_4_2_textures_combined.rs

#![allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
extern crate glfw;
use self::glfw::{Context, Key, Action};

extern crate gl;
use self::gl::types::*;

use std::sync::mpsc::Receiver;
use std::ptr;
use std::mem;
use std::os::raw::c_void;
use std::path::Path;
use std::ffi::CStr;

use shader::Shader;

use image;
use image::GenericImage;

// settings
const SCR_WIDTH: u32 = 800;
const SCR_HEIGHT: u32 = 600;

#[allow(non_snake_case)]
pub fn main_1_4_2() {
    // glfw: initialize and configure
    // ------------------------------
    let mut glfw = glfw::init(glfw::FAIL_ON_ERRORS).unwrap();
    glfw.window_hint(glfw::WindowHint::ContextVersion(3, 3));
    glfw.window_hint(glfw::WindowHint::OpenGlProfile(glfw::OpenGlProfileHint::Core));
    #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
    glfw.window_hint(glfw::WindowHint::OpenGlForwardCompat(true));

    // glfw window creation
    // --------------------
    let (mut window, events) = glfw.create_window(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL", glfw::WindowMode::Windowed)
        .expect("Failed to create GLFW window");

    window.make_current();
    window.set_key_polling(true);
    window.set_framebuffer_size_polling(true);

    // gl: load all OpenGL function pointers
    // ---------------------------------------
    gl::load_with(|symbol| window.get_proc_address(symbol) as *const _);

    let (ourShader, VBO, VAO, EBO, texture1, texture2) = unsafe {
        // build and compile our shader program
        // ------------------------------------
        let ourShader = Shader::new(
            "src/_1_getting_started/shaders/4.2.texture.vs",
            "src/_1_getting_started/shaders/4.2.texture.fs");

        // set up vertex data (and buffer(s)) and configure vertex attributes
        // ------------------------------------------------------------------
        // HINT: type annotation is crucial since default for float literals is f64
        let vertices: [f32; 32] = [
            // positions       // colors        // texture coords
             0.5,  0.5, 0.0,   1.0, 0.0, 0.0,   1.0, 1.0, // top right
             0.5, -0.5, 0.0,   0.0, 1.0, 0.0,   1.0, 0.0, // bottom right
            -0.5, -0.5, 0.0,   0.0, 0.0, 1.0,   0.0, 0.0, // bottom left
            -0.5,  0.5, 0.0,   1.0, 1.0, 0.0,   0.0, 1.0  // top left
        ];
        let indices = [
            0, 1, 3,  // first Triangle
            1, 2, 3   // second Triangle
        ];
        let (mut VBO, mut VAO, mut EBO) = (0, 0, 0);
        gl::GenVertexArrays(1, &mut VAO);
        gl::GenBuffers(1, &mut VBO);
        gl::GenBuffers(1, &mut EBO);

        gl::BindVertexArray(VAO);

        gl::BindBuffer(gl::ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
        gl::BufferData(gl::ARRAY_BUFFER,
                       (vertices.len() * mem::size_of::<GLfloat>()) as GLsizeiptr,
                       &vertices[0] as *const f32 as *const c_void,
                       gl::STATIC_DRAW);

        gl::BindBuffer(gl::ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, EBO);
        gl::BufferData(gl::ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER,
                       (indices.len() * mem::size_of::<GLfloat>()) as GLsizeiptr,
                       &indices[0] as *const i32 as *const c_void,
                       gl::STATIC_DRAW);

        let stride = 8 * mem::size_of::<GLfloat>() as GLsizei;
        // position attribute
        gl::VertexAttribPointer(0, 3, gl::FLOAT, gl::FALSE, stride, ptr::null());
        gl::EnableVertexAttribArray(0);
        // color attribute
        gl::VertexAttribPointer(1, 3, gl::FLOAT, gl::FALSE, stride, (3 * mem::size_of::<GLfloat>()) as *const c_void);
        gl::EnableVertexAttribArray(1);
        // texture coord attribute
        gl::VertexAttribPointer(2, 2, gl::FLOAT, gl::FALSE, stride, (6 * mem::size_of::<GLfloat>()) as *const c_void);
        gl::EnableVertexAttribArray(2);

        // load and create a texture
        // -------------------------
        let (mut texture1, mut texture2) = (0, 0);
        // texture 1
        // ---------
        gl::GenTextures(1, &mut texture1);
        gl::BindTexture(gl::TEXTURE_2D, texture1);
        // set the texture wrapping parameters
        gl::TexParameteri(gl::TEXTURE_2D, gl::TEXTURE_WRAP_S, gl::REPEAT as i32); // set texture wrapping to gl::REPEAT (default wrapping method)
        gl::TexParameteri(gl::TEXTURE_2D, gl::TEXTURE_WRAP_T, gl::REPEAT as i32);
        // set texture filtering parameters
        gl::TexParameteri(gl::TEXTURE_2D, gl::TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, gl::LINEAR as i32);
        gl::TexParameteri(gl::TEXTURE_2D, gl::TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl::LINEAR as i32);
        // load image, create texture and generate mipmaps
        let img = image::open(&Path::new("resources/textures/container.jpg")).expect("Failed to load texture");
        let data = img.raw_pixels();
        gl::TexImage2D(gl::TEXTURE_2D,
                       0,
                       gl::RGB as i32,
                       img.width() as i32,
                       img.height() as i32,
                       0,
                       gl::RGB,
                       gl::UNSIGNED_BYTE,
                       &data[0] as *const u8 as *const c_void);
        gl::GenerateMipmap(gl::TEXTURE_2D);
        // texture 2
        // ---------
        gl::GenTextures(1, &mut texture2);
        gl::BindTexture(gl::TEXTURE_2D, texture2);
        // set the texture wrapping parameters
        gl::TexParameteri(gl::TEXTURE_2D, gl::TEXTURE_WRAP_S, gl::REPEAT as i32); // set texture wrapping to gl::REPEAT (default wrapping method)
        gl::TexParameteri(gl::TEXTURE_2D, gl::TEXTURE_WRAP_T, gl::REPEAT as i32);
        // set texture filtering parameters
        gl::TexParameteri(gl::TEXTURE_2D, gl::TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, gl::LINEAR as i32);
        gl::TexParameteri(gl::TEXTURE_2D, gl::TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl::LINEAR as i32);
        // load image, create texture and generate mipmaps
        let img = image::open(&Path::new("resources/textures/awesomeface.png")).expect("Failed to load texture");
        let img = img.flipv(); // flip loaded texture on the y-axis.
        let data = img.raw_pixels();
        // note that the awesomeface.png has transparency and thus an alpha channel, so make sure to tell OpenGL the data type is of GL_RGBA
        gl::TexImage2D(gl::TEXTURE_2D,
                       0,
                       gl::RGB as i32,
                       img.width() as i32,
                       img.height() as i32,
                       0,
                       gl::RGBA,
                       gl::UNSIGNED_BYTE,
                       &data[0] as *const u8 as *const c_void);
        gl::GenerateMipmap(gl::TEXTURE_2D);

        // tell opengl for each sampler to which texture unit it belongs to (only has to be done once)
        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        ourShader.useProgram(); // don't forget to activate/use the shader before setting uniforms!
        // either set it manually like so:
        gl::Uniform1i(gl::GetUniformLocation(ourShader.ID, c_str!("texture1").as_ptr()), 0); // using c_str! macro to avoid runtime overhead
        // or set it via the texture class
        ourShader.setInt(c_str!("texture2"), 1);

        (ourShader, VBO, VAO, EBO, texture1, texture2)
    };

    // render loop
    // -----------
    while !window.should_close() {
        // events
        // -----
        process_events(&mut window, &events);

        // render
        // ------
        unsafe {
            gl::ClearColor(0.2, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0);
            gl::Clear(gl::COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

            // bind textures on corresponding texture units
            gl::ActiveTexture(gl::TEXTURE0);
            gl::BindTexture(gl::TEXTURE_2D, texture1);
            gl::ActiveTexture(gl::TEXTURE1);
            gl::BindTexture(gl::TEXTURE_2D, texture2);

            // render container
            ourShader.useProgram();
            gl::BindVertexArray(VAO);
            gl::DrawElements(gl::TRIANGLES, 6, gl::UNSIGNED_INT, ptr::null());
        }

        // glfw: swap buffers and poll IO events (keys pressed/released, mouse moved etc.)
        // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        window.swap_buffers();
        glfw.poll_events();
    }

    // optional: de-allocate all resources once they've outlived their purpose:
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    unsafe {
        gl::DeleteVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
        gl::DeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);
        gl::DeleteBuffers(1, &EBO);
    }
}

fn process_events(window: &mut glfw::Window, events: &Receiver<(f64, glfw::WindowEvent)>) {
    for (_, event) in glfw::flush_messages(events) {
        match event {
            glfw::WindowEvent::FramebufferSize(width, height) => {
                // make sure the viewport matches the new window dimensions; note that width and
                // height will be significantly larger than specified on retina displays.
                unsafe { gl::Viewport(0, 0, width, height) }
            }
            glfw::WindowEvent::Key(Key::Escape, _, Action::Press, _) => window.set_should_close(true),
            _ => {}
        }
    }
}