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pcm8tech.txt
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===============================================================================
Real time・ＡＤＰＣＭ multiple playback driver ー "ＰＣＭ８" version 0.48
(( technical data ))
(C) 江藤 啓 1991,92
===============================================================================
- About PCM data format -------------------------------------------- ---------
The format of PCM data handled by PCM 8 is the following three types.
· ADPCM format
A format that can be handled by ordinary ADPCM driver, IOCS, etc.
Five types of playback frequencies can be selected.
· 16 bit PCM format
The data format is signed short, and by PCM 2 PCM.X (by Yatsube.)
It is the same as the format generated.
In PCM 8, this type of data block is set from an even address, and
The length of the data also needs to be an even number.
It requires four times the data amount of ADPCM format data of the same tone length.
The playback frequency is fixed at 15.6 kHz.
· 8 bit PCM format
The data format is signed char, the D / A conversion level is 16 bit PCM and
Are the same.
It requires twice the data amount of ADPCM format data of the same tone length.
The playback frequency is fixed at 15.6 kHz.
-- PCM8 Function call ( TRAP #2 ) -----------------------------------
It is realized using TRAP # 2.
Set the function code in d0.w and issue TRAP # 2 after
setting appropriate values to other registers if necessary.
The return value is set to d0.l. All other registers are saved.
Note) The following contents are at the time of version 0.48.
In some earlier versions some behaviors may be different.
----------------------------------------
Normal output Function code $000x
----------------------------------------
Func: Output data of single memory area to ADPCM.
Call: d0.w = $0000 + channel number(0〜7)
d1.l = volume / frequency / localization
bit 23〜16 : Volume (-1,0〜15) (*1)
If -1 is specified, the previous value is retained.
Original volume is 8.
It corresponds to 1 step = 2 dB (-16dB〜+14dB)。
bit 15〜 8 : frequency, data format (-1,0〜4,5,6)
If -1 is specified, the previous value is retained.
0〜4 are ADPCM, and the reproduction frequency is as follows.
0 : 3.9KHz 3 : 10.4KHz
1 : 5.2KHz 4 : 15.6KHz
2 : 7.8KHz
5 is 16 bit PCM, and 6 is 8 bit PCM. (*2)
Refer to "About PCM data format" for these.
bit 7〜 0 : pan (-1,0〜3)
If -1 is specified, the previous value is retained.
Other values are as follows.
0 : Stop(*3) 2 : Right output
1 : Left output 3 : Stereo output
Note that the localization is common to all channels,
and the last specified value is valid except for 0.
d2.l = Data length
Regardless of the data format, specify it in byte units.
<0 : Query data length (equivalent to function code $008x)
=0 : Channel stop (*4)
a1.l = Data block start address
Ret: d0.l = 0 Successful completion
Note:
(*1) In the single sound reproduction mode, regardless of the setting, it is output at the original volume.
(*2) It is not output in the single sound reproduction mode.
(*3) The volume / frequency is changed. Positioning is not changed.
(*4) Volume / frequency / localization is not changed.
----------------------------------------
Array chain output Func code $001x
----------------------------------------
Func: Data of a plurality of memory areas indirectly designated by the chain table is outputted to the ADPCM.
Call: d0.w = $0010 + Channel number(0〜7)
d1.l = Volume / frequency / localization
>> Reference normal output ($000x)
d2.l = Number of chain tables
<0 : Data length query(Equivalent to func code $008x)
=0 : Channel stop(*4)
a1.l = Chain table start address
*Explanation about the chain table is omitted.
Ret: d0.l = 0 Success
----------------------------------------
Link chain output Func code $002x
----------------------------------------
Func: And outputs data of a plurality of memory areas indirectly designated by the link chain table to the ADPCM.
Call: d0.w = $0020 + Channel number(0〜7)
d1.l = Volume / frequency / localization
>> Reference normal output ($000x)
a1.l = Link chain table start address
* Explanation about the link chain table is omitted.
Ret: d0.l = 0 Success
----------------------------------------
Operation mode change Func code $007x
----------------------------------------
Func: Change the volume / frequency / pan of the active channel.
Call: d0.w = $0070 + Channel number(0〜7)
d1.l = Volume / frequency / localization
>> Reference normal output ($000x)
Ret: d0.l = 0 Success
----------------------------------------
Data length query Func code $008x
----------------------------------------
Func: Get the remaining data length of the active channel.
Call: d0.w = $0080 + Channel number(0〜7)
Ret: d0.l = 0 Channel is stopped
d0.l > 0 Indicates the remaining data length (byte) during normal output in the multiple reproduction mode.
d0.l = -1 Array chain outputting
d0.l = -2 Link chain outputting
d0.l = -3 In mono tone reproduction mode, normal output
----------------------------------------
Operational mode query Func code $009x
----------------------------------------
Func: Get the volume / frequency / localization of the active channel.
Call: d0.w = $0090 + Channel number(0〜7)
Ret: d0.l = Volume / frequency / localization
>> Reference normal output ($000x)
Localization always takes values 1 to 3.
Bits 31 to 24 are 0.
----------------------------------------
End Func code $0100
----------------------------------------
Func: The chain operation of all the channels is canceled and the channel
operation is stopped as soon as the output of the currently output
data block is completed.
If it is paused, immediately stop the operation of all channels.
Call: d0.w = $0100
Ret: d0.l = 0 Success
Note: Note that it is not an immediate termination.
If you want to terminate completely immediately, issue this call
after pause ($0101).
During single tone IOCS output, this call is ignored.
----------------------------------------
Pause Func code $0101
----------------------------------------
Func: The output of all channels is immediately stopped, and the pause state is started.
When channel output or termination is performed in the suspended state, the operation of all channels is aborted.
Call: d0.w = $0101
Ret: d0.l = 0 Success
Note: During single tone IOCS output, this call is ignored.
----------------------------------------
Unpause Func code $0102
----------------------------------------
Func: Cancel the paused state.
Invalid after discontinuation.
Call: d0.w = $0102
Ret: d0.l = 0 Success
Note: During single tone IOCS output, this call is ignored.
----------------------------------------
MPU / MFP mask settings Func code $01FB
----------------------------------------
Func: PCM8 Sets MPU / MFP interrupt mask during interrupt.
Call: d0.w = $01FB
d1.l = Func/Mask value
< 0 : Mask query only
>=0 : Mask setting
bit 18〜16 : MPU mask
bit 15〜 8 : IMRA mask
bit 7〜 0 : IMRB mask
Ret: d0.l = (Previous) Mask value
bit 31〜19 are 0。
Note: It should not be used in general programs.
Default value is %011_11011111_00000000 。
No function call should be made from within unmasked interrupt handling.
Please understand the contents before using it.
----------------------------------------
Multiple / single tone mode setting Func code $01FC
----------------------------------------
Func: Enable / disable multiple playback.
Call: d0.w = $01FC
d1.w = Authorization flag
-1 : Query only
0 : Ban
1 : Authorization
2 : Allow only function call
Ret: d0.l = Actual allowed state
0 : Prohibited
1 : Allowing
2 : Only function calls are permitted
Note: It should not be used in general programs.
While multiple playback is prohibited, the output by the function is effective afterward. Furthermore, the IOCS output has priority over the function output.
This call is independent of the permission / prohibition from the PCM 8 command line, and only when both settings are "permitted" it is set to the multiple reproduction mode.
The return value reflects both settings.
----------------------------------------
(reserved) Func code $01FD
----------------------------------------
This call is reserved.
----------------------------------------
Occupancy Func code $01FE
----------------------------------------
Func: Occupy PCM8 and prohibit resident release.
Call: d0.w = $01FE
Ret: d0.l = 0 Occupied
d0.l = -1 Already occupied
Note: It should not be used in general programs.
----------------------------------------
Obligation Func code $01FF
----------------------------------------
Func: Unlock PCM8 and enable resident release.
Call: d0.w = $01FF
Ret: d0.l = 0 Dismissed
d0.l = -1 Not occupied
Note: It should not be used in general programs.
----------------------------------------
Resident reset Func code $FFFF
----------------------------------------
Func: Releasing the PCM 8 resident.
Call: d0.w = $FFFF
Ret: d0.l = 0 Resident cancellation was executed
d0.l = -1 It was occupied and could not be unlocked
d0.l = -2 The interrupt vector etc. used in PCM8 has been changed, and it can not be canceled
Note: It should not be used in general programs.
There are 7 vectors used in PCM8.
VECTOR= ADDR=== Content==========
$022 $000088 TRAP #2
$06A $0001A8 DMAC ch.3 Interrupt
$06B $0001AC DMAC ch.3 Error interrupt
$160 $000580 IOCS _ADPCMOUT
$162 $000588 IOCS _ADPCMAOT
$164 $000590 IOCS _ADPCMLOT
$167 $00059C IOCS _ADPCMMOD
-- ＩＯＣＳ Call ( TRAP #15 )-------------------------------------------------
Apart from the PCM 8 function call, IOCS calls are prepared so that
it can be used in almost the same procedure as before.
Supported call:
$60 : _ADPCMOUT Chainless output
$62 : _ADPCMAOT Array chain output
$64 : _ADPCMLOT Link array chain output
$67 : _ADPCMMOD ADPCM execution control
ADPCM related calls ($61, $63, $65, $66) other than the above
remain as they were before being resident.
Difference from original IOCS:
（Multiple playback mode）
・When outputting again within the sound being emitted, it synthesizes
with the output of the other channels without waiting for output
completion.
In this case, use unused channels arbitrarily. The direction to search
is from back to front (channels 8 · 7 · · · 1).
When there is no vacancy, the channel with the shortest remaining time
among the channels without output is crushed and output.
Ignore the call if there is no corresponding channel.
・With a $60 call, we return immediately even if the length is over $FF00.
・Pan will follow the latest designation.
Reverberation during output is also affected. However, designation of output cutting is completely ignored.
・$67 End of call specification ends the chain operation.
The currently output data block is output as it is. To terminate immediately, designate cancellation. It is also possible to resume.
After stopping designation, when designation of termination or reproduction of another sound is made, all the original outputs are canceled.
（Single sound reproduction mode）
・If outputting is performed again while the previous sound is being emitted,
the output of the preceding sound is canceled and outputted without waiting for output completion.
・With a $60 call, we return immediately even if the length is over $FF00.
Other:
・For IOCS calls, 16 bit PCM, 8 bit PCM can not be output.
・The volume of the IOCS call is fixed at 8 (original sound).
-- How to determine the resident status of PCM8 ------------------------------------
When PCM8 function call is used, it is necessary to make a resident judgment in advance.
For resident judgment, the following method is recommended.
Method 1: Trap vector acquisition method
Check the 8 bytes before the content of the exception vector $22 (= ($0088).l) (= TRAP #2 entry).
If 5 bytes from the top are 'PCM4/' or 'PCM8/', it resides.
The following 3 bytes are versions. ex) version 0.45 = 'PCM8/045'
This judgment method is valid for PCM 4/8 with version 0.11 or higher.
If you want to reliably determine whether it is PCM 4 or PCM 8, please check with the version (PCM 4 is less than 030).
The header after version 0.40 is unified to the format 'PCM8/???'.
Method 2: IOCS call method (simplified method)
Set constant 'PCM8' to d1.l and issue IOCS $ 67 (_ADPCMMOD).
If the return value d0.l > 0, the PCM8 is resident and the version is d0.l/100 (decimal).
This judgment method is valid for PCM8 version 0.45 or higher.
-- other noteworthy things ----------------------------------------------------
・About OPM register access
PCM8 may access the OPM register.
Since the access register is $1B and it decides the value by referring
to the system work $09DA, it is necessary for other applications to
avoid misunderstanding between system work and actual setting contents.
・About PCM 8 built-in control
If it is not convenient for the sound source driver to perform ADPCM
processing independently, if it is not convenient to incorporate the
PCM 8 later, if a dummy address is set in the entry ( = ($0088).l)
of TRAP #2, PCM8 You can prevent the incorporation of.
・About the position of the PCM8 header
As of version 0.48, the identification header of PCM8 is at the head
of the load address, but since it is planned to change in the future,
please avoid coding such as back calculation of MCB / PSP from header
address, for example.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------