src: fix generation of path objects in Windows

[yamachu]

fix: #56650
ref: #56657

This PR fixes a problem that caused a segmentation fault in module resolution when creating a require object with multibyte characters in a non-English environment.

Since the issue occurred when generating a std::filesystem::path object, some patches were applied to the changed areas in the following PR.

a7dad43

Since the issue was reproduced only in different locales, such as ja-JP on Windows, I rewrote the locale in the CI of coverage-windows to run the test.
https://github.com/yamachu/node/pull/2/files#diff-29094741d50149aa772b3e577ad509116bad722ad2de85689b6cb2c01e806a46

.github/workflows/coverage-windows.yml

+      - name: Change locale ja-JP for testing on SJIS environment
+        run: Set-WinSystemLocale -SystemLocale "ja-JP"
+      # to avoid configure, nobuild and noprojgen is needed
+      - name: Test on SJIS environment
+        run: ./vcbuild.bat nobuild noprojgen test-ci-js; node -e 'process.exit(0)'
+        env:
+          NODE_V8_COVERAGE: ./coverage/tmp

The previous PR did not solve the problem when using unicode, so the process was separated for windows and the path object was generated.

The part where std::filesystem::path is used can be fixed by changing this PR.

The results of the test conducted in a Japanese environment can be seen below.
https://github.com/yamachu/node/actions/runs/12903928231/job/35980111577#step:12:16844

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 89.21%. Comparing base (bf59539) to head (0697f02).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #56696      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   89.21%   89.21%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         662      662              
  Lines      191934   191936       +2     
  Branches    36945    36942       -3     
==========================================
+ Hits       171227   171228       +1     
- Misses      13543    13550       +7     
+ Partials     7164     7158       -6     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_modules.cc	78.91% <100.00%> (-0.19%)	⬇️

... and 38 files with indirect coverage changes

[anonrig]

A similar already landed last August: #54653

We should use ToU8StringView() rather than introducing a new API.

[yamachu]

@anonrig

Thanks for the review!
Does this mean in short that I should use std::u8string?

However, there is a problem with the u8string approach.
As I show in the description, the test-require-unicode.js test fails when I run code using u8string in SJIS and en-US（en-US...? e.g. GHA Windows Runner default locale）environment on Windows (so affected ALL WINDOWS).

Therefore, I provided and used an API to handle wstrings without using ToU8StringView.

[anonrig]

I recommend improving existing solution to fit both cases rather than implementing a new solution.

[yamachu]

What are "both cases" presented here?

I am sure that ToU8StringView is not used in current codebase.
Since it is not being used, it does not currently solve the problem.
It is not a solution because I know that using it again will cause problems.

I don't think that trying hard to use u8string in path is a better way to go....