Make use of partx instead of partprobe

[davidcassany]

This commit makes use of partx to notify the kernel on partition updates. This fixes the installation over loop devices on some distributions (e.g. Leap 15.5).

[davidcassany]

I am facing the same or very similar issue as it was reported in #1841 reported while trying to install to a loop device. So far I noted the process does not work on Leap 15.5 hosts, feels like there is something updated in parted or some related tooling. Feels like it doesn't notify the kernel anymore for /dev/loop devices 🤷🏽‍♂️ Interestingly enough I can't see such an issue on my main host (running Leap 15.3, yes I should update it...).

This PR works fine on both Leap 15.3 and Leap 15.5, moreover relies on partx which is part of util-linux. This opens the door to actually completely remove parted from our dependency set and use sgdisk instead.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: 296 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (4c84315) 75.78% compared to head (e59c794) 75.33%.
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1846      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   75.78%   75.33%   -0.46%     
==========================================
  Files          63       67       +4     
  Lines        5789     6814    +1025     
==========================================
+ Hits         4387     5133     +746     
- Misses       1092     1311     +219     
- Partials      310      370      +60     

Files	Coverage Δ
pkg/action/install.go	80.54% <100.00%> (ø)
pkg/action/reset.go	71.73% <100.00%> (ø)
pkg/action/upgrade.go	61.96% <100.00%> (ø)
pkg/config/config.go	96.34% <100.00%> (+0.88%)	⬆️
pkg/constants/constants.go	87.09% <ø> (+4.83%)	⬆️
pkg/mocks/cloud-init-runner_mock.go	88.46% <100.00%> (+2.74%)	⬆️
pkg/partitioner/parted.go	97.81% <100.00%> (+0.13%)	⬆️
pkg/utils/grub.go	58.36% <100.00%> (+0.17%)	⬆️
pkg/partitioner/partitioner.go	75.00% <75.00%> (ø)
pkg/cloudinit/cloudinit.go	90.00% <70.00%> (-5.00%)	⬇️
... and 10 more

... and 2 files with indirect coverage changes

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