Add project files.

UrlShortener.ApiService/Entities/ShortenedUrl.cs

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+namespace UrlShortener.ApiService.Domain
+{
+    public class ShortenedUrl
+    {
+        public Guid Id { get; set; }
+
+        public string LongUrl { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        public string ShortUrl { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        public string Code { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+        public DateTime CreatedOnUtc { get; set; }
+    }
+}

UrlShortener.ApiService/Features/RedirectUrl.cs

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+using Carter;
+using MediatR;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using UrlShortener.ApiService.Infrastructure.Database;
+
+namespace UrlShortener.ApiService.Features
+{
+    public class RedirectUrlQuery : IRequest<string>
+    {
+        public string Code { get; set; }
+    }
+
+    internal sealed class RedirectUrlQueryHandler :
+        IRequestHandler<RedirectUrlQuery, string>
+    {
+        private readonly ApplicationDbContext _context;
+        public const int NumberOfCharsInShortLink = 7;
+        private const string Alphabet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
+
+        private readonly Random _random = new();
+
+        public RedirectUrlQueryHandler(ApplicationDbContext context)
+        {
+            _context = context;
+        }
+
+        public async Task<string> Handle(RedirectUrlQuery request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+        {
+            var shortenedUrl = await _context
+                    .ShortenedUrls
+                    .FirstOrDefaultAsync(s => s.Code == request.Code);
+
+            if (shortenedUrl is null)
+            {
+                //return Results.NotFound();
+            }
+
+            return shortenedUrl.ShortUrl;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public class RedirectUrlEndpoint : ICarterModule
+    {
+        public void AddRoutes(IEndpointRouteBuilder app)
+        {
+            app.MapGet("api/{code}", async (String code, ISender sender) =>
+            {
+                var query = new RedirectUrlQuery { Code = code };
+                var result = await sender.Send(query);
+
+                return Results.Ok(result);
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}

UrlShortener.ApiService/Features/ShortenUrl.cs

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+using Carter;
+using FluentValidation;
+using MediatR;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using System;
+using UrlShortener.ApiService.Domain;
+using UrlShortener.ApiService.Infrastructure.Database;
+
+namespace UrlShortener.ApiService.Features
+{
+    public class ShortenUrlQuery : IRequest<string>
+    {
+        public string LongUrl { get; set; }
+    }
+
+
+    internal sealed class ShortenUrlQueryHandler :
+        IRequestHandler<ShortenUrlQuery, string>
+    {
+        private readonly ApplicationDbContext _context;
+        public const int NumberOfCharsInShortLink = 7;
+        private const string Alphabet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
+
+        private readonly Random _random = new();
+
+        public ShortenUrlQueryHandler(ApplicationDbContext context)
+        {
+            _context = context;
+        }
+
+        public async Task<string> Handle(ShortenUrlQuery request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+        {
+            if (!Uri.TryCreate(request.LongUrl, UriKind.Absolute, out _))
+            {
+                throw new Exception("The specified URL is invalid.");
+                //return Results.BadRequest("The specified URL is invalid.");
+            }
+
+            var code = await GenerateUniqueCode();
+
+            var shortenedUrl = new ShortenedUrl
+            {
+                Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
+                LongUrl = request.LongUrl,
+                Code = code,
+                //ShortUrl = $"{_context.Request.Scheme}://{_context.Request.Host}/api/{code}",
+                CreatedOnUtc = DateTime.UtcNow
+            };
+
+            _context.ShortenedUrls.Add(shortenedUrl);
+
+            await _context.SaveChangesAsync();
+
+            return shortenedUrl.ShortUrl;
+        }
+
+        public async Task<string> GenerateUniqueCode()
+        {
+            var codeChars = new char[NumberOfCharsInShortLink];
+
+            while (true)
+            {
+                for (var i = 0; i < NumberOfCharsInShortLink; i++)
+                {
+                    var randomIndex = _random.Next(Alphabet.Length - 1);
+
+                    codeChars[i] = Alphabet[randomIndex];
+                }
+
+                var code = new string(codeChars);
+
+                if (!await _context.ShortenedUrls.AnyAsync(s => s.Code == code))
+                {
+                    return code;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class ShortenUrlEndpoint : ICarterModule
+    {
+        public void AddRoutes(IEndpointRouteBuilder app)
+        {
+            app.MapGet("api/shorten/{longUrl}", async (String longUrl, ISender sender) =>
+            {
+                var query = new ShortenUrlQuery { LongUrl = longUrl };
+                var result = await sender.Send(query);
+
+                return Results.Ok(result);
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}

UrlShortener.ApiService/Infrastructure/Database/ApplicationDbContext.cs

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+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Reflection.Emit;
+using UrlShortener.ApiService.Domain;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.ValueConversion;
+using System.Reflection;
+
+namespace UrlShortener.ApiService.Infrastructure.Database
+{
+    public class ApplicationDbContext : DbContext
+    {
+        public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions options)
+            : base(options)
+        {
+        }
+
+        public DbSet<ShortenedUrl> ShortenedUrls { get; set; }
+
+        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
+        {
+            modelBuilder.Entity<ShortenedUrl>(builder =>
+            {
+                builder
+                    .Property(shortenedUrl => shortenedUrl.Code)
+                    .HasMaxLength(ShortLinkSettings.Length);
+
+                builder
+                    .HasIndex(shortenedUrl => shortenedUrl.Code)
+                    .IsUnique();
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+}

UrlShortener.ApiService/Infrastructure/Extensions/EndpointExtensions.cs

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+using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Extensions;
+using System.Reflection;
+using UrlShortener.ApiService.Infrastructure;
+
+namespace UrlShortener.ApiService.Infrastructure.Extensions
+{
+    public static class EndpointExtensions
+    {
+        public static IServiceCollection AddEndpoints(this IServiceCollection services, Assembly assembly)
+        {
+            ServiceDescriptor[] serviceDescriptors = assembly
+                .DefinedTypes
+                .Where(type => type is { IsAbstract: false, IsInterface: false } &&
+                               type.IsAssignableTo(typeof(IEndpoint)))
+                .Select(type => ServiceDescriptor.Transient(typeof(IEndpoint), type))
+                .ToArray();
+
+            services.TryAddEnumerable(serviceDescriptors);
+
+            return services;
+        }
+
+        public static IApplicationBuilder MapEndpoints(this WebApplication app, RouteGroupBuilder? routeGroupBuilder = null)
+        {
+            IEnumerable<IEndpoint> endpoints = app.Services.GetRequiredService<IEnumerable<IEndpoint>>();
+
+            IEndpointRouteBuilder builder = routeGroupBuilder is null ? app : routeGroupBuilder;
+
+            foreach (IEndpoint endpoint in endpoints)
+            {
+                endpoint.MapEndpoint(builder);
+            }
+
+            return app;
+        }
+    }
+}

UrlShortener.ApiService/Infrastructure/Extensions/MigrationExtensions.cs

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+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using UrlShortener.ApiService.Infrastructure.Database;
+
+namespace UrlShortener.ApiService.Infrastructure.Extensions
+{
+    public static class MigrationExtensions
+    {
+        public static void ApplyMigrations(this WebApplication app)
+        {
+            using var scope = app.Services.CreateScope();
+
+            var dbContext = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<ApplicationDbContext>();
+
+            dbContext.Database.Migrate();
+        }
+    }
+}

UrlShortener.ApiService/Infrastructure/IEndpoint.cs

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+namespace UrlShortener.ApiService.Infrastructure
+{
+    public interface IEndpoint
+    {
+        void MapEndpoint(IEndpointRouteBuilder app);
+    }
+}

UrlShortener.ApiService/Program.cs

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+using Carter;
+using FluentValidation;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using UrlShortener.ApiService.Infrastructure.Database;
+using UrlShortener.ApiService.Infrastructure.Extensions;
+
+var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
+
+// Add service defaults & Aspire components.
+builder.AddServiceDefaults();
+
+// Add services to the container.
+builder.Services.AddProblemDetails();
+
+builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
+builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();
+
+builder.Services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(o =>
+    o.UseSqlServer(builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("Database")));
+
+builder.Services.AddEndpoints(typeof(Program).Assembly);
+
+
+//builder.Services.AddMediatR(config => config.RegisterServicesFromAssembly(typeof(Program).Assembly));
+
+builder.Services.AddCarter();
+
+builder.Services.AddValidatorsFromAssembly(typeof(Program).Assembly);
+
+var app = builder.Build();
+
+// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
+app.UseExceptionHandler();
+
+app.MapEndpoints();
+
+app.MapDefaultEndpoints();
+
+if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
+{
+    app.UseSwagger();
+    app.UseSwaggerUI();
+    app.ApplyMigrations();
+}
+
+app.MapCarter();
+
+app.UseHttpsRedirection();
+
+app.Run();
+

UrlShortener.ApiService/Properties/launchSettings.json

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+{
+  "$schema": "https://json.schemastore.org/launchsettings.json",
+  "profiles": {
+    "http": {
+      "commandName": "Project",
+      "dotnetRunMessages": true,
+      "launchBrowser": true,
+      "launchUrl": "swagger",
+      "applicationUrl": "http://localhost:5385",
+      "environmentVariables": {
+        "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development"
+      }
+    },
+    "https": {
+      "commandName": "Project",
+      "dotnetRunMessages": true,
+      "launchBrowser": true,
+      "launchUrl": "weatherforecast",
+      "applicationUrl": "https://localhost:7549;http://localhost:5385",
+      "environmentVariables": {
+        "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

UrlShortener.ApiService/ShortLinkSettings.cs

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+namespace UrlShortener.ApiService
+{
+    public static class ShortLinkSettings
+    {
+        public const int Length = 7;
+        public const string Alphabet =
+            "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
+    }
+}

UrlShortener.ApiService/UrlShortener.ApiService.csproj

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+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
+    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\UrlShortener.ServiceDefaults\UrlShortener.ServiceDefaults.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+	  <PackageReference Include="Carter" Version="7.1.0" />
+	  <PackageReference Include="FluentValidation.DependencyInjectionExtensions" Version="11.7.1" />
+	  <PackageReference Include="Mapster" Version="7.3.0" />
+	  <PackageReference Include="MediatR" Version="12.1.1" />
+	  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.OpenApi" Version="7.0.10" />
+	  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer" Version="7.0.10" />
+	  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools" Version="7.0.10">
+		  <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
+		  <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
+	  </PackageReference>
+	  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Azure.Containers.Tools.Targets" Version="1.19.5" />
+	  <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore" Version="6.5.0" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Folder Include="Shared\" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>