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...etait-une-nouvelle-histoire-de-l-humanite-par-david-graeber-et-david-wengrow.md
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--- | ||
title: "Au commencement était... : Une nouvelle histoire de l'humanité par David Graeber et David Wengrow" | ||
categories: | ||
- name: books | ||
published_date: "2023-09-08" | ||
template: page | ||
--- | ||
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## Notes | ||
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### Chapitre 1 : l'adieu à l'enfance de l'humanité | ||
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- _Homo sapiens_ a existé pendant au moins 200'000 ans, mais on ne saura jamais ce qu'il a vécu durant la majeure partie de cette période | ||
- Rousseau v. Hobbes | ||
- On essaie de puiser dans la préhistoire pour comprendre le monde actuel : est-ce que l'être humain est naturellement bon ou mauvais ? S'il est fondamentalement bon, est-ce qu'un événement a fait dérailler l'histoire ? | ||
- Mauvaise question, puisque "bon" et "mauvais" ne sont pas des qualités intrinsèques, mais des jugements de valeur | ||
- Réponse chrétienne : l'être humain est né bon, mais le péché originel l'a corrompu | ||
- Réponse du second discours de Rousseau, 1754 : des petits groupes d'êtres humains vivaient en harmonie et en paix de chasse et de pêche, l'agriculture puis les villes et la société l'ont corrompu. C'était la naissance de la philosophie, l'écriture, la science, mais aussi de la patriarchie, les guerres, etc. | ||
- Réponse alternative de Thomas Hobbes dans le Léviathan, 1651 : l'être humain est fondamentalement égoïste, et donc l'état de nature était l'inverse d'un âge d'or. Les humains y vivaient une existence "solitaire, misérable, dangereuse, animale et brève". Le rôle des états, la justice, la police est de réprimer cette nature pour vivre en paix | ||
- Idée durable. Politique, police, politesse viennent de _polis_ en grec, la cité. En latin _civitas_ a donné civilité, civique, civilisation | ||
- Rousseau v. Hobbes est la même distinction que dans [Crash Course: Big History ep. 6](https://youtu.be/UPggkvB9_dc?feature=shared&t=711) | ||
- Le problème de Rousseau et Hobbes : (1) les deux théories sont fausses, (2) elles ont des terribles conséquences politiques et (3) donnent une image ennuyeuse du passé | ||
- (1) La réalité n'est ni le bon sauvage ni l'état de nature d'Hobbes. Par exemple, on sait que les sociétés préagricoles n'étaient pas toutes des petits groupes égalitaires, mais qu'il y avait des formes très variées de fonctionnement ; que l'agriculture ne coïncide pas avec la naissance de la propriété privée et l'inégalité ; et que les premières villes ne fonctionnaient pas forcément avec une différence de classes. Plus dans la suite du livre | ||
- (2) Hobbes : fait croire qu'on doit contrôler la population pour éviter les dérives vers sa nature. Rousseau : fait croire qu'il est impossible de retourner à l'état de nature, on doit se contenter de maintenant vivre dans un monde injuste et inégal. Le mot "inégalité" ne pousse pas à l'action, il est vague, on se contente de le calculer "à coups de coefficients de Gini". "Renverser le capitalisme" était une idée plus _actionable_. | ||
- (3) Ennuyeux parce que binaire, le passé est beaucoup plus divers, expérimental et intéressant | ||
- Généralement : "vision évolutionniste de l'histoire" | ||
- Initialement le but du livre était de raconter l'histoire des inégalités. Mais : cela présume qu'il y a un moment où les inégalités ont _commencé_, ça laisse croire que c'est fait et qu'il est impossible de revenir en arrière. | ||
- Rien ne laisse à croire que les petits groupes préagricoles étaient égalitaires ou, inversement, que les villes ou états doivent être organisés en royaumes ou bureaucraties. | ||
- Intéressant ! Les auteurs critiquent des scientifiques qui disent que les chosent vont au mieux aujourd'hui, chiffres à la clé (espérance de vie, mortalité infantile etc.), je pense par exemple aux données de _Our World In Data_. Ils disent que ces chiffres ne corrèlent pas forcément au bonheur humain, qui est difficile à mesurer. Ils ignorent [les statistiques sur le sujet](https://ourworldindata.org/happiness-and-life-satisfaction) et disent qu'on a une façon de savoir si un mode de vie est préférable à un autre (ils pensent à un mode de vie tribal v. la société moderne) : demander aux individus. Or il semble que les individus questionnés préfèrent le mode de vie tribal. | ||
- Exemple 1 : fille brésilienne enlevée par les Yanomamis à 11 ans. 20 ans plus tard, elle décide d'aller à la rencontre de sa famille biologique et du monde occidental, mais n'y trouve que tristesse et solitude. Elle choisit les Yanomamis | ||
- Biaisé, non ? Elle est yanomami et le changement est souvent perçu comme négatif. Elle n'est pas neutre du tout, l'inverse st totalement envisageable | ||
- Colons enlevés par des autochtones qui décident de rester parmi eux (pas d'exemple concret). On pense à Avatar | ||
- Enfants de colons enlevés par des autochtones et qui, plus tard, mis en présence de leurs parents biologiques, se réfugient auprès de leurs parents adoptifs. Ça paraît normal, c'est de la psychologie humaine et pas une preuve que le mode de vie autochtone est supérieur... | ||
- Amérindiens qui décident de retourner auprès des leurs après avoir essayé de s'intégrer. De nouveau, psychologie, appartenance... |
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--- | ||
title: "Banques" | ||
categories: | ||
- name: | ||
published_date: "2024-07-03" | ||
template: page | ||
--- | ||
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## La Banque Postale | ||
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- j'aime | ||
- environnementalement pas horrible | ||
- branque trad donc des avantages p.ex. livret A, même si je comprends pas ce que c'est | ||
- j'aime pas | ||
- appli et interface web HORRIBLES | ||
- "notifications" pour confirmer l'utilisation de Certicode | ||
- pas de notifications pour les payements | ||
- blocage de me carte à l'étranger et impossible de leur dire que je suis en voyage dans toute l'Asie, il faut spécifier les dates et pays (d'autres banques ne font pas ça) | ||
- impossible de faire un versement tout de suite, il faut d'abord ajouter un bénéficiaire et attendre TROIS JOURS que ça soit approuvé | ||
- communication IMPOSSIBLE, personne ne répond à part au tel | ||
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## ... |
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--- | ||
title: "Hosting a static site" | ||
categories: | ||
- name: | ||
published_date: "2024-05-30" | ||
template: page | ||
--- | ||
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- not cloudflare anymore (ref to old post) | ||
- want something more barebones, not free, on a shared server | ||
- no vendor lock-in | ||
- chance to learn about web servers | ||
- no need for a CDN esp. when trying to reduce footprint | ||
- for now, host images on host (one moving part fewer) | ||
- Q: what about lambdas? these are useful for some things. Still Cloudflare? | ||
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## Registrar | ||
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Currently Gandi. Will move away from it (acquired) | ||
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- big list here: https://european-alternatives.eu/category/domain-name-registrar | ||
- tiny list here: https://github.com/pluja/awesome-privacy?tab=readme-ov-file#domain-registrar (including because the rest of this Awesome list is interesting) | ||
- CH: Infomaniak | ||
- EU: look at netim (FR), lots of others | ||
- https://www.mythic-beasts.com/, Cambridge Uni | ||
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## Hosting | ||
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- https://shockhosting.net/ with several EU locations. Shared hosting starting at 2.24$/mo with unlimited storage, bandwidth AND mail (?!) | ||
- would allow moving mail out of metral.ch and towards a full stack that I own (though that's not a goal in itself) | ||
- would prefer for everything (incl. mail) to be hosted in the EU, is that possible? | ||
- https://www.stablehost.com/ with several EU locations. Shared hosting starting at 1.5$/mo (0.9$/mo for first year), 5GB storage | ||
- https://www.netim.com/en FR. 1 website (10GB), 10 email addresses (20GB), 1DB. 2EUR/mo | ||
- To do: look at https://njal.la/, I like the messaging | ||
- https://bunny.net, 100GO storage for 1EUR/mo | ||
- https://www.hetzner.com/webhosting/, 2EUR/mo including a domain, a mailbox, 1 DB and 10GB storage (for files and mail). Also check the cloud services, bit more barebones | ||
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## Object hosting | ||
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For images e.g. for Eau de poisson (not an issue for this small website) | ||
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- big list: https://european-alternatives.eu/category/object-storage-providers | ||
- **Nope** [Exoscale](https://www.exoscale.com/object-storage/) (CH). Dismissed because I don't like the complicated pricing with egress fees etc | ||
- [Scaleway](https://www.scaleway.com/en/object-storage/) (FR). Zones: Paris, Amsterdam, Warsaw. 1 zone = €0,0000165/GB/hour = ~€0,1188/mo for 10GB (tax excluded). Generous free tier for egress (75G/mo), then €0.01/Go (same as OVH). Total excluding tax = **€0.12/mo** (when egress < 75G/mo). Probably can host more objects. | ||
- **Nope** [Fuga](https://fuga.cloud/services/s3-objectstorage/) (NL). Zones: Amsterdam. €0,055/GB/mo = ~€0.55/mo for 10GB. Egress €0,055 per GB/mo, cost for ops... complicated pricing and more expensive than Scaleway, dismissed | ||
- **Nope** [Contabo](https://contabo.com/en/object-storage/) (DE). Zone: Worldwide. €2.49/month for 250 GB (tax excluded). Nice straightforward pricing, more expensive for smaller storage amounts, cheaper than Scaleway if nearing 250GB. Total excluding tax = **€2.49/mo**. Can host more objects. Dismissed, too expensive for now, maybe in the future when hosting more data (it should be easy to switch between S3-compliant providers!) | ||
- [OVH](https://www.ovhcloud.com/en/public-cloud/object-storage/) (FR). Zones? €0,007/month/GB = €0,07/mo for 10GB (tax excluded). Cheapest when no public egress. Warning: public egress €0,01/Go—we currently serve 7Go/mo through eaudepoisson, so this would add €0.07. Total excluding tax = **€0.14/mo**. Probably can host more objects. | ||
- [intercolo](https://intercolo.de/en/object-storage) (DE). Seems a bit MVPish. Anonymous access not allowed ([source](https://docs.intercolo.de/en/docs/object_storage/compatibility/#overview)), need to use intercolo's CDN service. **Emailed to ask questions about pricing** | ||
- [Tebi](https://tebi.io/) (CY). Only object storage. Seems very MVP (don't trust it). Who hosts the files, Hetzner? Free tier of 25 GB of storage and 250 GB of traffic (good to start? If the API is S3-compatible it's easy to switch). Made an account and emailed with question about ACL (access control for objects) | ||
- **Nope** [CleverCloud](https://www.clever-cloud.com/product/cellar-object-storage/) (FR). Zones: ?. €0,020/GB/mo = €0,2/mo. Expensive egress (€0,09/GB). Total excluding tax = **€0,83/mo**. Dismissed, more expensive and less reliable than competitors | ||
- **Nope** [Ionos](https://cloud.ionos.fr/stockage/object-storage) (DE). Zones: ?. €0,007/Go/mo = 0,014/mo for 10Go (tax excluded) (same as OVH). Egress €0,030/Go when under 10To. Total excluding tax = **€0,224/mo**. Dismissed, more expensive than competitors (high egress) | ||
- [Cloudflare R2](https://www.cloudflare.com/developer-platform/r2/) (US). Zones: worldwide. Free tier for storage (10GB) and operations (many). Beyond the free tier: $0,015/GB/mo = $0.15/mo for 10 GB. Total excluding tax = **€0,15/mo**. Good: it's Cloudflare (very easy to use R2 with Workers, current FAAS provider). Less good: it's Cloudflare (vendor lock-in, will be tough to switch, and I do want to switch eventually). I don't like that it's necessary to add a credit card to start using the service | ||
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## FAAS (Lambda) hosting | ||
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- one item on the list here: https://european-alternatives.eu/category/faas-function-as-a-service-providers | ||
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## Code hosting | ||
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- free hosted Gitea | ||
- Codeberg (uses Forgejo) | ||
- Sourcehut https://sourcehut.org/ (Q: where is it hosted?) |
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--- | ||
title: "Les choses par Georges Perec" | ||
categories: | ||
- name: books | ||
published_date: "2023-11-29" | ||
template: page | ||
lang: "fr" | ||
--- | ||
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... |
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--- | ||
title: "Paul tbd" | ||
categories: | ||
- name: | ||
published_date: "2023-12-07" | ||
template: page | ||
--- |
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--- | ||
title: "photos-workflow" | ||
categories: | ||
- name: dev | ||
published_date: "2024-05-26" | ||
template: page | ||
--- | ||
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Just notes here | ||
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Two kinds of photos: | ||
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1. sorted photos for archiving | ||
2. optimized photos for serving on the web | ||
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## 1. sorted photos for archiving | ||
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- high quality but not too high | ||
- (should phone pics be slightly optimized before archiving?) | ||
- easily accessible. Different levels: | ||
- best (but most expensive in terms of $ and consumption): anywhere would require cloud storage | ||
- better: on home network with some kid of NAS | ||
- **good: on hard drive, with a photo viewing app** (incl thumbnails, albums, etc) to avoid having to go through a FS. WITH BACKUPS | ||
- no access on phone. Fine for archives | ||
- I like this one. Which photo viewing app and how to use it on multiple devices seamlessly? (two laptops) | ||
- bad: on a hard drive without a backup | ||
- bad: on Google Photos | ||
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### 1b: on-the-road storage (when the hard drive is at home) | ||
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- Nextcloud (easy upload, already using) | ||
- optimize photos app with thumbnails? | ||
- only worth it on very long trips, otherwise the viewing happens back home on local system | ||
- improve viewing exp with memories app? (https://github.com/pulsejet/memories) | ||
- only worth it on very long trips, otherwise the viewing happens back home on local system | ||
- remote storage to avoid taking too much space on Alwaysdata? | ||
- S3-compatible storage with no egress fees: | ||
- reliable, cheap if using under 1TO: Digital Ocean Spaces, 5$/mo for 250 Go, https://www.digitalocean.com/products/spaces | ||
- cheapest: iDrive e2, 30$/TO/year, https://www.idrive.com/s3-storage-e2/ | ||
- cheap, reliable: BackBlaze, 6$/TO/mo, https://www.backblaze.com/cloud-storage/pricing | ||
- Wasabi, 7$/TO/mo, https://wasabi.com/cloud-storage-pricing | ||
- Impossible Cloud, 8$/TO/month, https://www.impossiblecloud.com/pricing | ||
- Note: don't want to use these long-term (only while on the road) because | ||
- commercial: pricing will change, there will be bad surprises | ||
- cloud: not great with low/no connection | ||
- To do: | ||
- check small print of Digital Ocean, BackBlaze and iDrive to see what the real monthly cost would be for storing ~100Go as NextCloud remote storage with regular NextCloud usage (viewing photos etc.) | ||
- find answer to this question: is remote storage really better for NextCloud storage? https://help.nextcloud.com/t/how-does-external-storage-work-local-caching-trash-storage-space/146456 | ||
- is it better to have a single service for on-the-road hosting and web hosting? | ||
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## 2. optimized web media storage | ||
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Rough thoughts: | ||
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- does it need to be in multiple locations? | ||
- ideally yes. Truly, I don't think so (more resources, usually $ but also storage. Would rather have a single file server in use than many), better focus on optimizing aggressively | ||
- store multiple photo sizes/formats | ||
- ideally yes | ||
- storage: look into costs for a few GB (currently 500MB with a single size and format) and 100GB (eventually) | ||
- can the photos and the website be served from the same server? | ||
- this would be ideal, moving away from Cloudflare and doing things more "manually". Need to look into hosts! | ||
- what workflow for transforming and optimizing and uploading images? | ||
- ... |
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