Merge Sort Implementation

Sorting Algo/mergeSort.java

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+public class MergeSort {
+
+    // Function to merge two subarrays of arr[].
+    // First subarray is arr[left..mid]
+    // Second subarray is arr[mid+1..right]
+    public static void merge(int[] arr, int left, int mid, int right) {
+        // Sizes of two subarrays to be merged
+        int n1 = mid - left + 1;
+        int n2 = right - mid;
+
+        // Temporary arrays
+        int[] L = new int[n1];
+        int[] R = new int[n2];
+
+        // Copy data to temporary arrays
+        for (int i = 0; i < n1; ++i)
+            L[i] = arr[left + i];
+        for (int j = 0; j < n2; ++j)
+            R[j] = arr[mid + 1 + j];
+
+        // Merge the two subarrays
+        int i = 0, j = 0;
+        int k = left;
+        while (i < n1 && j < n2) {
+            if (L[i] <= R[j]) {
+                arr[k] = L[i];
+                i++;
+            } else {
+                arr[k] = R[j];
+                j++;
+            }
+            k++;
+        }
+
+        // Copy remaining elements of L[], if any
+        while (i < n1) {
+            arr[k] = L[i];
+            i++;
+            k++;
+        }
+
+        // Copy remaining elements of R[], if any
+        while (j < n2) {
+            arr[k] = R[j];
+            j++;
+            k++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Main function that sorts arr[left..right] using merge()
+    public static void mergeSort(int[] arr, int left, int right) {
+        if (left < right) {
+            // Find the middle point
+            int mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
+
+            // Recursively sort the first and second halves
+            mergeSort(arr, left, mid);
+            mergeSort(arr, mid + 1, right);
+
+            // Merge the sorted halves
+            merge(arr, left, mid, right);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Utility function to print the array
+    public static void printArray(int[] arr) {
+        for (int value : arr) {
+            System.out.print(value + " ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        int[] numbers = {12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7};
+        System.out.println("Original array:");
+        printArray(numbers);
+        mergeSort(numbers, 0, numbers.length - 1);
+        System.out.println("Sorted array:");
+        printArray(numbers);
+    }
+}