[7.17](backport #42233) github-actions: python 3.12 is the default when using ubuntu-latest

[mergify]

Proposed commit message

The GitHub runners has been bumped from ubuntu-22 to ubuntu-24 and the default python version has changed from 3.10 to 3.12. See actions/runner-images#10636

For the long run: make check-default should be updated to support 3.12.

This a workaround for:

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'lib2to3'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/bin/autopep8", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
             ^^^^^^
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/autopep8.py", line 4474, in main
    results = fix_multiple_files(args.files, args, sys.stdout)
              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/autopep8.py", line 4369, in fix_multiple_files
    ret = _fix_file((name, options, output))
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/autopep8.py", line 4345, in _fix_file
    return fix_file(*parameters)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/autopep8.py", line 3596, in fix_file
    original_source = readlines_from_file(filename)
                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/autopep8.py", line 188, in readlines_from_file
    with open_with_encoding(filename) as input_file:
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/autopep8.py", line 165, in open_with_encoding
    encoding = detect_encoding(filename, limit_byte_check=limit_byte_check)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/autopep8.py", line 175, in detect_encoding
    from lib2to3.pgen2 import tokenize as lib2to3_tokenize
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'lib2to3'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/bin/pylint", line 5, in <module>
    from pylint import run_pylint
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pylint/__init__.py", line 13, in <module>
    from pylint.checkers.similar import Run as SimilarRun
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pylint/checkers/__init__.py", line 42, in <module>
    from pylint.checkers.base_checker import BaseChecker, BaseTokenChecker
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pylint/checkers/base_checker.py", line 17, in <module>
    from pylint.config import OptionsProviderMixIn
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pylint/config.py", line 49, in <module>
    from pylint import utils
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pylint/utils/__init__.py", line 44, in <module>
    from pylint.utils.ast_walker import ASTWalker
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pylint/utils/ast_walker.py", line 8, in <module>
    from astroid import nodes
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/astroid/__init__.py", line 43, in <module>
    import wrapt
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/wrapt/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
    from .decorators import (adapter_factory, AdapterFactory, decorator,
  File "/home/runner/work/beats/beats/build/python-env/lib/python3.12/site-packages/wrapt/decorators.py", line 34, in <module>
    from inspect import ismethod, isclass, formatargspec
ImportError: cannot import name 'formatargspec' from 'inspect' (/usr/lib/python3.12/inspect.py). Did you mean: 'formatargvalues'?
Code is not compatible with Python 3

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• My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• I have made corresponding change to the default configuration files
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• I have added an entry in CHANGELOG.next.asciidoc or CHANGELOG-developer.next.asciidoc.

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This is an automatic backport of pull request #42233 done by [Mergify](https://mergify.com).

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