feat: Routing.Type=auto (DHT+IPNI)

cmd/ipfs/daemon.go

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ const (
 	routingOptionNoneKwd      = "none"
 	routingOptionCustomKwd    = "custom"
 	routingOptionDefaultKwd   = "default"
+	routingOptionAutoKwd      = "auto"
 	unencryptTransportKwd     = "disable-transport-encryption"
 	unrestrictedAPIAccessKwd  = "unrestricted-api"
 	writableKwd               = "writable"
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ For example, to change the 'Gateway' port:
 
   ipfs config Addresses.Gateway /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/8082
 
-The API address can be changed the same way:
+The RPC API address can be changed the same way:
 
   ipfs config Addresses.API /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/5002
 
@@ -100,14 +101,14 @@ other computers in the network, use 0.0.0.0 as the ip address:
 
   ipfs config Addresses.Gateway /ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/8080
 
-Be careful if you expose the API. It is a security risk, as anyone could
+Be careful if you expose the RPC API. It is a security risk, as anyone could
 control your node remotely. If you need to control the node remotely,
 make sure to protect the port as you would other services or database
 (firewall, authenticated proxy, etc).
 
 HTTP Headers
 
-ipfs supports passing arbitrary headers to the API and Gateway. You can
+ipfs supports passing arbitrary headers to the RPC API and Gateway. You can
 do this by setting headers on the API.HTTPHeaders and Gateway.HTTPHeaders
 keys:
 
@@ -141,18 +142,6 @@ environment variable:
 
   export IPFS_PATH=/path/to/ipfsrepo
 
-Routing
-
-IPFS by default will use a DHT for content routing. There is an alternative
-that operates the DHT in a 'client only' mode that can be enabled by
-running the daemon as:
-
-  ipfs daemon --routing=dhtclient
-
-Or you can set routing to dhtclient in the config:
-
-  ipfs config Routing.Type dhtclient
-
 DEPRECATION NOTICE
 
 Previously, ipfs used an environment variable as seen below:
@@ -402,14 +391,20 @@ func daemonFunc(req *cmds.Request, re cmds.ResponseEmitter, env cmds.Environment
 
 	routingOption, _ := req.Options[routingOptionKwd].(string)
 	if routingOption == routingOptionDefaultKwd {
-		routingOption = cfg.Routing.Type
+		routingOption = cfg.Routing.Type.WithDefault(routingOptionAutoKwd)
 		if routingOption == "" {
-			routingOption = routingOptionDHTKwd
+			routingOption = routingOptionAutoKwd
 		}
 	}
 	switch routingOption {
 	case routingOptionSupernodeKwd:
 		return errors.New("supernode routing was never fully implemented and has been removed")
+	case routingOptionDefaultKwd, routingOptionAutoKwd:
+		ncfg.Routing = libp2p.ConstructDefaultRouting(
+			cfg.Identity.PeerID,
+			cfg.Addresses.Swarm,
+			cfg.Identity.PrivKey,
+		)
 	case routingOptionDHTClientKwd:
 		ncfg.Routing = libp2p.DHTClientOption
 	case routingOptionDHTKwd:

config/init.go

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func InitWithIdentity(identity Identity) (*Config, error) {
 		},
 
 		Routing: Routing{
-			Type:    "dht",
+			Type:    nil,
 			Methods: nil,
 			Routers: nil,
 		},

config/profile.go

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ functionality - performance of content discovery and data
 fetching may be degraded.
 `,
 		Transform: func(c *Config) error {
-			c.Routing.Type = "dhtclient"
+			c.Routing.Type = NewOptionalString("dhtclient") // TODO: replace 'dhtclient' with 'autoclient' that prioritizes HTTP and uses dhtclient only after some delay as a fallback
 			c.AutoNAT.ServiceMode = AutoNATServiceDisabled
 			c.Reprovider.Interval = "0"
 

config/routing.go

@@ -10,9 +10,10 @@ import (
 type Routing struct {
 	// Type sets default daemon routing mode.
 	//
-	// Can be one of "dht", "dhtclient", "dhtserver", "none", or "custom".
-	// When "custom" is set, you can specify a list of Routers.
-	Type string
+	// Can be one of "auto", "dht", "dhtclient", "dhtserver", "none", or "custom".
+	// When unset or set to "auto", DHT and implicit routers are used.
+	// When "custom" is set, user-provided Routing.Routers is used.
+	Type *OptionalString `json:",omitempty"`
 
 	Routers Routers
 

config/routing_test.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ func TestRouterParameters(t *testing.T) {
 	sec := time.Second
 	min := time.Minute
 	r := Routing{
-		Type: "custom",
+		Type: NewOptionalString("custom"),
 		Routers: map[string]RouterParser{
 			"router-dht": {Router{
 				Type: RouterTypeDHT,
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func TestRouterMissingParameters(t *testing.T) {
 	require := require.New(t)
 
 	r := Routing{
-		Type: "custom",
+		Type: NewOptionalString("custom"),
 		Routers: map[string]RouterParser{
 			"router-wrong-reframe": {Router{
 				Type: RouterTypeReframe,

core/core_test.go

@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ func GetNode(t *testing.T, reframeURLs ...string) *IpfsNode {
 			API:   []string{"/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0"},
 		},
 		Routing: config.Routing{
-			Type:    "custom",
+			Type:    config.NewOptionalString("custom"),
 			Routers: routers,
 			Methods: config.Methods{
 				config.MethodNameFindPeers: config.Method{

core/node/libp2p/routingopt.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package libp2p
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ipfs/go-datastore"
 	"github.com/ipfs/kubo/config"
@@ -23,6 +24,63 @@ type RoutingOption func(
 	...peer.AddrInfo,
 ) (routing.Routing, error)
 
+// Default HTTP routers used in parallel to DHT when Routing.Type = "auto"
+var defaultHTTPRouters = []string{
+	"https://cid.contact", // https://github.com/ipfs/kubo/issues/9422#issuecomment-1338142084
+	// TODO: add an independent router from Cloudflare
+}
+
+// ConstructDefaultRouting returns routers used when Routing.Type is unset or set to "auto"
+func ConstructDefaultRouting(peerID string, addrs []string, privKey string) func(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	host host.Host,
+	dstore datastore.Batching,
+	validator record.Validator,
+	bootstrapPeers ...peer.AddrInfo,
+) (routing.Routing, error) {
+	return func(
+		ctx context.Context,
+		host host.Host,
+		dstore datastore.Batching,
+		validator record.Validator,
+		bootstrapPeers ...peer.AddrInfo,
+	) (routing.Routing, error) {
+		// Defined routers will be queried in parallel (optimizing for response speed)
+		// Different trade-offs can be made by setting Routing.Type = "custom" with own Routing.Routers
+		var routers []*routinghelpers.ParallelRouter
+
+		// Run the default DHT routing (same as Routing.Type = "dht")
+		dhtRouting, err := DHTOption(ctx, host, dstore, validator, bootstrapPeers...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		routers = append(routers, &routinghelpers.ParallelRouter{
+			Router:       dhtRouting,
+			IgnoreError:  false,
+			Timeout:      5 * time.Minute, // https://github.com/ipfs/kubo/pull/9475#discussion_r1042501333
+			ExecuteAfter: 0,
+		})
+
+		// Append HTTP routers for additional speed
+		for _, endpoint := range defaultHTTPRouters {
+			httpRouter, err := irouting.ConstructHTTPRouter(endpoint, peerID, addrs, privKey)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			routers = append(routers, &routinghelpers.ParallelRouter{
+				Router:       httpRouter,
+				IgnoreError:  true,             // https://github.com/ipfs/kubo/pull/9475#discussion_r1042507387
+				Timeout:      15 * time.Second, // 5x server value from https://github.com/ipfs/kubo/pull/9475#discussion_r1042428529
+				ExecuteAfter: 0,
+			})
+		}
+
+		routing := routinghelpers.NewComposableParallel(routers)
+		return routing, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// constructDHTRouting is used when Routing.Type = "dht"
 func constructDHTRouting(mode dht.ModeOpt) func(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	host host.Host,
@@ -49,6 +107,7 @@ func constructDHTRouting(mode dht.ModeOpt) func(
 	}
 }
 
+// ConstructDelegatedRouting is used when Routing.Type = "custom"
 func ConstructDelegatedRouting(routers config.Routers, methods config.Methods, peerID string, addrs []string, privKey string) func(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	host host.Host,

docs/changelogs/v0.18.md

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ Below is an outline of all that is in this release, so you get a sense of all th
     - [Overview](#overview)
     - [🔦 Highlights](#-highlights)
       - [(DAG-)JSON and (DAG-)CBOR Response Formats on Gateways](#dag-json-and-dag-cbor-response-formats-on-gateways)
+      - [Automated default `Routing.Type`](#automated-default-routingtype)
     - [Changelog](#changelog)
     - [Contributors](#contributors)
 
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ Below is an outline of all that is in this release, so you get a sense of all th
 Implemented [IPIP-328](https://github.com/ipfs/specs/pull/328) which adds support
 to DAG-JSON and DAG-CBOR, as well as their non-DAG variants, to the gateway. Now,
 CIDs that encode JSON, CBOR, DAG-JSON and DAG-CBOR objects can be retrieved, and
-traversed through IPLD Links.
+traversed thanks to the [special meaning of CBOR Tag 42](https://github.com/ipld/cid-cbor/).
 
 HTTP clients can request JSON, CBOR, DAG-JSON, and DAG-CBOR responses by either
 passing the query parameter `?format` or setting the `Accept` HTTP header to the
@@ -68,6 +69,21 @@ $ curl "http://127.0.0.1:8080/ipfs/$DIR_CID?format=dag-json" | jq
 }
 ```
 
+#### Content Routing
+
+Content routing is the process of discovering which peers provide a piece of content. Kubo has traditionally only supported the Kademlia DHT for content routing.
+
+Kubo can now bridge networks by including support for the [delegated routing HTTP API](https://github.com/ipfs/specs/pull/337). Users can compose content routers using the `Routing.Routers` config, to pick content routers with different tradeoffs than a Kademlia DHT (for example, high-performance and high-capacity centralized endpoints, dedicated Kademlia DHT nodes, routers with unique provider records, privacy-focused content routers, etc.). One example is [InterPlanetary Network Indexers](https://github.com/ipni/specs/blob/main/IPNI.md#readme), which are HTTP endpoints that cache records from both the IPFS network and other sources such as web3.storage and Filecoin. This improves not only content availability by enabling Kubo to transparently fetch content directly from Filecoin storage providers, but also improves IPFS content routing latency by an order of magnitude and decreases resource consumption.
+
+In this release, the default content router is changed from `dht` to `auto`. The `auto` router includes the IPFS DHT in addition to the [cid.contact](https://cid.contact) IPNI instance. In future releases, we plan to expand the functionality of `auto` to encompass automatic discovery of content routers, which will improve performance and content availability (for example, see [IPIP-342](https://github.com/ipfs/specs/pull/342)).
+
+Old behavior can be restored by setting `Routing.Type` to `dht`.
+
+Alternative routing rules, including alternative IPNI endpoints, can be configured in `Routing.Routers` after setting `Routing.Type` to `custom`.
+
+Learn more in [`Routing` docs](https://github.com/ipfs/kubo/blob/master/docs/config.md#routing).
+
+
 ### Changelog
 
 ### Contributors

docs/config.md

@@ -105,11 +105,11 @@ config file at runtime.
     - [`Reprovider.Interval`](#reproviderinterval)
     - [`Reprovider.Strategy`](#reproviderstrategy)
   - [`Routing`](#routing)
+    - [`Routing.Type`](#routingtype)
     - [`Routing.Routers`](#routingrouters)
       - [`Routing.Routers: Type`](#routingrouters-type)
       - [`Routing.Routers: Parameters`](#routingrouters-parameters)
     - [`Routing: Methods`](#routing-methods)
-    - [`Routing.Type`](#routingtype)
   - [`Swarm`](#swarm)
     - [`Swarm.AddrFilters`](#swarmaddrfilters)
     - [`Swarm.DisableBandwidthMetrics`](#swarmdisablebandwidthmetrics)
@@ -1322,6 +1322,49 @@ Type: `string` (or unset for the default, which is "all")
 
 Contains options for content, peer, and IPNS routing mechanisms.
 
+### `Routing.Type`
+
+There are multiple routing options: "auto", "none", "dht" and "custom".
+
+* **DEFAULT:** If unset, or set to "auto", your node will use the IPFS DHT
+  and parallel HTTP routers listed below for additional speed.
+
+* If set to "none", your node will use _no_ routing system. You'll have to
+  explicitly connect to peers that have the content you're looking for.
+
+* If set to "dht" (or "dhtclient"/"dhtserver"), your node will ONLY use the IPFS DHT (no HTTP routers).
+
+* If set to "custom", all default routers are disabled, and only ones defined in `Routing.Routers` will be used.
+
+When the DHT is enabled, it can operate in two modes: client and server.
+
+* In server mode, your node will query other peers for DHT records, and will
+  respond to requests from other peers (both requests to store records and
+  requests to retrieve records).
+
+* In client mode, your node will query the DHT as a client but will not respond
+  to requests from other peers. This mode is less resource-intensive than server
+  mode.
+
+When `Routing.Type` is set to `auto` or `dht`, your node will start as a DHT client, and
+switch to a DHT server when and if it determines that it's reachable from the
+public internet (e.g., it's not behind a firewall).
+
+To force a specific DHT-only mode, client or server, set `Routing.Type` to
+`dhtclient` or `dhtserver` respectively. Please do not set this to `dhtserver`
+unless you're sure your node is reachable from the public network.
+
+When `Routing.Type` is set to `auto` your node will accelerate some types of routing
+by leveraging HTTP endpoints compatible with [IPIP-337](https://github.com/ipfs/specs/pull/337)
+in addition to the IPFS DHT.
+By default, an instance of [IPNI](https://github.com/ipni/specs/blob/main/IPNI.md#readme)
+at https://cid.contact is used.
+Alternative routing rules can be configured in `Routing.Routers` after setting `Routing.Type` to `custom`.
+
+Default: `auto` (DHT + IPNI)
+
+Type: `optionalString` (`null`/missing means the default)
+
 ### `Routing.Routers`
 
 **EXPERIMENTAL: `Routing.Routers` configuration may change in future release**
@@ -1345,7 +1388,6 @@ It specifies the routing type that will be created.
 
 Currently supported types:
 
-- `reframe` **(DEPRECATED)** (delegated routing based on the [reframe protocol](https://github.com/ipfs/specs/tree/main/reframe#readme))
 - `http` simple delegated routing based on HTTP protocol. <!-- TODO add link to specs when we have them merged. -->
 - `dht`
 - `parallel` and `sequential`: Helpers that can be used to run several routers sequentially or in parallel.
@@ -1358,9 +1400,6 @@ Type: `string`
 
 Parameters needed to create the specified router. Supported params per router type:
 
-Reframe **(DEPRECATED)**:
-  - `Endpoint` (mandatory): URL that will be used to connect to a specified router.
-
 HTTP:
   - `Endpoint` (mandatory): URL that will be used to connect to a specified router.
   - `MaxProvideBatchSize`: This number determines the maximum amount of CIDs sent per batch. Servers might not accept more than 100 elements per batch. 100 elements by default.
@@ -1463,46 +1502,6 @@ ipfs config Routing.Methods --json '{
 
 ```
 
-### `Routing.Type`
-
-There are three core routing options: "none", "dht" (default) and "custom".
-
-* If set to "none", your node will use _no_ routing system. You'll have to
-  explicitly connect to peers that have the content you're looking for.
-* If set to "dht" (or "dhtclient"/"dhtserver"), your node will use the IPFS DHT.
-* If set to "custom", `Routing.Routers` will be used.
-
-When the DHT is enabled, it can operate in two modes: client and server.
-
-* In server mode, your node will query other peers for DHT records, and will
-  respond to requests from other peers (both requests to store records and
-  requests to retrieve records).
-* In client mode, your node will query the DHT as a client but will not respond
-  to requests from other peers. This mode is less resource-intensive than server
-  mode.
-
-When `Routing.Type` is set to `dht`, your node will start as a DHT client, and
-switch to a DHT server when and if it determines that it's reachable from the
-public internet (e.g., it's not behind a firewall).
-
-To force a specific DHT mode, client or server, set `Routing.Type` to
-`dhtclient` or `dhtserver` respectively. Please do not set this to `dhtserver`
-unless you're sure your node is reachable from the public network.
-
-**Example:**
-
-```json
-{
-  "Routing": {
-    "Type": "dhtclient"
-  }
-}
-```
-
-Default: `dht`
-
-Type: `optionalString` (`null`/missing means the default)
-
 ## `Swarm`
 
 Options for configuring the swarm.

repo/fsrepo/migrations/ipfsfetcher/ipfsfetcher.go

@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ func initTempNode(ctx context.Context, bootstrap []string, peers []peer.AddrInfo
 	}
 
 	// configure the temporary node
-	cfg.Routing.Type = "dhtclient"
+	cfg.Routing.Type = config.NewOptionalString("dhtclient")
 
 	// Disable listening for inbound connections
 	cfg.Addresses.Gateway = []string{}