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Fix typo of "Pessach" by avoiding the word altogether
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NightScript370 committed May 13, 2024
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Even before חג הפסח itself, we find a Biblical command forbidding ownership, eating or benefit-deriving from חמץ on ערב חג after בין הערבים - the end of the 6<sup>th</sup> hour. Abaye in Pesachim 5a learns it out from a seeming contradiction in the commandment to perform תשביתו on your חמץ during the day of "הראשון" when there is an explicit prohibition (בל יראה ובל ימצא) to own חמץ during all seven days (this count of seven naturally includes the first, which is what "הראשון" translates to). Solving this contradiction involves reinterpreting יום הראשון to discuss the day prior to חג הפסח. The word "אך" is there to split this day into two, where the second half would be forbidden for חמץ.

This time period of בן הערבים is when one would bring the קרבן פסח. From the bringing of the Korban Pessach, one is forbidden to own, derive benefit from or eat חמץ, as said in Exodus 34:25 - "לֹֽא־תִשְׁחַ֥ט עַל־חָמֵ֖ץ דַּם־זִבְחִ֑י". Although we do not have the ability to bring the קרבן פסח in our days, "זְמַן שְׁחִיטָה אָמַר רַחֲמָנָא" - it is referring to the time of slaughtering the קרבן פסח. One that eats during this time transgresses a negative commandment, as per Rabbi Yehuda (Pesachim Bavli 28b), two Amudeh Hora'ot (רמב"ם הלכות חמץ ומצה א':ח'; רא"ש פסחים סוף ב':ד' - "וכן נראה לי") and other Rishonim (רב יצחק אבן גיאת ז"ל בשם הרא"ש ומגיד משנה) due to a learned *Asmakhta* of "וְזָבַ֥חְתָּ פֶּ֛סַח לַיהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ...לֹא־תֹאכַ֤ל עָלָיו֙ חָמֵ֔ץ" (Deuteronomy 16:2-3).
This time period of בן הערבים starts by the time people would bring the קרבן פסח, from which it is forbidden to own, derive benefit from or eat חמץ, as said in Exodus 34:25 - "לֹֽא־תִשְׁחַ֥ט עַל־חָמֵ֖ץ דַּם־זִבְחִ֑י". Although we do not have the ability to bring the קרבן פסח in our days, "זְמַן שְׁחִיטָה אָמַר רַחֲמָנָא" - it is referring to the time of slaughtering the קרבן פסח. One that eats during this time transgresses a negative commandment, as per Rabbi Yehuda (Pesachim Bavli 28b), two Amudeh Hora'ot (רמב"ם הלכות חמץ ומצה א':ח'; רא"ש פסחים סוף ב':ד' - "וכן נראה לי") and other Rishonim (רב יצחק אבן גיאת ז"ל בשם הרא"ש ומגיד משנה) due to a learned *Asmakhta* of "וְזָבַ֥חְתָּ פֶּ֛סַח לַיהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ...לֹא־תֹאכַ֤ל עָלָיו֙ חָמֵ֔ץ" (Deuteronomy 16:2-3).

As safeguarders, there is a rabbinical decree to add an exta hour to all prohibition, meaning the חמץ has to be burnt five hours into the day. On top of that, Rabbi Yehuda (in Pesachim Bavli 12b) added another hour where one cannot eat חמץ, concerned with the potential of a cloudy day confusing the time. (Mishnah Pesachim 1:4, Rambam Hilchot Hametz Umatzah 1:9)

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