Part2

part2.md

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+# first minute on a nix server
+
+1.history
+2.w, who
+3.htop
+4.df
+5.netstat
+
+## History
+
+its a very usefull command but can be used to check what was done on server last time 
+
+i like to use it in 
+
+```bash
+history | less	
+```
+
+create a histignore file cause too many time ls ,date,pwd like commands can add unwanted stuff to history
+
+``` bash
+export HISTIGNORE='ls -l:pwd:date:'	
+```
+
+### get history of anyother user 
+
+to see command history executed by a specific user. Bash keeps records of history in a ‘~/.bash_history’ file. We can view or open file to see the command history.
+this can change with the shell
+
+```bash
+less /home/<some user>/.bash_history
+```
+
+## w
+
+## htop/top
+
+## df
+
+## netstat
+

part3.md

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+# welcome2nix
+
+## ls 
+
+List directory contents
+
+### too many posibilites go and read man pages lol
+```ls [-ABCFGHLOPRSTUW@abcdefghiklmnopqrstuwx1%] [file ...]```
+
+### simple example
+```ls /some/dir```
+
+it will list files and folder on that path if your terminal support colors you may see some different colors too
+
+### How to see hidden files ?
+```ls -a``` if you are confused with `.` and `..` then use ```ls -A```
+
+### file search using ls 
+i am searching for file that ends with x ``` ls *x```\
+```ls s*``` will search all files starting with s on current path\
+```ls x??``` this will display chars with x and any two letters\
+what if I have multiple folders at my current path and want to chek them too\
+```ls -R */x```\
+if you know what pipe is (will cover later) you can try using grep
+
+### my terminal shows color and I know what color means what if its dosent support color how can I differinciate between files dirs or symbolic links etc etc
+```ls -F```
+
+* ```/ indicates a directory```
+* ```@ indicates a symbolic link```
+* ```| indicates a FIFO```
+* ```= indicates a socket```
+* ```> indicates a door```
+* ```nothing is shown for regular files```
+
+##### we will look at above things later what they mean
+
+### to display one directory content per line (it might be useful in some case )
+```ls -1```
+ls -2 will not work lol
+
+### what if I want to look inside folders too but I dont want to run ls one by one ?
+
+```ls -R``` i personally prefer tree
+
+### lets see long listing
+```ls -l```
+oooo too much information but what do that means ?
+* 1st column is permissions (we will see it later <sometimes you can find a . too its intresting>)
+
+In some permission systems additional symbols in the ls -l display represent additional permission features:
+
+> + (plus) suffix indicates an access control list that can control additional permissions.\
+> . (dot) suffix indicates an SELinux context is present. Details may be listed with the command ls -Z.
+> @ suffix indicates extended file attributes are present.
+
+* 2nd column tells about how many link to this file
+* 3rd column tells about the owner of the file
+* 4th column tells about the group owner of the file
+* 5th column tells about the size of the file in bytes unit. 
+  * Except for directories, the size will always count as 4096 bytes
+  * long listing with size displayed using human readable units (KB, MB, GB):
+    * ```ls -lh```
+* 6th column tells about the last time and date the file is modified
+* 7th column tells the filename (I knew this)
+
+# some example commands for ls -l
+* long listing (permissions, ownership, size and modification date) of all files:
+  * ```ls -la```
+* long listing with size displayed using human readable units (KB, MB, GB):
+  * ```ls -lh```
+* long format list sorted by size (descending):
+  * ```ls -lS```
+* long listing of all files, sorted by modification date (oldest first):
+  * ```ls -ltr```