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容器与容器编排/Kubernetes/配置管理/HashicorpVault/.assets/Vault简介/2-20240820153737525.png
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Vault 是 hashicorp 推出的 secrets 管理、加密即服务与权限管理工具 | ||
## 什么是 Vault | ||
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Vault 是 hashicorp 推出的 secrets 管理、加密即服务与权限管理工具 | ||
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Vault 是一个基于身份的秘密和加密管理系统。秘密是您想要严格控制访问的任何内容,例如 API 加密密钥、密码和证书。 Vault 提供由身份验证和授权方法控制的加密服务。使用 Vault 的 UI、CLI 或 HTTP API,可以安全地存储和管理、严格控制(限制)和审核对机密和其他敏感数据的访问 | ||
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## 为什么需要 Vault | ||
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- 执行密码轮换策略很痛苦 | ||
- 掌握机密的员工离职后可能泄密或是恶意报复 | ||
- 开发者不小心把机密信息随着代码上传到公网的源码仓库造成泄密 | ||
- 管理多个系统的机密非常麻烦 | ||
- 需要将机密信息安全地加密后存储,但又不想将密钥暴露给应用程序,以防止应用程序被入侵后连带密钥一起泄漏 | ||
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## Vault 架构图 | ||
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Vault 只暴漏了存储后端(Storage Backend) 和 API,其他部分都被保护起来了。Vault 并不信任后端存储,存放的都是密文 | ||
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![img](./.assets/Vault简介/1.png) | ||
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## 加密 | ||
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![img](./.assets/Vault简介/2-20240820153737525.png) | ||
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- Vault 保存在 Backend 中的数据都是加密的 | ||
- Vault 密钥称为 Master Key 主密钥,Vault 默认使用 Shamir 算法,把主密钥切分成 M 份,管理员必须至少提供其中的 N 份才能还原出主密钥(这里的 M 和 N 都是可配置的,M>=N)理想状态下,我们必须把这 M 份密钥分配给公司内 M 个不同的人,只有在获取其中 N 个人的授权后,Vault 才可以成功解密主密钥。 | ||
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## 参考文档 | ||
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- <https://shuhari.dev/blog/2018/02/vault-secret-engine> | ||
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- <https://infinilabs.cn/blog/2023/vault-quickstart/> | ||
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- <https://blog.csdn.net/zhengzaifeidelushang/article/details/131291390> | ||
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- <https://just4coding.com/2020/03/13/vault-introduction/> | ||
- <https://lonegunmanb.github.io/essential-vault/9.%E5%AE%9E%E9%99%85%E6%A1%88%E4%BE%8B/4.ssh_otp.html> |
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参考资料 | ||
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- <https://thiscute.world/posts/experience-of-vault/> |
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## 维护 CMDB 数据 | ||
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维护 CMDB 数据的常用方法无外乎 3 种: | ||
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- 自动发现 | ||
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这是最常用的采集数据的方法,比如服务器、网络设备、应用、软件等数据都可以通过自动发现的方式录入到CMDB里,以保证数据的准备性和及时性。 | ||
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- 流程 | ||
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流程是为了规范运维的操作与变更,对每个运维资源的生命周期进行管理,所以ITSM本身和CMDB是息息相关,ITSM的流程输出很多都会直接反馈到CMDB里,以保证数据的准确。 | ||
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- 人工 | ||
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一些数据比如负责人、位置信息需要人工去完善,也可以通过计算属性的方式自动填充。当然为避免人工遗漏或出错,要尽可能使用前面2种方法。 | ||
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## 自动发现 | ||
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自动发现的建设一般分为 3 步: 创建自动发现规则、模型关联自动发现规则、执行自动发现 | ||
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## 参考资料 | ||
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- <https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/rQaf4AES7YJsyNQG_MKOLg> |
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## 部署 | ||
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安装参考:<https://veops.cn/docs/docs/cmdb/cmdb_install#%E7%BA%AF%E5%87%80%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F--%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85> | ||
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## 使用 | ||
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模板市场:<https://veops.cn/template> |