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HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce.html
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<h3 class="title-container">HAWQ InputFormat for MapReduce</h3>
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<!-- Python script replaces main content -->
<div id ="main"><div style="visibility:hidden; height:2px;">Pivotal Product Documentation : HAWQ InputFormat for MapReduce</div><div class="wiki-content group" id="main-content">
<p align="LEFT">MapReduce is a programming model developed by Google for processing and generating large data sets on an array of commodity servers. You can use the HAWQ InputFormat option to enable MapReduce jobs to access HAWQ data stored in HDFS.</p><p align="LEFT">To use HAWQ InputFormat, you only need to provide the URL of the databasen to connect to, along with the table name you want to access. HAWQ InputFormat only fetches the metadata of the database and table of interes,t which is much less data than the table data itself. After getting the metadata, the HAWQ InputFormat determineswhere and how the table data is stored in HDFS. It reads and parses those HDFS files and processes the parsed table tuples directly inside a Map task.</p><p align="LEFT">This chapter describes the document format and schema for defining HAWQ MapReduce jobs.</p><p align="LEFT"><style type="text/css">/*<![CDATA[*/
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<ul class="toc-indentation">
<li><a href="#HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce-SupportedDataTypes">Supported Data Types</a></li>
<li><a href="#HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce-HAWQInputFormatExample">HAWQ InputFormat Example</a></li>
<li><a href="#HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce-AccessingHAWQData">Accessing HAWQ Data</a>
<ul class="toc-indentation">
<li><a href="#HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce-HAWQInputFormat.setInput">HAWQInputFormat.setInput</a></li>
<li><a href="#HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce-MetadataExportTool">Metadata Export Tool</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div></p><h2 id="HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce-SupportedDataTypes">Supported Data Types</h2><p align="LEFT">HAWQ InputFormat supports the following data types:</p><div class="table-wrap"><table class="confluenceTable"><tbody><tr><th class="confluenceTh">SQL/HAWQ</th><th class="confluenceTh">JDBC/JAVA</th><th class="confluenceTh">setXXX</th><th class="confluenceTh">getXXX</th></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd">DECIMAL/NUMERIC</td><td class="confluenceTd">java.math.BigDecimal</td><td class="confluenceTd"><p>setBigDecimal</p></td><td class="confluenceTd"><p>getBigDecimal</p></td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p align="LEFT">FLOAT8/DOUBLE PRECISION</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd">double</td><td class="confluenceTd">setDouble</td><td class="confluenceTd">getDouble</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd">INT8/BIGINT</td><td class="confluenceTd">long</td><td class="confluenceTd">setLong</td><td class="confluenceTd">getLong</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p>INTEGER/INT4/INT</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd">int</td><td class="confluenceTd">setInt</td><td class="confluenceTd">getInt</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p>FLOAT4/REAL</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd">float</td><td class="confluenceTd">setFloat</td><td class="confluenceTd">getFloat</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p>SMALLINT/INT2</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd">short</td><td class="confluenceTd">setShort</td><td class="confluenceTd">getShort</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p>BOOL/BOOLEAN</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd">boolean</td><td class="confluenceTd">setBoolean</td><td class="confluenceTd">getBoolean</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p>VARCHAR/CHAR/TEXT</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd">String</td><td class="confluenceTd">setString</td><td class="confluenceTd">getString</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p>DATE</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd">java.sql.Date</td><td class="confluenceTd">setDate</td><td class="confluenceTd">getDate</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p>TIME/TIMETZ</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd">java.sql.Time</td><td class="confluenceTd">setTime</td><td class="confluenceTd">getTime</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p>TIMESTAMP/TIMSTAMPTZ</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd">java.sql.Timestamp</td><td class="confluenceTd">setTimestamp</td><td class="confluenceTd">getTimestamp</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p>ARRAY</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd">java.sq.Array</td><td class="confluenceTd">setArray</td><td class="confluenceTd">getArray</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd"><p>BIT/VARBIT</p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd"><p align="LEFT">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.</p></td><td class="confluenceTd">setVarbit</td><td class="confluenceTd">getVarbit</td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">BYTEA<span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">byte[] </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setByte </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getByte </td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">INTERVAL</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1"><p align="LEFT">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.<br/>HAWQInterval </p></td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setInterval</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getInterval </td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">POINT</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.<br/>HAWQPoint</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setPoint </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getPoint </td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">LSEG</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.<br/>HAWQLseg</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setLseg </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getLseg </td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">BOX</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.<br/>HAWQBox</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setBox </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getBox </td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">CIRCLE</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.<br/>HAWQCircle</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setVircle </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getCircle </td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">PATH</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.<br/>HAWQPath</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setPath </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getPath </td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">POLYGON</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.<br/>HAWQPolygon</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setPolygon </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getPolygon </td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">MACADDR</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.<br/>HAWQMacaddr</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setMacaddr </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getMacaddr </td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">INET</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.<br/>HAWQInet</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setInet </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getInet </td></tr><tr><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">CIDR</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.datatype.<br/>HAWQCIDR</td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">setCIDR </td><td class="confluenceTd" colspan="1">getCIDR </td></tr></tbody></table></div><p align="LEFT"><strong>Note</strong>:The SQL standard defines a different binary string type, called BLOB or BINARY LARGE OBJECT. The corresponding data type in Postgres is bytea. The SQL standard also defines the CLOB type, which corresponds to the Postgres type: TEXT.</p><h2 id="HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce-HAWQInputFormatExample">HAWQ InputFormat Example</h2><p align="LEFT">The following example shows how you can use the HAWQ InputFormat to access HAWQ table data from MapReduce jobs. </p><div class="code panel pdl" style="border-width: 1px;"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="theme: Confluence; brush: java; gutter: false" style="font-size:12px;">package com.mycompany.app;
import com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.HAWQException;
import com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.HAWQInputFormat;
import com.pivotal.hawq.mapreduce.HAWQRecord;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import java.io.IOException;
public class HAWQInputFormatDemoDriver extends Configured
implements Tool {
// CREATE TABLE employees (
// id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,// name VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL);
public static class DemoMapper extends
Mapper<Void, HAWQRecord, IntWritable, Text> {
int id = 0;
String name = null;
public void map(Void key, HAWQRecord value, Context context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
try {
id = value.getInt(1);
name = value.getString(2);
} catch (HAWQException hawqE) {
throw new IOException(hawqE.getMessage());
}
context.write(new IntWritable(id), new Text(name));
}
}
private static int printUsage() {
System.out.println("HAWQInputFormatDemoDriver
<database_url> <table_name> <output_path> [username]
[password]");
ToolRunner.printGenericCommandUsage(System.out);
return 2;
}
public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
if (args.length < 3) {
return printUsage();
}
Job job = new Job(getConf());
job.setJobName("hawq-inputformat-demo");
job.setJarByClass(HAWQInputFormatDemoDriver.class);
job.setMapperClass(DemoMapper.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(Text.class);
String db_url = args[0];
String table_name = args[1];
String output_path = args[2];
String user_name = null;
if (args.length > 3) {
user_name = args[3];
}
String password = null;
if (args.length > 4) {
password = args[4];
}
job.setInputFormatClass(HAWQInputFormat.class);
HAWQInputFormat.setInput(job.getConfiguration(), db_url,
user_name, password, table_name);
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new
Path(output_path));
job.setNumReduceTasks(0);
int res = job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1;
return res;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
int res = ToolRunner.run(new Configuration(),
new HAWQInputFormatDemoDriver(), args);
System.exit(res);
}
}</pre>
</div></div><p><strong>To compile and run the example:</strong></p><ol><li>Add the following dependencies into the project for compilation:</li><ol><li>HAWQInputFormat jars (located in the $GPHOME/lib/postgresql/hawq-mr-io directory):</li><ul><li>hawq-mapreduce-common.jar</li><li>hawq-mapreduce-ao.jar</li><li>hawq-mapreduce-tool.jar</li></ul><li>Required 3rd party jars (located in the $GPHOME/lib/postgresql/hawq-mr-io/lib directory):</li><ul><li>postgresql-jdbc.jar</li><li>snakeyaml.jar</li></ul><li>Hadoop Mapreduce related jars (located in the install directory of your Hadoop distribution).</li></ol><li>Check that you have installed HAWQ, HDFS and Yarn.</li><li>Create sample table:</li><ol><li><p>Login to HAWQ:</p><div class="code panel pdl" style="border-width: 1px;"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="theme: Confluence; brush: java; gutter: false" style="font-size:12px;"> psql -d postgres </pre>
</div></div></li><li><p>Create the sample table:</p><div class="code panel pdl" style="border-width: 1px;"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="theme: Confluence; brush: java; gutter: false" style="font-size:12px;">CREATE TABLE employees (
id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
name TEXT NOT NULL);</pre>
</div></div></li><li><p>Insert one tuple:</p><div class="code panel pdl" style="border-width: 1px;"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="theme: Confluence; brush: java; gutter: false" style="font-size:12px;"> INSERT INTO employees VALUES (1, 'Paul'); </pre>
</div></div></li><li><p>Use the following shell script snippet showing how to run the Mapreduce job:</p><div class="code panel pdl" style="border-width: 1px;"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="theme: Confluence; brush: java; gutter: false" style="font-size:12px;"># Suppose all five needed jars are under ./lib
export
LIBJARS=lib/hawq-mapreduce-common.jar,lib/hawq-mapreduce-ao.
jar,lib/hawq-mapreduce-tool.jar,lib/postgresql-9.2-1003-jdbc
4.jar,lib/snakeyaml-1.12.jar
export
HADOOP_CLASSPATH=lib/hawq-mapreduce-common.jar:lib/hawq-mapr
educe-ao.jar:lib/hawq-mapreduce-tool.jar:lib/postgresql-9.2-
1003-jdbc4.jar:lib/snakeyaml-1.12.jar
# Suppose the built application jar is my-app.jar
hadoop jar my-app.jar
com.mycompany.app.HAWQInputFormatDemoDriver -libjars
${LIBJARS} localhost:5432/postgres employees /tmp/employees</pre>
</div></div></li><li><p>Use the following command to check the result of the Mapreduce job:</p><div class="code panel pdl" style="border-width: 1px;"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="theme: Confluence; brush: java; gutter: false" style="font-size:12px;">hadoop fs -cat /tmp/employees/*</pre>
</div></div></li></ol></ol><p>The output will appear as follows:</p><div class="code panel pdl" style="border-width: 1px;"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="theme: Confluence; brush: java; gutter: false" style="font-size:12px;">1 Paul</pre>
</div></div><h2 id="HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce-AccessingHAWQData">Accessing HAWQ Data</h2><p>You can access HAWQ data using the following interfaces:</p><ul><li>HAWQInputFormat.setInput API: Use this when HAWQ is running.</li><li>Metadata Export Tool: Use this when HAWQ is not running.</li></ul><h3 id="HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce-HAWQInputFormat.setInput">HAWQInputFormat.setInput</h3><div class="code panel pdl" style="border-width: 1px;"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="theme: Confluence; brush: java; gutter: false" style="font-size:12px;">/**
* Initializes the map-part of the job with the appropriate input settings
* through connecting to Database.
*
* @param conf
* The map-reduce job configuration
* @param db_url
* The database URL to connect to
* @param username
* The username for setting up a connection to the database
* @param password
* The password for setting up a connection to the database
* @param tableName
* The name of the table to access to
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void setInput(Configuration conf, String db_url,
String username, String password, String tableName)
throws Exception;</pre>
</div></div><h3 id="HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce-MetadataExportTool">Metadata Export Tool</h3><p>Use the metadata export tool, gpextract, to export the metadata of the target table into a local YAMLfile:</p><div class="code panel pdl" style="border-width: 1px;"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="theme: Confluence; brush: java; gutter: false" style="font-size:12px;">gpextract [-h hostname] [-p port] [-U username] [-ddatabase] [-o output_file] [-W] <tablename></pre>
</div></div><p>Using the extracted metadata, access HAWQ data through the following interface:</p><div class="code panel pdl" style="border-width: 1px;"><div class="codeContent panelContent pdl">
<pre class="theme: Confluence; brush: java; gutter: false" style="font-size:12px;">/**
* Initializes the map-part of the job with the appropriate input settings through reading metadata file stored in local filesystem.
*
* To get metadata file, please use gpextract first
*
* @param conf
* The map-reduce job configuration
* @param pathStr
* The metadata file path in local filesystem. e.g.
* /home/gpadmin/metadata/postgres_test
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void setInput(Configuration conf, String pathStr)
throws Exception;</pre>
</div></div><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"> </span> </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"> </span> </span></p><p> </p>
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