diff --git a/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/BUILD.bazel b/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/BUILD.bazel
index 9dd3c2c012b6..29e142aad5c6 100644
--- a/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/BUILD.bazel
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ go_library(
         "knex.go",
         "kv.go",
         "kvbench.go",
+        "large_schema_backup_restore.go",
         "large_schema_benchmark.go",
         "latency_verifier.go",
         "ldap_connection_scale.go",
diff --git a/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/large_schema_backup_restore.go b/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/large_schema_backup_restore.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..50afeab27bb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/large_schema_backup_restore.go
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Cockroach Authors.
+//
+// Use of this software is governed by the CockroachDB Software License
+// included in the /LICENSE file.
+
+package tests
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/cmd/roachtest/cluster"
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/cmd/roachtest/option"
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/cmd/roachtest/registry"
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/cmd/roachtest/spec"
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/cmd/roachtest/test"
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/roachprod/install"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// registerLargeSchemaBackupRestores registers tests that large schemas can
+// backup/restore successfully.
+func registerLargeSchemaBackupRestores(r registry.Registry) {
+	// 10k is probably the upper limit right now, but we haven't tested further.
+	largeSchemaBackupRestore(r, 10000)
+}
+
+// The workload:
+// (1) Creates and drops N (numTables) tables as fast as possible, then
+// (2) Takes an incremental backup with revision history.
+// And does this 24 times, simulating daily full backups + hourly incrementals.
+// Then, the test attempts to restore from LATEST in that backup chain.
+func largeSchemaBackupRestore(r registry.Registry, numTables int) {
+	r.Add(registry.TestSpec{
+		Name:      fmt.Sprintf("backup-restore/large-schema/tables=%d", numTables),
+		Owner:     registry.OwnerDisasterRecovery,
+		Benchmark: false,
+		Cluster: r.MakeClusterSpec(
+			// The roachprod default for GCE and the backup testing bucket are both us-east1,
+			// so no special region assignment is required
+			9,
+			spec.CPU(8),
+			spec.GCEMachineType("n2-standard-8"),
+		),
+		CompatibleClouds: registry.OnlyGCE,
+		Suites:           registry.Suites(registry.Weekly),
+		Timeout:          12 * time.Hour,
+		Run: func(ctx context.Context, t test.Test, c cluster.Cluster) {
+			const numTablesPerDB = 100
+			numDbs := numTables/numTablesPerDB + 1
+			dbs := make([]string, numDbs)
+			tables := make([]string, numTables)
+
+			c.Start(ctx, t.L(), option.NewStartOpts(option.NoBackupSchedule), install.MakeClusterSettings(), c.CRDBNodes())
+			conn := c.Conn(ctx, t.L(), 1)
+			defer conn.Close()
+
+			t.L().Printf("Creating tables")
+			tx, err := conn.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			for i := range numDbs {
+				t.L().Printf("Building database %d of %d", i+1, numDbs)
+				dbName := fmt.Sprintf("test_db_%d", i)
+				dbs[i] = dbName
+				_, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("CREATE DATABASE %s", dbName))
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+
+				for j := range numTablesPerDB {
+					tableIndex := i*numTablesPerDB + j
+					if tableIndex >= numTables {
+						break
+					}
+					tableName := fmt.Sprintf("%s.kv_%d", dbs[i], j)
+					tables[tableIndex] = tableName
+					_, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("CREATE TABLE %s (key STRING NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, value STRING NOT NULL)", tableName))
+					require.NoError(t, err)
+				}
+			}
+			require.NoError(t, tx.Commit())
+
+			dest := destinationName(c)
+			uri := `gs://` + backupTestingBucket + `/` + dest + `?AUTH=implicit`
+			t.L().Printf("Backing up to %s\n", uri)
+			_, err = conn.ExecContext(ctx, "BACKUP INTO $1 WITH REVISION_HISTORY", uri)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			const numLayers = 24
+			for i := range numLayers {
+				t.L().Printf("Building layer %d of %d", i+1, numLayers)
+				tx, err = conn.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				for _, tableName := range tables {
+					_, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("DROP TABLE %s", tableName))
+					require.NoError(t, err)
+					_, err = tx.ExecContext(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("CREATE TABLE %s (key STRING NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, value STRING NOT NULL)", tableName))
+					require.NoError(t, err)
+				}
+				require.NoError(t, tx.Commit())
+
+				_, err = conn.Exec("BACKUP INTO LATEST IN $1 WITH REVISION_HISTORY", uri)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			}
+
+			t.L().Printf("Dropping databases\n") // Needed to do the full cluster restore.
+			tx, err = conn.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			for _, dbName := range dbs {
+				_, err = tx.Exec("DROP DATABASE " + dbName + " CASCADE")
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+			}
+			require.NoError(t, tx.Commit())
+
+			t.L().Printf("Restoring from %s\n", uri)
+			_, err = conn.Exec("RESTORE FROM LATEST IN $1", uri)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			row := conn.QueryRowContext(ctx, "SELECT count(*) FROM system.namespace")
+			var namespaceObjectCount int
+			require.NoError(t, row.Scan(&namespaceObjectCount))
+			// Check that we actually restored N (numTables) objects.
+			require.Greater(t, namespaceObjectCount, numTables)
+		},
+	})
+}
diff --git a/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/registry.go b/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/registry.go
index f8e37040ade2..65351712e1da 100644
--- a/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/registry.go
+++ b/pkg/cmd/roachtest/tests/registry.go
@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ func RegisterTests(r registry.Registry) {
 	registerSchemaChangeMixedVersions(r)
 	registerDeclSchemaChangeCompatMixedVersions(r)
 	registerSchemaChangeRandomLoad(r)
+	registerLargeSchemaBackupRestores(r)
 	registerLargeSchemaBenchmarks(r)
 	registerScrubAllChecksTPCC(r)
 	registerScrubIndexOnlyTPCC(r)