Implemented Comprehensive Exception Handling in OS Kernel

Makefile

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ charlotte_core-x86_64-debug.iso: build-x86_64-debug
 	rm -rf iso_root
 
 run-x86_64-debug: ovmf-x86_64 charlotte_core-x86_64-debug.iso
-	qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -M q35 -cpu host -m 12G -bios ovmf-x86_64/OVMF.fd -cdrom charlotte_core-x86_64-debug.iso -boot d
+	qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -M q35 -cpu host -m 2G -bios ovmf-x86_64/OVMF.fd -cdrom charlotte_core-x86_64-debug.iso -boot d
 
 run-x86_64-log: ovmf-x86_64 charlotte_core-x86_64-debug.iso
 	qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -M q35 -cpu host -m 12G -bios ovmf-x86_64/OVMF.fd -cdrom charlotte_core-x86_64-debug.iso -boot d serial file:log_x86_64.txt
@@ -158,4 +158,4 @@ clean:
 	rm -f log_x86_64.txt
 
 distclean: clean
-	rm -rf limine
+	rm -rf limine

charlotte_core/src/arch/x86_64/exceptions/exceptions.asm

@@ -46,6 +46,26 @@ extern ih_divide_by_zero
 extern ih_double_fault
 extern ih_general_protection_fault
 extern ih_page_fault
+extern ih_segment_not_present
+extern ih_debug
+extern ih_non_maskable_interrupt
+extern ih_breakpoint
+extern ih_overflow
+extern ih_bound_range_exceeded
+extern ih_invalid_opcode
+extern ih_device_not_available
+extern ih_invalid_tss
+extern ih_stack_segment_fault
+extern ih_reserved
+extern ih_x87_floating_point
+extern ih_alignment_check
+extern ih_machine_check
+extern ih_simd_floating_point
+extern ih_virtualization
+extern ih_control_protection
+extern ih_hypervisor_injection
+extern ih_vmm_communication
+extern ih_security_exception
 
 ;The actual ISRs
 global isr_divide_by_zero
@@ -77,4 +97,167 @@ isr_page_fault:
         pop rdi ;pop the error code
         call ih_page_fault
         call restore_regs
-        iretq
+        iretq
+
+global isr_segment_not_present
+isr_segment_not_present:
+    call save_regs
+    pop rdi ; Pop the error code into RDI for the handler
+    call ih_segment_not_present
+    push rdi ; Push the error code back onto the stack for restoring context
+    call restore_regs
+    add rsp, 8 ; Clean up the error code from the stack
+    iretq
+
+global isr_debug
+isr_debug:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_debug
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_non_maskable_interrupt
+isr_non_maskable_interrupt:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_non_maskable_interrupt
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_breakpoint
+isr_breakpoint:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_breakpoint
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+
+global isr_overflow
+isr_overflow:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_overflow
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_bound_range_exceeded
+isr_bound_range_exceeded:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_bound_range_exceeded
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_invalid_opcode
+isr_invalid_opcode:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_invalid_opcode
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_device_not_available
+isr_device_not_available:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_device_not_available
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_invalid_tss
+isr_invalid_tss:
+    call save_regs
+    pop rdi
+    call ih_invalid_tss
+    push rdi
+    call restore_regs
+    add rsp, 8
+    iretq
+
+global isr_stack_segment_fault
+isr_stack_segment_fault:
+    call save_regs
+    pop rdi
+    call ih_stack_segment_fault
+    push rdi
+    call restore_regs
+    add rsp, 8
+    iretq
+
+global isr_reserved
+isr_reserved:
+    call save_regs
+    ; No error code to pop for this vector, as it's not used
+    call ih_reserved
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_x87_floating_point
+isr_x87_floating_point:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_x87_floating_point
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_alignment_check
+isr_alignment_check:
+    call save_regs
+    pop rdi
+    call ih_alignment_check
+    push rdi
+    call restore_regs
+    add rsp, 8
+    iretq
+
+global isr_machine_check
+isr_machine_check:
+    ; Registers are not saved since this exception is an abort
+    ; Unlike Double Fault, Machine Check does not push an error code
+    call ih_machine_check
+    hlt ; Halt the core since machine checks indicate severe hardware issues
+
+global isr_simd_floating_point
+isr_simd_floating_point:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_simd_floating_point
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_virtualization
+isr_virtualization:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_virtualization
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_control_protection
+isr_control_protection:
+    call save_regs
+    pop rdi
+    call ih_control_protection
+    push rdi
+    call restore_regs
+    add rsp, 8
+    iretq
+
+global isr_hypervisor_injection
+isr_hypervisor_injection:
+    call save_regs
+    call ih_hypervisor_injection
+    call restore_regs
+    iretq
+
+global isr_vmm_communication
+isr_vmm_communication:
+    call save_regs
+    pop rdi ; Pop the error code into RDI for the handler
+    call ih_vmm_communication
+    push rdi ; Push the error code back onto the stack for correct stack alignment
+    call restore_regs
+    add rsp, 8 ; Clean up the error code from the stack
+    iretq
+
+global isr_security_exception
+isr_security_exception:
+    call save_regs
+    pop rdi ; Pop the error code into RDI for the handler
+    call ih_security_exception
+    push rdi ; Push the error code back onto the stack for correct stack alignment
+    call restore_regs
+    add rsp, 8 ; Clean up the error code from the stack
+    iretq