Implements Barker's proposal.

[AdrienCorenflos]

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• [Y] If I add a new sampler, there is an issue discussing it already;
• [Y] We should be able to understand what the PR does from its title only;
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This implements #208

The sampler is tested against the suite of toy examples + the proposal is tested against its PDF. I don't have time to implement an example (also btw, the link in the PR guidelines for the example does not work).

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Comparison is base (9713452) 99.11% compared to head (6a78744) 99.14%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #596      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   99.11%   99.14%   +0.02%     
==========================================
  Files          50       51       +1     
  Lines        2255     2329      +74     
==========================================
+ Hits         2235     2309      +74     
  Misses         20       20              

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[junpenglao]

Great work! I will need a bit more time on the main implementation itself, so just sending a first round of quick comments.

[AdrienCorenflos]

Great work! I will need a bit more time on the main implementation itself, so just sending a first round of quick comments.

Yeah, I had left it open for a while because I thought it was a great entry point for newcomers, but then nobody picked it in over a year so...

[junpenglao]

Thanks!!