef varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorFields_H
+#define varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorFields_H
 
 #include "fixedValueFvPatchFields.H"
 
@@ -69,59 +72,60 @@ namespace Foam
 {
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-             Class varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField Declaration
+             Class varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-class varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField
+class varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField
     : public fixedValueFvPatchVectorField
 {
     // Private data
 
-    scalar UMag_;
-    word flowDir_;
-    word normalDir_;
+    scalar U0_;
+    scalar URate_;
+    label flowComponent_;
+    label normalComponent_;
     scalar alpha0_;
-    scalar rate_;
+    scalar alphaRate_;
 
 public:
     //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("varyingFlowDirection");
+    TypeName("varyingVelocity");
 
     // Constructors
 
     //- Construct from patch and internal field
-    varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(
+    varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(
         const fvPatch&,
         const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>&);
 
     //- Construct from patch, internal field and dictionary
-    varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(
+    varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(
         const fvPatch&,
         const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>&,
         const dictionary&);
 
-    //- Construct by mapping given varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField onto
+    //- Construct by mapping given varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField onto
     //  a new patch
-    varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(
-        const varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField&,
+    varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(
+        const varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField&,
         const fvPatch&,
         const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>&,
         const fvPatchFieldMapper&);
 
     //- Construct as copy
-    varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(
-        const varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField&);
+    varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(
+        const varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField&);
 
     //- Construct and return a clone
     virtual tmp<fvPatchVectorField> clone() const
     {
         return tmp<fvPatchVectorField>(
-            new varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(*this));
+            new varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(*this));
     }
 
     //- Construct as copy setting internal field reference
-    varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(
-        const varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField&,
+    varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(
+        const varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField&,
         const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>&);
 
     //- Construct and return a clone setting internal field reference
@@ -129,7 +133,7 @@ public:
         const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>& iF) const
     {
         return tmp<fvPatchVectorField>(
-            new varyingFlowDirectionFvPatchVectorField(*this, iF));
+            new varyingVelocityFvPatchVectorField(*this, iF));
     }
 
     // Member functions
diff --git a/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocityInletOutlet/varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.C b/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocityInletOutlet/varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.C
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..33bd8d17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocityInletOutlet/varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.C
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2011-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  | Copyright (C) 2017 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField::
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(
+        const fvPatch& p,
+        const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>& iF)
+    : mixedFvPatchField<vector>(p, iF),
+      phiName_("phi"),
+      U0_(0.0),
+      URate_(0.0),
+      flowComponent_(0),
+      normalComponent_(1),
+      alpha0_(0),
+      alphaRate_(0)
+{
+    forAll(this->refValue(), idxI)
+    {
+        this->refValue()[idxI] = pTraits<vector>::zero;
+    }
+    this->refGrad() = pTraits<vector>::zero;
+    this->valueFraction() = 0.0;
+}
+
+Foam::varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField::
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(
+        const varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField& ptf,
+        const fvPatch& p,
+        const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>& iF,
+        const fvPatchFieldMapper& mapper)
+    : mixedFvPatchField<vector>(ptf, p, iF, mapper),
+      phiName_(ptf.phiName_),
+      U0_(ptf.U0_),
+      URate_(ptf.URate_),
+      flowComponent_(ptf.flowComponent_),
+      normalComponent_(ptf.normalComponent_),
+      alpha0_(ptf.alpha0_),
+      alphaRate_(ptf.alphaRate_)
+{
+}
+
+Foam::varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField::
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(
+        const fvPatch& p,
+        const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>& iF,
+        const dictionary& dict)
+    : mixedFvPatchField<vector>(p, iF),
+      phiName_(dict.lookupOrDefault<word>("phi", "phi")),
+      U0_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("U0", 0.0)),
+      URate_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("URate", 0.0)),
+      flowComponent_(dict.lookupOrDefault<label>("flowComponent", 0)),
+      normalComponent_(dict.lookupOrDefault<label>("normalComponent", 1)),
+      alpha0_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("alpha0", 0.0)),
+      alphaRate_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("alphaRate", 0.0))
+{
+    this->patchType() = dict.lookupOrDefault<word>("patchType", word::null);
+
+    vector UInit = vector::zero;
+    UInit[flowComponent_] = U0_ * cos(alpha0_);
+    UInit[normalComponent_] = U0_ * sin(alpha0_);
+    forAll(this->refValue(), idxI)
+    {
+        this->refValue()[idxI] = UInit;
+    }
+
+    if (dict.found("value"))
+    {
+        fvPatchField<vector>::operator=(
+            vectorField("value", dict, p.size()));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        fvPatchField<vector>::operator=(this->refValue());
+    }
+
+    this->refGrad() = pTraits<vector>::zero;
+    this->valueFraction() = 0.0;
+}
+
+Foam::varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField::
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(
+        const varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField& ptf)
+    : mixedFvPatchField<vector>(ptf),
+      phiName_(ptf.phiName_),
+      U0_(ptf.U0_),
+      URate_(ptf.URate_),
+      flowComponent_(ptf.flowComponent_),
+      normalComponent_(ptf.normalComponent_),
+      alpha0_(ptf.alpha0_),
+      alphaRate_(ptf.alphaRate_)
+{
+}
+
+Foam::varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField::
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(
+        const varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField& ptf,
+        const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>& iF)
+    : mixedFvPatchField<vector>(ptf, iF),
+      phiName_(ptf.phiName_),
+      U0_(ptf.U0_),
+      URate_(ptf.URate_),
+      flowComponent_(ptf.flowComponent_),
+      normalComponent_(ptf.normalComponent_),
+      alpha0_(ptf.alpha0_),
+      alphaRate_(ptf.alphaRate_)
+{
+}
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void Foam::varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField::updateCoeffs()
+{
+    if (updated())
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const scalar t = this->db().time().timeOutputValue();
+    scalar alpha = alpha0_ + t * alphaRate_;
+    scalar U = U0_ + t * URate_;
+
+    const Field<scalar>& phip =
+        this->patch().template lookupPatchField<surfaceScalarField, scalar>(phiName_);
+
+    forAll(this->refValue(), faceI)
+    {
+        this->refValue()[faceI][flowComponent_] = U * cos(alpha) * (1.0 - pos0(phip[faceI]));
+        this->refValue()[faceI][normalComponent_] = U * sin(alpha) * (1.0 - pos0(phip[faceI]));
+    }
+
+    this->valueFraction() = 1.0 - pos0(phip);
+
+    mixedFvPatchField<vector>::updateCoeffs();
+}
+
+void Foam::varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField::write(Ostream& os)
+    const
+{
+    fvPatchVectorField::write(os);
+    os.writeEntry("phiName", phiName_);
+    os.writeEntry("U0", U0_);
+    os.writeEntry("URate", URate_);
+    os.writeEntry("flowComponent", flowComponent_);
+    os.writeEntry("normalComponent", normalComponent_);
+    os.writeEntry("alpha0", alpha0_);
+    os.writeEntry("alphaRate", alphaRate_);
+    //writeEntry("value", os);
+}
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void Foam::varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField::operator=
+(
+    const fvPatchVectorField& ptf
+)
+{
+    fvPatchVectorField::operator=
+    (
+        this->valueFraction()*this->refValue()
+        + (1 - this->valueFraction())*ptf
+    );
+}
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+makePatchTypeField(
+    fvPatchVectorField,
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField);
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocityInletOutlet/varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.H b/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocityInletOutlet/varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.H
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..f467bb90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/adjoint/boundaryConditions/varyingVelocityInletOutlet/varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField.H
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+
+    DAFoam  : Discrete Adjoint with OpenFOAM
+    Version : v3
+
+    This file is modified from OpenFOAM's source code
+    src/finiteVolume/fields/fvPatchFields/derived/inletOutlet
+
+    OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+
+    Copyright (C): 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
+
+    OpenFOAM License:
+
+        OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+        under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+        the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+        (at your option) any later version.
+    
+        OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+        ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+        FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+        for more details.
+    
+        You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+        along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+    Description:
+
+        This boundary condition provides a varying velocity for the patch
+    
+        U[flowComponent] = U * cos(alpha)
+        U[normalComponent] = U * sin(alpha)
+        alpha = alpha0 + alphaRate * t
+        U = U0 + URate * t
+    
+        where
+    
+        flowComponent   : velocity component parallel to the flow. Options are: 0, 1, or 2, which corresponds to x, y, and z
+        normalComponent : velocity component normal to the flow. Options are: 0, 1, or 2, which corresponds to x, y, and z
+        U0           : initial velocity magnitude [m/s]
+        URate        : rate of change for the velocity magnitude
+        alpha0       : initial flow angle [rad]
+        alphaRate    : rate of change for the flow angle [rad/s]
+    
+        Example of the boundary condition specification:
+        myPatch
+        {
+            type             varyingVelocityInletOutlet;
+            U0               10;
+            URate            -0.2;
+            flowComponent     0;
+            normalComponent   1;
+            alpha0           0;
+            alphaRate        0.1;
+        }
+    
+        This will change the flow direction with a rate of 0.1 rad/s starting from 0 rad
+        U[0] = (10-0.2*t)*cos(0+0.1*t) 
+        U[1] = (10-0.2*t)*sin(0+0.1*t) 
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField_H
+#define varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField_H
+
+#include "mixedFvPatchField.H"
+#include "volFields.H"
+#include "surfaceFields.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "fieldTypes.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+       Class varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField
+    : public mixedFvPatchField<vector>
+{
+    // Private data
+
+    //- Name of flux field
+    word phiName_;
+
+    scalar U0_;
+    scalar URate_;
+    label flowComponent_;
+    label normalComponent_;
+    scalar alpha0_;
+    scalar alphaRate_;
+
+public:
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("varyingVelocityInletOutlet");
+
+    // Constructors
+
+    //- Construct from patch and internal field
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(
+        const fvPatch&,
+        const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>&);
+
+    //- Construct from patch, internal field and dictionary
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(
+        const fvPatch&,
+        const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>&,
+        const dictionary&);
+
+    //- Construct by mapping given
+    //  varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField onto a new patch
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(
+        const varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField&,
+        const fvPatch&,
+        const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>&,
+        const fvPatchFieldMapper&);
+
+    //- Construct as copy
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(
+        const varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField&);
+
+    //- Construct and return a clone
+    virtual tmp<fvPatchVectorField> clone() const
+    {
+        return tmp<fvPatchVectorField>(
+            new varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(*this));
+    }
+
+    //- Construct as copy setting internal field reference
+    varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(
+        const varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField&,
+        const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>&);
+
+    //- Construct and return a clone setting internal field reference
+    virtual tmp<fvPatchVectorField> clone(
+        const DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>& iF) const
+    {
+        return tmp<fvPatchVectorField>(
+            new varyingVelocityInletOutletFvPatchVectorField(*this, iF));
+    }
+
+    // Member functions
+
+    // Access
+
+    // Evaluation functions
+
+    //- Return true: this patch field is altered by assignment
+    virtual bool assignable() const
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    //- Update the coefficients associated with the patch field
+    virtual void updateCoeffs();
+
+    //- Write
+    virtual void write(Ostream&) const;
+
+    virtual void operator=(const fvPatchVectorField& pvf);
+};
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //