Introduce dereference operator for references

runtime/interpreter/interpreter_expression.go

@@ -688,10 +688,25 @@ func (interpreter *Interpreter) VisitUnaryExpression(expression *ast.UnaryExpres
 		if !ok {
 			panic(errors.NewUnreachableError())
 		}
-		return integerValue.Negate(interpreter, LocationRange{
+		return integerValue.Negate(
+			interpreter,
+			LocationRange{
+				Location:    interpreter.Location,
+				HasPosition: expression,
+			},
+		)
+
+	case ast.OperationMul:
+		referenceValue, ok := value.(ReferenceValue)
+		if !ok {
+			panic(errors.NewUnreachableError())
+		}
+		locationRange := LocationRange{
 			Location:    interpreter.Location,
 			HasPosition: expression,
-		})
+		}
+
+		return DereferenceValue(interpreter, locationRange, referenceValue)
 
 	case ast.OperationMove:
 		interpreter.invalidateResource(value)

runtime/interpreter/value.go

@@ -19691,6 +19691,22 @@ type ReferenceValue interface {
 	ReferencedValue(interpreter *Interpreter, locationRange LocationRange, errorOnFailedDereference bool) *Value
 }
 
+func DereferenceValue(
+	inter *Interpreter,
+	locationRange LocationRange,
+	referenceValue ReferenceValue,
+) Value {
+	referencedValue := referenceValue.ReferencedValue(inter, locationRange, true)
+	return (*referencedValue).Transfer(
+		inter,
+		locationRange,
+		atree.Address{},
+		false,
+		nil,
+		nil,
+	)
+}
+
 // StorageReferenceValue
 type StorageReferenceValue struct {
 	BorrowedType         sema.Type

runtime/parser/expression.go

@@ -488,6 +488,12 @@ func init() {
 		operation:    ast.OperationMove,
 	})
 
+	defineExpr(unaryExpr{
+		tokenType:    lexer.TokenStar,
+		bindingPower: exprLeftBindingPowerUnaryPrefix,
+		operation:    ast.OperationMul,
+	})
+
 	defineExpr(postfixExpr{
 		tokenType:    lexer.TokenExclamationMark,
 		bindingPower: exprLeftBindingPowerUnaryPostfix,

runtime/parser/expression_test.go

@@ -2201,6 +2201,43 @@ func TestParseBlockComment(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestParseMulInfixExpression(t *testing.T) {
+
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	result, errs := testParseExpression(" 1 ** 2")
+	require.Empty(t, errs)
+
+	utils.AssertEqualWithDiff(t,
+		&ast.BinaryExpression{
+			Operation: ast.OperationMul,
+			Left: &ast.IntegerExpression{
+				PositiveLiteral: []byte("1"),
+				Value:           big.NewInt(1),
+				Base:            10,
+				Range: ast.Range{
+					StartPos: ast.Position{Line: 1, Column: 1, Offset: 1},
+					EndPos:   ast.Position{Line: 1, Column: 1, Offset: 1},
+				},
+			},
+			Right: &ast.UnaryExpression{
+				Operation: ast.OperationMul,
+				Expression: &ast.IntegerExpression{
+					PositiveLiteral: []byte("2"),
+					Value:           big.NewInt(2),
+					Base:            10,
+					Range: ast.Range{
+						StartPos: ast.Position{Line: 1, Column: 6, Offset: 6},
+						EndPos:   ast.Position{Line: 1, Column: 6, Offset: 6},
+					},
+				},
+				StartPos: ast.Position{Line: 1, Column: 4, Offset: 4},
+			},
+		},
+		result,
+	)
+}
+
 func BenchmarkParseInfix(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
@@ -4931,40 +4968,95 @@ func TestParseUnaryExpression(t *testing.T) {
 
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	const code = `
-	    let foo = -boo
-	`
-	result, errs := testParseProgram(code)
-	require.Empty(t, errs)
+	t.Run("minus", func(t *testing.T) {
 
-	utils.AssertEqualWithDiff(t,
-		[]ast.Declaration{
-			&ast.VariableDeclaration{
-				Access:     ast.AccessNotSpecified,
-				IsConstant: true,
-				Identifier: ast.Identifier{
-					Identifier: "foo",
-					Pos:        ast.Position{Offset: 10, Line: 2, Column: 9},
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		const code = ` - boo`
+
+		result, errs := testParseExpression(code)
+		require.Empty(t, errs)
+
+		utils.AssertEqualWithDiff(t,
+			&ast.UnaryExpression{
+				Operation: ast.OperationMinus,
+				Expression: &ast.IdentifierExpression{
+					Identifier: ast.Identifier{
+						Identifier: "boo",
+						Pos:        ast.Position{Offset: 3, Line: 1, Column: 3},
+					},
 				},
-				Transfer: &ast.Transfer{
-					Operation: ast.TransferOperationCopy,
-					Pos:       ast.Position{Offset: 14, Line: 2, Column: 13},
+				StartPos: ast.Position{Offset: 1, Line: 1, Column: 1},
+			},
+			result,
+		)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("negate", func(t *testing.T) {
+
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		const code = ` ! boo`
+
+		result, errs := testParseExpression(code)
+		require.Empty(t, errs)
+
+		utils.AssertEqualWithDiff(t,
+			&ast.UnaryExpression{
+				Operation: ast.OperationNegate,
+				Expression: &ast.IdentifierExpression{
+					Identifier: ast.Identifier{
+						Identifier: "boo",
+						Pos:        ast.Position{Offset: 3, Line: 1, Column: 3},
+					},
 				},
-				Value: &ast.UnaryExpression{
-					Operation: ast.OperationMinus,
-					Expression: &ast.IdentifierExpression{
-						Identifier: ast.Identifier{
-							Identifier: "boo",
-							Pos:        ast.Position{Offset: 17, Line: 2, Column: 16},
-						},
+				StartPos: ast.Position{Offset: 1, Line: 1, Column: 1},
+			},
+			result,
+		)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("star", func(t *testing.T) {
+
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		const code = ` * boo`
+
+		result, errs := testParseExpression(code)
+		require.Empty(t, errs)
+
+		utils.AssertEqualWithDiff(t,
+			&ast.UnaryExpression{
+				Operation: ast.OperationMul,
+				Expression: &ast.IdentifierExpression{
+					Identifier: ast.Identifier{
+						Identifier: "boo",
+						Pos:        ast.Position{Offset: 3, Line: 1, Column: 3},
 					},
-					StartPos: ast.Position{Offset: 16, Line: 2, Column: 15},
 				},
-				StartPos: ast.Position{Offset: 6, Line: 2, Column: 5},
+				StartPos: ast.Position{Offset: 1, Line: 1, Column: 1},
 			},
-		},
-		result.Declarations(),
-	)
+			result,
+		)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("invalid", func(t *testing.T) {
+
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		const code = ` % boo`
+
+		_, errs := testParseExpression(code)
+		utils.AssertEqualWithDiff(t,
+			[]error{
+				&SyntaxError{
+					Message: "unexpected token in expression: '%'",
+					Pos:     ast.Position{Line: 1, Column: 2, Offset: 2},
+				},
+			},
+			errs,
+		)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestParseOrExpression(t *testing.T) {

runtime/sema/check_unary_expression.go

@@ -61,6 +61,44 @@ func (checker *Checker) VisitUnaryExpression(expression *ast.UnaryExpression) Ty
 	case ast.OperationMinus:
 		return checkExpectedType(valueType, SignedNumberType)
 
+	case ast.OperationMul:
+		referenceType, ok := valueType.(*ReferenceType)
+		if !ok {
+			if !valueType.IsInvalidType() {
+				checker.report(
+					&InvalidUnaryOperandError{
+						Operation:               expression.Operation,
+						ExpectedTypeDescription: "reference type",
+						ActualType:              valueType,
+						Range: ast.NewRangeFromPositioned(
+							checker.memoryGauge,
+							expression.Expression,
+						),
+					},
+				)
+				return InvalidType
+			}
+		}
+
+		innerType := referenceType.Type
+
+		// Allow primitives or containers of primitives.
+		if !IsPrimitiveOrContainerOfPrimitive(innerType) {
+			checker.report(
+				&InvalidUnaryOperandError{
+					Operation:               expression.Operation,
+					ExpectedTypeDescription: "primitive or container of primitives",
+					ActualType:              innerType,
+					Range: ast.NewRangeFromPositioned(
+						checker.memoryGauge,
+						expression.Expression,
+					),
+				},
+			)
+		}
+
+		return innerType
+
 	case ast.OperationMove:
 		if !valueType.IsInvalidType() &&
 			!valueType.IsResourceType() {

runtime/sema/errors.go

@@ -589,8 +589,9 @@ func (e *IncorrectArgumentLabelError) SuggestFixes(code string) []errors.Suggest
 // InvalidUnaryOperandError
 
 type InvalidUnaryOperandError struct {
-	ExpectedType Type
-	ActualType   Type
+	ExpectedType            Type
+	ExpectedTypeDescription string
+	ActualType              Type
 	ast.Range
 	Operation ast.Operation
 }
@@ -611,16 +612,25 @@ func (e *InvalidUnaryOperandError) Error() string {
 }
 
 func (e *InvalidUnaryOperandError) SecondaryError() string {
-	expected, actual := ErrorMessageExpectedActualTypes(
-		e.ExpectedType,
-		e.ActualType,
-	)
+	expectedType := e.ExpectedType
+	if expectedType != nil {
+		expected, actual := ErrorMessageExpectedActualTypes(
+			e.ExpectedType,
+			e.ActualType,
+		)
 
-	return fmt.Sprintf(
-		"expected `%s`, got `%s`",
-		expected,
-		actual,
-	)
+		return fmt.Sprintf(
+			"expected `%s`, got `%s`",
+			expected,
+			actual,
+		)
+	} else {
+		return fmt.Sprintf(
+			"expected %s, got `%s`",
+			e.ExpectedTypeDescription,
+			e.ActualType.QualifiedString(),
+		)
+	}
 }
 
 // InvalidBinaryOperandError

runtime/sema/type.go

@@ -6448,6 +6448,22 @@ func (t *AddressType) initializeMemberResolvers() {
 	})
 }
 
+func IsPrimitiveOrContainerOfPrimitive(ty Type) bool {
+	switch ty := ty.(type) {
+	case *VariableSizedType:
+		return IsPrimitiveOrContainerOfPrimitive(ty.Type)
+
+	case *ConstantSizedType:
+		return IsPrimitiveOrContainerOfPrimitive(ty.Type)
+
+	case *DictionaryType:
+		return IsPrimitiveOrContainerOfPrimitive(ty.ValueType)
+
+	default:
+		return ty.IsPrimitiveType()
+	}
+}
+
 // IsSubType determines if the given subtype is a subtype
 // of the given supertype.
 //